内酯类
内酯类化合物是一类含有环状结构的化合物，通常通过一个碳氧双键将两个羟基连接在一个四元、五元或六元的内环中形成。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工以及生物医药领域有着重要的应用价值。
内酯的分类- 按环大小划分：根据内酯环的大小，可以将其分为四元、五元和六元内酯。
- 按碳原子数划分：依据组成内酯的碳原子数量不同，可进一步划分为二、三、四等碳链长度不同的内酯。
- 内酯结构中通常包含一个或多个环状氧基团。其独特的环状结构使得它们在水溶液中能够以开环形式存在。
- 在生物体内，某些内酯通过酶的催化作用可实现快速转化，在药物设计和研究领域具有重要应用价值。
- 医药领域：许多抗生素、抗真菌药及抗癌药物都含有内酯结构。例如，四环素类抗生素就含有五元或六元内酯。
- 工业化学：内酯作为重要的化工原料，在合成树脂、塑料和涂料等领域有着广泛应用。
- 分析化学与生物传感器：利用内酯的可逆开环性质进行分析检测；通过构建特定识别分子对提高生物传感系统的特异性。
- 内酯化合物通常具有一定的药理活性，如抗炎、抗菌等作用。这与其独特的空间构象和极性有关。
- 在细胞信号传导过程中，内酯的环开裂或闭合可以影响特定蛋白质之间的相互作用。
总之，内酯作为一种重要的化学结构单元，在多个领域发挥着不可替代的作用。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | Tetrahydro-4-iod-2-octyl-5-oxo-3-furanessigsaeure-tert.-butylester | 70404-07-8 | C18H31IO4 |
| —— | (+)-3-ethylcompactin | 130710-70-2 | C25H38O5 |
| —— | 3-Hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-7-phenyl-5-heptanolide | 69172-07-2 | C15H20O3 |
| —— | 71582-90-6 | C16H28O3 | |
| —— | (1aR,3aS,4S,4aS,4cS,4dS)-1a,4a-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-octahydro-2-oxa-cyclopenta[cd]cyclopropa[gh]pentalene-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 82054-06-6 | C13H14O5 |
| —— | (1<i>S</i>)-3<i>exo</i>,4<i>exo</i>-diacetoxy-1,2<i>endo</i>-dibromo-6-oxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-7-one | 32384-51-3 | C11H12Br2O6 |
| —— | 3α-hydroxy-17-oxa-<i>D</i>-homo-5α-androstan-16-one | 60243-85-8 | C19H30O3 |
| —— | 1427029-63-7 | C13H18O5 | |
| —— | (3aR,6aS)-6a-Methylsulfanylmethyl-tetrahydro-cyclopenta[c]furan-1,6-dione | 72525-95-2 | C9H12O3S |
| —— | 6-(iodomethyl)-4,4-dimethyl-6-phenyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one | 1258203-97-2 | C14H17IO2 |
| —— | 5-Methyl-5-((R)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)-2-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid | 462059-57-0 | C13H18O4 |
| —— | 4,5-dimethyl-5-pentyloxolan-2-one | 77756-01-5 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | β-ethynyl-β-propiolactone | 59092-51-2 | C5H4O2 |
| —— | (4S,5S)-5-{[(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy]methyl}-4-[tri(methylthio)methyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-one | 106820-44-4 | C25H34O3S3Si |
| —— | (10R,19R)-13,16-diisopropyl-10,19-dimethyl-1,7-dioxa-14,15-diazacycloheneicosa-13,15-dien-2,6-dione | 1319199-01-3 | C25H44N2O4 |
| —— | (4R,5S)-4-Hydroxy-5-((R)-1-iodo-propyl)-5-methyl-dihydro-furan-2-one | 83569-24-8 | C8H13IO3 |
| —— | exo-7-(carbomethoxy)-endo-2-methyl-3-oxa-cis-bicyclo<4.3.0>non-8-en-4-one | 65861-43-0 | C11H14O4 |
| —— | 6-(3-mercapto-propyl)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-one | 99799-06-1 | C8H14O2S |
| —— | Terebinsaeureisopropylester | 34341-66-7 | C10H16O4 |
| —— | Ethyl 5-(iodomethyl)-2-oxooxolane-3-carboxylate | 168482-00-6 | C8H11IO4 |
| —— | 3-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-5-oxabicyclo<2.2.2>octan-6-one | 79743-62-7 | C9H13ClO2 |
| —— | (2S,3S,4S)-3-(1-Methoxycarbonyl-vinyl)-2-hydroxy-dodecanolid-(4) | 93155-35-2 | C16H26O5 |
| —— | (+)-(2E,3R,4S)-2-(dodec-11-ynylidene)-3-hydroxy-4-methylbutanolide | 1196997-35-9 | C17H26O3 |
| —— | methoxynepetaefolin | 43207-64-3 | C23H32O8 |
| —— | (2aS,2bS,5S,5aS,5bS)-2a,4-Dimethyl-1-oxo-1,2a,2b,5,5a,5b-hexahydro-2-oxa-cyclopropa[cd]indene-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 82054-05-5 | C12H14O4 |
| —— | opt.-inakt.-4-Hydroxy-2,2,3-trimethyl-valeriansaeure-lacton | 4258-18-8 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | Grantianic acid | 560-86-1 | C10H14O7 |
| —— | 4-azido-4-deoxy-L-rhamnono-1,5-lactone | 172688-43-6 | C6H9N3O4 |
