内酯类
内酯类化合物是一类含有环状结构的化合物，通常通过一个碳氧双键将两个羟基连接在一个四元、五元或六元的内环中形成。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工以及生物医药领域有着重要的应用价值。
内酯的分类- 按环大小划分：根据内酯环的大小，可以将其分为四元、五元和六元内酯。
- 按碳原子数划分：依据组成内酯的碳原子数量不同，可进一步划分为二、三、四等碳链长度不同的内酯。
- 内酯结构中通常包含一个或多个环状氧基团。其独特的环状结构使得它们在水溶液中能够以开环形式存在。
- 在生物体内，某些内酯通过酶的催化作用可实现快速转化，在药物设计和研究领域具有重要应用价值。
- 医药领域：许多抗生素、抗真菌药及抗癌药物都含有内酯结构。例如，四环素类抗生素就含有五元或六元内酯。
- 工业化学：内酯作为重要的化工原料，在合成树脂、塑料和涂料等领域有着广泛应用。
- 分析化学与生物传感器：利用内酯的可逆开环性质进行分析检测；通过构建特定识别分子对提高生物传感系统的特异性。
- 内酯化合物通常具有一定的药理活性，如抗炎、抗菌等作用。这与其独特的空间构象和极性有关。
- 在细胞信号传导过程中，内酯的环开裂或闭合可以影响特定蛋白质之间的相互作用。
总之，内酯作为一种重要的化学结构单元，在多个领域发挥着不可替代的作用。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 6-Brom-8-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3,5-epoxy-7-oxo-4-methyl-cis-dekahydro-naphthalincarbonsaeure-1,8-lacton | 94625-02-2 | C13H15BrO5 |
| —— | 6-Methyl-1,3,3a,4,5,7a-hexahydro-isobenzofuran-3-on-4-carbonsaeure-methylester | 1572-60-7 | C11H14O4 |
| —— | α-Acetyl-δ-allyloxy-γ-hydroxy-valerolacton-semicarbazon | 91194-50-2 | C11H17N3O4 |
| —— | (+/-)-(3α,3aβ,6aβ,3'aS<sup>*</sup>,6'aS<sup>*</sup>)-3,3'(2H,2H')-spirobi<cyclopenta<b>furan>-2,2'-dione | 94800-15-4 | C13H16O4 |
| —— | α,δ-Dimethyl-δ-acetoxy-γ-caprolacton | 92016-26-7 | C10H16O4 |
| —— | 2-Brom-8-hydroxy-3,5-epoxy-4-methyl-cis-1,2,3,4,5,8,9,10-octahydro-naphthalincarbonsaeure-1,8-lacton | 94267-94-4 | C12H13BrO3 |
| —— | Perhydro-18α-hydroxy-dicyclodeca<a,c>benzol-9.10-dicarbonsaeureanhydrid-10,18a-lacton | 121760-64-3 | C24H38O4 |
| —— | (3aS,8aR)-3,3-Diethyl-octahydro-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one | 132835-47-3 | C13H22O2 |
| —— | (1R,3S,6S,9R)-4-Hydroxymethyl-3,6-dimethyl-10,12-dioxa-tricyclo[7.2.1.0<sup>1,6</sup>]dodec-4-en-11-one | 200571-99-9 | C13H18O4 |
| —— | (E)-3-(1-chlorohexylidene)-dihydro-5-phenylfuran-2(3H)-one | 1392484-85-3 | C16H19ClO2 |
| —— | (3aR,4R,5R,6aS)-5-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)-4-(hydroxymethyl)hexahydro-2H-cyclopenta[b]furan-2-one | 174589-68-5 | C14H26O4Si |
| —— | (3aR,4R,6aS)-3a,4-dihydro-4-(oct-2-ynyl)-3H-cyclopenta[b]furan-2(6aH)-one | 915375-58-5 | C15H20O2 |
| —— | 7a-(2-Methyl-2-propenyl)-octahydro-5H,7H-cyclopenta<c>pyrano<2,3-d>pyran-5-one | 138332-64-6 | C15H22O3 |
| —— | [Co(dimethylglyoximato)2(H2O)(C8H6O3CH3)] | 700840-66-0 | C17H25CoN4O8 |
| —— | methyl (2SR,7RS)-2-phenylseleno-4-oxatricyclo<4.4.0.0<sup>3,8</sup>>-deca-5-one-7-carboxylate | 72443-95-9 | C17H18O4Se |
| —— | (3aS,9S,9aS,9bR)-9,9a-Dimethyl-3a,4,6,7,8,9,9a,9b-octahydro-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]furan-2-one | 120385-77-5 | C14H20O2 |
| —— | <i>O</i><sup>3</sup>,<i>O</i><sup>4</sup>-dimethyl-D-xylonic acid-5-lactone | 98963-03-2 | C7H12O5 |
| —— | α-Isopropyl-γ-ethoxycarbonyl-butyrolacton | 99182-02-2 | C10H16O4 |
