内酯类
内酯类化合物是一类含有环状结构的化合物，通常通过一个碳氧双键将两个羟基连接在一个四元、五元或六元的内环中形成。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工以及生物医药领域有着重要的应用价值。
内酯的分类- 按环大小划分：根据内酯环的大小，可以将其分为四元、五元和六元内酯。
- 按碳原子数划分：依据组成内酯的碳原子数量不同，可进一步划分为二、三、四等碳链长度不同的内酯。
- 内酯结构中通常包含一个或多个环状氧基团。其独特的环状结构使得它们在水溶液中能够以开环形式存在。
- 在生物体内，某些内酯通过酶的催化作用可实现快速转化，在药物设计和研究领域具有重要应用价值。
- 医药领域：许多抗生素、抗真菌药及抗癌药物都含有内酯结构。例如，四环素类抗生素就含有五元或六元内酯。
- 工业化学：内酯作为重要的化工原料，在合成树脂、塑料和涂料等领域有着广泛应用。
- 分析化学与生物传感器：利用内酯的可逆开环性质进行分析检测；通过构建特定识别分子对提高生物传感系统的特异性。
- 内酯化合物通常具有一定的药理活性，如抗炎、抗菌等作用。这与其独特的空间构象和极性有关。
- 在细胞信号传导过程中，内酯的环开裂或闭合可以影响特定蛋白质之间的相互作用。
总之，内酯作为一种重要的化学结构单元，在多个领域发挥着不可替代的作用。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | Acetic acid (E)-(3S,3aS,10S,11aS)-3,10-dimethyl-2,11-dioxo-2,3,3a,4,5,8,9,10,11,11a-decahydro-cyclodeca[b]furan-6-ylmethyl ester | 122052-15-7 | C17H24O5 |
| —— | Acetic acid (3R,5S)-5-acetoxymethyl-3-bromo-2-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-3-ylmethyl ester | 111507-11-0 | C10H13BrO6 |
| —— | Acetic acid (4Z,7E)-3-acetoxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-15-methylene-14-oxo-13-oxa-bicyclo[10.3.2]heptadeca-4,7-dien-11-yl ester | 56326-28-4 | C24H34O6 |
| —— | (1S,2R,7R,8R)-4,10-Dioxa-tricyclo[6.2.2.0<sup>2,7</sup>]dodeca-5,11-diene-3,9-dione | 21044-74-6 | C10H8O4 |
| —— | 6-((E)-3-Hydroxy-propenyl)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-one | 77803-31-7 | C8H12O3 |
| —— | 4-Methyl-3-oxabicylo<4.2.0>octan-2-on | 59664-90-3 | C8H12O2 |
| —— | 59372-82-6 | C14H22O2 | |
| —— | 3,5-di-O-acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-D-xylo-hexono-1,4-lactone | 109986-38-1 | C10H14O6 |
| —— | (3R,5R)-3,5-Dibutyl-3-phenylselanyl-dihydro-furan-2-one | 55279-25-9 | C18H26O2Se |
| —— | (7a<i>R</i>)-8<i>c</i>-ethyl-3<i>c</i>,11<i>c</i>-dimethyl-2<i>c</i>-((2<i>S</i>)-4<i>c</i>-methyl-5-oxo-tetrahydro-[2<i>r</i>]furyl)-10-oxo-(7a<i>r</i>,8a<i>c</i>,11a<i>c</i>,11b<i>t</i>,11c<i>c</i>)-tetradecahydro-azepino[3,2,1-<i>hi</i>]furo[3,2-<i>e</i>]indolium; bromide | 17597-19-2 | Br*C23H36NO4 |
| —— | 6-bromo-6-deoxy-D-altrono-1,4-lactone | 161085-38-7 | C6H9BrO5 |
| —— | (+-)-(4t-ethyl-5-oxo-tetrahydro-[3r]furyl)-acetyl chloride | 138920-74-8 | C8H11ClO3 |
| —— | (1S,6S)-1-methyl-2-oxabicyclo<4.4.0>decane-3,8-dione | 130417-16-2 | C10H14O3 |
| —— | 2,2-Diaethyl-δ-valerolacton | 50994-91-7 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | (3aR,6aS,9aR,9bS,9cS)-2,2-dimethylhexahydro-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-b]furo[3,4-d]isoxazol-9(4H)-one | 1191468-24-2 | C11H15NO5 |