| —— | (2S,3S,4R)-4-acetoxy-4-hydroxy-2-<(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl>-2,3-dimethylbutanoic acid γ-lactone | 103560-91-4 | C10H16O5 |
| —— | 3,4-dihydroplaunol C | 69749-14-0 | C20H22O7 |
| —— | (S)-5-((S)-1-bromo-2-methylpropyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one | 1384163-67-0 | C8H13BrO2 |
| —— | (1R,4R,7R,8S,10S)-3-Chloro-7,10-dimethyl-5-oxa-tricyclo[5.2.1.04,8]dec-2-en-6-one | 75558-40-6 | C11H13ClO2 |
| —— | (5R,6S)-6-ethenyl-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-5,6-dimethyloxan-2-one | 105835-13-0 | C11H18O3 |
| —— | 80263-58-7 | C15H26O4Si | |
| —— | 7<i>t</i>-iodo-4-methyl-(3a<i>t</i>,7a<i>t</i>)-tetrahydro-3<i>r</i>,6<i>c</i>-methano-furo[3,2-<i>b</i>]pyridine-2,5-dione | 70836-84-9 | C9H10INO3 |
| —— | (5S,1'S)-5-(1'-azido-2'-cyclohexylethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one | 125218-53-3 | C12H19N3O2 |
| —— | 3,4-Dihydro-5-methoxy-4-methyl-3-phenyl-2(5H)-furanone | 83917-82-2 | C12H14O3 |
| —— | 3-(1-Chloro-2-methyl-propenyl)-2-oxa-spiro[4.5]decan-1-one | 100066-99-7 | C13H19ClO2 |
| —— | α-(1,1-dicyano-3-butenyl)-γ-valerolactone | 666738-62-1 | C11H12N2O2 |
| —— | 2-Hydroxy-4'-oxo-3',3'-dimethyl-6-hydroxymethyl-spiro<cyclohexan-1,2'-oxetan> | 3285-48-1 | C11H18O4 |
| —— | Acetic acid (3R,3aS,6R,6aS)-3,3a,6a-trimethyl-2-oxo-hexahydro-cyclopenta[b]furan-6-ylmethyl ester | 75100-57-1 | C13H20O4 |
| —— | (3Z)-3-ethylidene-5-[(E)-prop-1-enyl]oxolan-2-one | 104144-08-3 | C9H12O2 |
| —— | 5-<(1α,6α,7β)-7-(2-Hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-bicyclo<4.1.0>hept-7-yl>-2,2-dimethyl-4,6-dioxo-1,3-dioxane | 120802-70-2 | C21H26O5 |
| —— | 1151391-92-2 | C24H48O3Si | |
| —— | 1192815-62-5 | C13H26O3Si | |
| —— | (1R*,6R*)-1,6-dimethyl-3-oxabicyclo<4.3.0>nonan-4-one | 125318-22-1 | C10H16O2 |
| —— | 915310-73-5 | C12H14O7 | |
| —— | Luehbailiafakv-ybqyofavsa- | 85329-48-2 | C24H30O9 |
| —— | 6-isopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-one | 1703-83-9 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | Lacton des 1-Chlor-2-hydroxy-5-<dihydroxymethyl>-cyclopentan-dicarbonsaeure-(3,4) | 92383-52-3 | C8H9ClO6 |
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
- 29
- 30
- 31
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
- 52
- 53
- 54
- 55
- 56
- 57
- 58
- 59
- 60
- 61
- 62
- 63
- 64
- 65
- 66
- 67
- 68
- 69
- 70
- 71
- 72
- 73
- 74
- 75
- 76
- 77
- 78
- 79
- 80
- 81
- 82
- 83
- 84
- 85
- 86
- 87
- 88
- 89
- 90
- 91
- 92
- 93
- 94
- 95
- 96
- 97
- 98
- 99
- 100
- 101
- 102
- 103
- 104
- 105
- 106
- 107
- 108
- 109
- 110
- 111
- 112
- 113
- 114
- 115
- 116
- 117
- 118
- 119
- 120
- 121
- 122
- 123
- 124
- 125
- 126
- 127
- 128
- 129
- 130
- 131
- 132
- 133
- 134
- 135
- 136
- 137
- 138
- 139
- 140
- 141
- 142
- 143
- 144
- 145
- 146
- 147
- 148
- 149
- 150
- 151
- 152
- 153
- 154
- 155
- 156
- 157
- 158
- 159
- 160
- 161
- 162
- 163
- 164
- 165
- 166
- 167
- 168
- 169
- 170
- 171
- 172
- 173
- 174
- 175
- 176
- 177
- 178
- 179
- 180
- 181
- 182
- 183
- 184
- 185
- 186
- 187
- 188
- 189
- 190
- 191
- 192
- 193
- 194
- 195
- 196
- 197
- 198
- 199
- 200
- 201
- 202
- 203
- 204
- 205
- 206
- 207
- 208
- 209
- 210
- 211
- 212
- 213
- 214
- 215
- 216
- 217
- 218
- 219
- 220
- 221
- 222
- 223
- 224
- 225
- 226
- 227
- 228
- 229
- 230
- 231
- 232
- 233
- 234
- 235
- 236
- 237
- 238
- 239
- 240
- 241
- 242
- 243
- 244
- 245
- 246
- 247
- 248
- 249
- 250
- 251
- 252
- 253
- 254
- 255
- 256
- 257
- 258
- 259
- 260
- 261
- 262
- 263
- 264
- 265
- 266
- 267
- 268
- 269
- 270
- 271
- 272
- 273
- 274
- 275
- 276
- 277
- 278
- 279
- 280
- 281
- 282
- 283
- 284
- 285
- 286
- 287
- 288
- 289
- 290
- 291
- 292
- 293
- 294
- 295
- 296
- 297
- 298
- 299
- 300
联系我们
关注我们
公众号
