摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词
历史搜索
    热门化合物HOT
    • 喹啉
    • 水杨醛
    • 二溴甲烷
    • 谷胱甘肽
    • L-乳酸
    • 苯巴比妥
    • 辣椒碱
    • 非那明
    • 百草枯
    • 联苯烯
    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 内酯类

    内酯类

    内酯类化合物是一类含有环状结构的化合物，通常通过一个碳氧双键将两个羟基连接在一个四元、五元或六元的内环中形成。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工以及生物医药领域有着重要的应用价值。

    内酯的分类
    1. 按环大小划分：根据内酯环的大小，可以将其分为四元、五元和六元内酯。
    2. 按碳原子数划分：依据组成内酯的碳原子数量不同，可进一步划分为二、三、四等碳链长度不同的内酯。
    结构特征
    • 内酯结构中通常包含一个或多个环状氧基团。其独特的环状结构使得它们在水溶液中能够以开环形式存在。
    • 在生物体内，某些内酯通过酶的催化作用可实现快速转化，在药物设计和研究领域具有重要应用价值。
    应用
    1. 医药领域：许多抗生素、抗真菌药及抗癌药物都含有内酯结构。例如，四环素类抗生素就含有五元或六元内酯。
    2. 工业化学：内酯作为重要的化工原料，在合成树脂、塑料和涂料等领域有着广泛应用。
    3. 分析化学与生物传感器：利用内酯的可逆开环性质进行分析检测；通过构建特定识别分子对提高生物传感系统的特异性。
    生物活性
    • 内酯化合物通常具有一定的药理活性，如抗炎、抗菌等作用。这与其独特的空间构象和极性有关。
    • 在细胞信号传导过程中，内酯的环开裂或闭合可以影响特定蛋白质之间的相互作用。

    总之，内酯作为一种重要的化学结构单元，在多个领域发挥着不可替代的作用。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— alpha-Bromo-alpha-trifluoroacetyl-delta-valerolactone, hydrate —— C7H8BrF3O4
    alpha-Bromo-alpha-trifluoroacetyl-delta-valerolactone, hydrate
    —— (5R)-5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3-octadecoxyoxolane-2,4-dione —— C24H44O6
    (5R)-5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3-octadecoxyoxolane-2,4-dione
    —— Tetramic acid, 74 —— C18H16O3S
    Tetramic acid, 74
    —— 4-(3,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2-phenyl-5-[(phenylethyl)thio]-2H-pyran-2-yl)butyramide —— C23H25NO4S
    4-(3,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2-phenyl-5-[(phenylethyl)thio]-2H-pyran-2-yl)butyramide
    —— 4-hydroxy-6-(4-methylpentyl)-6-phenyl-3-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfanyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one —— C25H30O3S
    4-hydroxy-6-(4-methylpentyl)-6-phenyl-3-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfanyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one
    —— 6-Butyl-5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-3-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]-2H-pyran-2-one —— C23H26O3S
    6-Butyl-5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-3-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]-2H-pyran-2-one
    —— 3-(benzylsulfanyl)-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-6-(2-phenylethyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one —— C26H24O3S
    3-(benzylsulfanyl)-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-6-(2-phenylethyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one
    —— 3-(benzylsulfanyl)-6-hexyl-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one —— C24H28O3S
    3-(benzylsulfanyl)-6-hexyl-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one
    —— 1-O-Deacetylkhayanolide E —— C27H32O10
    1-O-Deacetylkhayanolide E
    —— (1S,10S)-4,13,13-trimethyl-9-methylidene-5,11-dioxatricyclo[8.3.0.04,6]tridecan-12-one —— C15H22O3
    (1S,10S)-4,13,13-trimethyl-9-methylidene-5,11-dioxatricyclo[8.3.0.04,6]tridecan-12-one
    —— [(2R,3S,5R,6R,7R,8R)-2-hydroxy-7-methyl-11-oxo-12-prop-1-en-2-ylspiro[4,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.2.1.02,7.03,5]dodecane-6,2'-oxirane]-8-yl] acetate —— C17H20O7
    [(2R,3S,5R,6R,7R,8R)-2-hydroxy-7-methyl-11-oxo-12-prop-1-en-2-ylspiro[4,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.2.1.02,7.03,5]dodecane-6,2'-oxirane]-8-yl] acetate
    —— [1-[2-Oxo-5-(pentoxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]propan-2-ylideneamino]thiourea —— C14H25N3O3S
    [1-[2-Oxo-5-(pentoxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]propan-2-ylideneamino]thiourea
    —— 4-Isothiocyanatooxolan-2-one —— C5H5NO2S
    4-Isothiocyanatooxolan-2-one
    —— azanium;(4R)-2-[2-[(1R,2R,6S,8S,8aS)-2,6-dimethyl-8-[(2R)-2-methylbutanoyl]oxy-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]ethyl]-6-oxooxan-4-olate —— C24H39NO5
    azanium;(4R)-2-[2-[(1R,2R,6S,8S,8aS)-2,6-dimethyl-8-[(2R)-2-methylbutanoyl]oxy-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]ethyl]-6-oxooxan-4-olate
    —— (2R)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3-[(3S,4S,5R)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3,5-dimethyl-6-oxooxan-2-yl]propanal —— C22H44O5Si2