| —— | 4-exo-methoxy-6-exo-nitro-3-oxabicyclo<3.1.0>hexan-2-one | 114497-77-7 | C6H7NO5 |
| —— | (+/-)-cis-2-(2-Oxopropyl)-γ-octanoic Lactone | 135074-25-8 | C11H18O3 |
| —— | trans-4a-Acetoxymethyl-3-oxadecal-2-on | 57951-77-6 | C12H18O4 |
| —— | 3-bromo-2,2-difluoro-3-methyl-4-butanolide | 106729-43-5 | C5H5BrF2O2 |
| —— | 4,5-Dimethyl-3-oxa-bicyclo<3.1.0>hexanon-(2) | 71034-64-5 | C7H10O2 |
| —— | 3-carboxy-2-methylene<4-13C>-γ-butyrolactone | 110232-71-8 | C6H6O4 |
| —— | 2-n-Hexyl-2-methyl-γ-butyrolacton | 41487-72-3 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | 1-pyrazoline-3-spiro-4'-(1',3'-dioxolan-5'-one) | 100219-60-1 | C5H6N2O3 |
| —— | 3-carboxy-2-phenylselenomethyl<4-13C>-γ-butyrolactone | 114644-46-1 | C12H12O4Se |
| —— | 1-ethyl-5-methyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-en-7-one | 643749-35-3 | C10H14O2 |
| —— | (1S,4R)-4,5,5-Trimethyl-1-phenyl-2-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-one | 53684-47-2 | C16H20O2 |
| —— | (3S,4R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-6-methylheptansaeure-1,4-lacton | 55714-44-8 | C8H14O3 |
| —— | 1402921-96-3 | C9H14O2 | |
| —— | (4R,6S)-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6,7-dihydroxyoxepan-2-one | 1172627-02-9 | C12H24O5Si |
| —— | O2,O3-dimethyl-D-galactaric acid-1=>4-lactone-6-methyl ester | 30364-32-0 | C9H14O7 |
| —— | (5S)-5-[(1R,2R)-1-hydroxy-2-methylbutyl]oxolan-2-one | 182370-51-0 | C9H16O3 |
| —— | (4R)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)-4-(prop-2-en-1-yl)oxolan-2-one | 1452900-04-7 | C16H20O2 |
| —— | [2-Oxo-dihydro-furan-(3E)-ylidene]-acetic acid methyl ester | 72001-47-9 | C7H8O4 |
| —— | methyl 1,6-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-5-oxatricyclo<4,3,1,03,7>decane-2-carboxylate | 73195-04-7 | C13H16O5 |
| —— | vanadyl phosphate*γ-butyrolactone | 749863-33-0 | C4H6O2*OV*O4P |
| —— | (+-)-octahydro-3,7-cyclo-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']difuran-2,6-dione | 6537-86-6 | C10H10O4 |
| —— | (3aR,7S,7aR)-7-iodo-7a-phenyl-hexahydrobenzofuran-2-one | 1041370-47-1 | C14H15IO2 |
| —— | 5-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyl-2-oxooxolane-3-carbonitrile | 1159014-35-3 | C9H13NO3 |
| —— | (4Z)-9-oxa-11-thiabicyclo[5.3.1]undec-4-en-8-one | 79815-94-4 | C9H12O2S |
| —— | (5R)-5-[(4R,5R)-4,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]oxolan-2-one | 99464-03-6 | C15H20O3 |
| —— | 2'-Oxoadamantan-spiro-3'-tetrahydrofuran | 28972-50-1 | C13H18O2 |
| —— | (4S,5S,7R)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-7-(3-oxobutyl)oxepan-2-one | 1109289-99-7 | C11H18O5 |