    (2R)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3-[(3S,4S,5R)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3,5-dimethyl-6-oxooxan-2-yl]propanal
    —— (2'S,5'R,16'S)-5'-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-2',16'-dimethylspiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,15'-10-oxatetracyclo[9.7.0.02,7.012,16]octadecane]-9'-one —— C27H46O5Si
    (2'S,5'R,16'S)-5'-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-2',16'-dimethylspiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,15'-10-oxatetracyclo[9.7.0.02,7.012,16]octadecane]-9'-one
    —— 9,9-Dimethyl-8-phenyl-7-oxaspiro[4.5]decane-6,10-dione —— C17H20O3
    9,9-Dimethyl-8-phenyl-7-oxaspiro[4.5]decane-6,10-dione
    —— [(1S,3S,7S,8S)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-8-[2-[(2R,4S)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-7-methyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] 2-diethoxyphosphorylpropanoate —— C37H67O9PSi2
    [(1S,3S,7S,8S)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-8-[2-[(2R,4S)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-7-methyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] 2-diethoxyphosphorylpropanoate
    —— [(7S,8S,8aR)-8-[2-[(4S)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-7-methyl-3-(trideuteriomethyl)-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] (2S)-2-methylbutanoate —— C30H50O5Si
    [(7S,8S,8aR)-8-[2-[(4S)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-7-methyl-3-(trideuteriomethyl)-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] (2S)-2-methylbutanoate
    —— [(1R,3S,7S,8S)-8-[2-[(2S,4S)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] 2,2-dimethylbutanoate —— C31H52O5Si
    [(1R,3S,7S,8S)-8-[2-[(2S,4S)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] 2,2-dimethylbutanoate
    —— [(1S,3S,7S,8S,8aR)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-8-[2-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-7-methyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] (2S)-2-diethoxyphosphorylbutanoate —— C32H55O9PSi
    [(1S,3S,7S,8S,8aR)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-8-[2-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-7-methyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] (2S)-2-diethoxyphosphorylbutanoate
    —— (4R,6R)-6-[2-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-8-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]ethyl]-4-hydroxyoxan-2-one —— C24H40O5Si
    (4R,6R)-6-[2-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-8-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]ethyl]-4-hydroxyoxan-2-one
    —— (3aS,4S)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a-methyl-4,6a-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-3-one —— C15H26O4Si
    (3aS,4S)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a-methyl-4,6a-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-3-one
    —— ethyl 2-[(3aS,4S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3a,6a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-5-yl]acetate —— C20H34O5Si
    ethyl 2-[(3aS,4S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3a,6a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-5-yl]acetate
    —— [(3aS,4S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3a,6a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-5-yl]methyl propanoate —— C20H34O5Si
    [(3aS,4S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3a,6a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-5-yl]methyl propanoate
    —— (3aS,4S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3a,6a-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,4-dihydrocyclopenta[c]furan-6-carbaldehyde —— C16H26O4Si
    (3aS,4S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3a,6a-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,4-dihydrocyclopenta[c]furan-6-carbaldehyde
    —— (3aS,4S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,6a-dimethyl-1,4-dihydrocyclopenta[c]furan-3-one —— C16H28O4Si
    (3aS,4S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,6a-dimethyl-1,4-dihydrocyclopenta[c]furan-3-one
    —— (1S,2S,7S,8S)-2-(3-bromobut-3-enyl)-7-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-1,8-dimethyl-3,10-dioxatricyclo[6.3.0.02,6]undec-5-ene-4,9-dione —— C21H31BrO5Si
    (1S,2S,7S,8S)-2-(3-bromobut-3-enyl)-7-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-1,8-dimethyl-3,10-dioxatricyclo[6.3.0.02,6]undec-5-ene-4,9-dione
    —— 14-Hydroxy-2,3,13,13-tetramethyl-7,10,12-trioxatetracyclo[9.2.1.02,8.06,8]tetradecan-9-one —— C15H22O5
    14-Hydroxy-2,3,13,13-tetramethyl-7,10,12-trioxatetracyclo[9.2.1.02,8.06,8]tetradecan-9-one
    —— (1S,2R,6R,7S,8S)-2-but-3-enyl-7-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-1,8-dimethyl-3,10-dioxatricyclo[6.3.0.02,6]undecane-4,9-dione —— C21H34O5Si
    (1S,2R,6R,7S,8S)-2-but-3-enyl-7-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-1,8-dimethyl-3,10-dioxatricyclo[6.3.0.02,6]undecane-4,9-dione
    —— (2S,5R)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one —— C12H22O3Si
    (2S,5R)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one
    —— methyl 2-[(3aS,4S,5S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3a,6a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-5-yl]acetate —— C19H32O5Si
    methyl 2-[(3aS,4S,5S,6aS)-4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-3a,6a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-5-yl]acetate
    —— Dibutyl-[4-[2-oxo-5-(propoxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]but-2-ynyl]azanium —— C20H36NO3+
    Dibutyl-[4-[2-oxo-5-(propoxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]but-2-ynyl]azanium
    —— 3,6,9-Trioxatetracyclo[6.2.1.02,4.05,7]undecan-10-one —— C8H8O4
    3,6,9-Trioxatetracyclo[6.2.1.02,4.05,7]undecan-10-one
    —— alpha-Methylene-gamma-butyrolactone 3 —— C8H10O5
    alpha-Methylene-gamma-butyrolactone 3
    —— (4R)-3,3-dimethyl-4-(trichloromethyl)oxetan-2-one;(4S)-3,3-dimethyl-4-(trichloromethyl)oxetan-2-one —— C12H14Cl6O4
    (4R)-3,3-dimethyl-4-(trichloromethyl)oxetan-2-one;(4S)-3,3-dimethyl-4-(trichloromethyl)oxetan-2-one
    —— (4R)-3,3-dimethyl-4-(trichloromethyl)oxetan-2-one —— C6H7Cl3O2
    (4R)-3,3-dimethyl-4-(trichloromethyl)oxetan-2-one
    —— (4S)-3,3-dimethyl-4-(trichloromethyl)oxetan-2-one —— C6H7Cl3O2
    (4S)-3,3-dimethyl-4-(trichloromethyl)oxetan-2-one
    —— D-galactaro-1,4-lactone(1-) —— C6H7O7-
    D-galactaro-1,4-lactone(1-)
    —— 3-[2-(5-Mercapto-4H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-ethyl]-5-propoxymethyl-dihydro-furan-2-one —— C12H19N3O3S
    3-[2-(5-Mercapto-4H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-ethyl]-5-propoxymethyl-dihydro-furan-2-one
    —— anditomin 79874-93-4 C25H30O5
    anditomin
    —— andilesin D —— C25H30O6
    andilesin D
    —— (3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]oxolan-2-one —— C6H10O5
    (3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]oxolan-2-one
    —— (4-Ethyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl carbamimidothioate (non-preferred name) —— C8H14N2O2S
    (4-Ethyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl carbamimidothioate (non-preferred name)
    —— (3R,5R)-5-[(2R)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxypropyl]-3-(2-methylpropyl)oxolan-2-one —— C17H34O3Si
    (3R,5R)-5-[(2R)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxypropyl]-3-(2-methylpropyl)oxolan-2-one
    —— 5,5-dimethyl-3-[2-(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)propyl]dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one —— C11H17N3O2S
    5,5-dimethyl-3-[2-(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)propyl]dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
    —— 5-(2-Phenylmethoxyimino-1-trimethylsilyloxyethyl)-3,4-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)oxolan-2-one —— C22H39NO6Si3
    5-(2-Phenylmethoxyimino-1-trimethylsilyloxyethyl)-3,4-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)oxolan-2-one
    —— cis-beta-Methyloctalactone —— C9H16O2
    cis-beta-Methyloctalactone
    —— GA4, MO-Tms —— C26H42O5Si2
    GA4, MO-Tms
    —— Arabinonic acid, gamma-lactone, tris-TMS —— C14H32O5Si3
    Arabinonic acid, gamma-lactone, tris-TMS