| —— | 5-<(ethylthio)methyl>-3-acetyl-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone | 139022-68-7 | C9H14O3S |
| —— | (1R,2R,6R,8S,12S,13S,14R,15R,16S,17S)-15,16-bis[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-12-hydroxy-9,13,17-trimethyl-5,18-dioxapentacyclo[12.5.0.01,6.02,17.08,13]nonadec-9-ene-4,11-dione | 875917-88-7 | C32H54O7Si2 |
| —— | 61597-50-0 | C10H12O4 | |
| —— | (1SR,5RS,6SR,7RS)-(+/-)-6-<(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyloxymethyl>-7-hydroxy-2-oxabicyclo<3.3.0>octane-3-one | 87858-95-5 | C24H30O4Si |
| —— | (Z)-5-(2-bromo-3-chloro-3-(4-chlorophenyl)allyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one | 1638667-37-4 | C13H11BrCl2O2 |
| —— | glaucogenin-C acetate | 97400-00-5 | C23H30O6 |
| —— | (3R,5R)-3-Ethyl-5-hexyl-3-phenylselanyl-dihydro-furan-2-one | 55229-20-4 | C18H26O2Se |
| —— | 20-hydroxy-4-oxa-pregnan-3-one | 5977-79-7 | C20H32O3 |
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
- 29
- 30
- 31
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
- 52
- 53
- 54
- 55
- 56
- 57
- 58
- 59
- 60
- 61
- 62
- 63
- 64
- 65
- 66
- 67
- 68
- 69
- 70
- 71
- 72
- 73
- 74
- 75
- 76
- 77
- 78
- 79
- 80
- 81
- 82
- 83
- 84
- 85
- 86
- 87
- 88
- 89
- 90
- 91
- 92
- 93
- 94
- 95
- 96
- 97
- 98
- 99
- 100
- 101
- 102
- 103
- 104
- 105
- 106
- 107
- 108
- 109
- 110
- 111
- 112
- 113
- 114
- 115
- 116
- 117
- 118
- 119
- 120
- 121
- 122
- 123
- 124
- 125
- 126
- 127
- 128
- 129
- 130
- 131
- 132
- 133
- 134
- 135
- 136
- 137
- 138
- 139
- 140
- 141
- 142
- 143
- 144
- 145
- 146
- 147
- 148
- 149
- 150
- 151
- 152
- 153
- 154
- 155
- 156
- 157
- 158
- 159
- 160
- 161
- 162
- 163
- 164
- 165
- 166
- 167
- 168
- 169
- 170
- 171
- 172
- 173
- 174
- 175
- 176
- 177
- 178
- 179
- 180
- 181
- 182
- 183
- 184
- 185
- 186
- 187
- 188
- 189
- 190
- 191
- 192
- 193
- 194
- 195
- 196
- 197
- 198
- 199
- 200
- 201
- 202
- 203
- 204
- 205
- 206
- 207
- 208
- 209
- 210
- 211
- 212
- 213
- 214
- 215
- 216
- 217
- 218
- 219
- 220
- 221
- 222
- 223
- 224
- 225
- 226
- 227
- 228
- 229
- 230
- 231
- 232
- 233
- 234
- 235
- 236
- 237
- 238
- 239
- 240
- 241
- 242
- 243
- 244
- 245
- 246
- 247
- 248
- 249
- 250
- 251
- 252
- 253
- 254
- 255
- 256
- 257
- 258
- 259
- 260
- 261
- 262
- 263
- 264
- 265
- 266
- 267
- 268
- 269
- 270
- 271
- 272
- 273
- 274
- 275
- 276
- 277
- 278
- 279
- 280
- 281
- 282
- 283
- 284
- 285
- 286
- 287
- 288
- 289
- 290
- 291
- 292
- 293
- 294
- 295
- 296
- 297
- 298
- 299
- 300
联系我们
关注我们
公众号