| —— | 3-ethyl-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-dihydro-furan-2-one | 100117-51-9 | C12H14O3 |
| —— | α-Cyclohexyl-δ-methyl-δ-acetoxy-γ-caprolacton | 94092-61-2 | C15H24O4 |
| —— | Gibberellin-C-methylester-dithioethylenketal | 100302-56-5 | C22H30O5S2 |
| —— | 3-<3.3-Dimethyl-2-oxo-butyl>-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-phenyl-valeriansaeure-lacton | 1091-20-9 | C18H24O3 |
| —— | 5-Oxo-4'-methoxycarbonyl-4',8'a,2'-trimethyl-decahydro-spiro<furan-2(3H),-1'(2H)-naphthalin> | 1037-84-9 | C18H28O4 |
| —— | γ-Fluor-δ-caprolacton | 2021-75-2 | C6H9FO2 |
| —— | 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-6-(1-methyl-2-oxo-propyl)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-one | 93306-19-5 | C11H18O4 |
| —— | (-)-(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,4,6-trimethyl-1-pentanoic acid lactone, 3-methyl ether | 102745-55-1 | C11H20O4 |
| —— | 1227308-35-1 | C25H46O3Si | |
| —— | (3aR,7aR)-1,1-Dimethyl-3-oxo-hexahydro-isobenzofuran-3a-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 101046-11-1 | C12H18O4 |
| —— | (3aR,4R,5R,6aS)-4-[(E)-(R)-3-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-oct-1-enyl]-5-triethylsilanyloxy-hexahydro-cyclopenta[b]furan-2-one | 851542-04-6 | C27H52O4Si2 |
| —— | 10α-Hydroxy-1α-hydroxymethyl-1β,4aα-dimethyl-8-methylen-gibban-1aα-carbonsaeure-10a,1α-lacton | 1161-98-4 | C20H28O3 |
| —— | (4S)-5-[(E)-pent-1-enyl]-4-propan-2-yloxolan-2-one | 848401-35-4 | C12H20O2 |
| —— | α-Hydroxyimino-γ-octyl-butyrolacton | 3783-03-7 | C12H21NO3 |
| —— | 1-acetyl-4,4,5-trimethyl-6-chloromethyl-3-oxabicyclo<3.2.0>heptan-2-one | 123518-08-1 | C12H17ClO3 |
| —— | (4aR,8aR)-(-)-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-4a-methyl-2H,5H-thiopyrano<4,3-b>pyran-2-one | 139027-58-0 | C9H14O2S |
| —— | 3,3,4-trimethyl-5-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-2-carboxylic acid | 871885-34-6 | C8H12O4 |
| —— | (-)-(3R,4S,5R)-4-(1-tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)isopropyl-3-acetoxy-butyrolactone | 884870-80-8 | C16H30O5Si |
| —— | (+/-)-(3α,5α,8S<sup>*</sup>)-3,8-dimethyl-3,8-diphenyl-2,7-dioxaspiro<4.4>nonane-1,6-dione | 94842-32-7 | C21H20O4 |
| —— | 184292-18-0 | C65H119N3O12Si3 | |
| —— | 3-Oxabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-one, 7,7-dimethyl- | 105598-60-5 | C8H12O2 |
| —— | (+)-(R)-4-(2-cyclohexylethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one | 1612796-96-9 | C13H22O2 |
| —— | [(4S,6R)-4,6-dimethyl-7-oxooxepan-2-yl] acetate | 259539-26-9 | C10H16O4 |
| —— | 5-Hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-tetronsaeure | 89692-06-8 | C6H8O4 |
| —— | (2'R,3R,4'S,4a'R,5S,5'R,8a'S)-5-(furan-3-yl)-4'-hydroxy-4a'-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-methyldecahydro-2H-dispiro[furan-3,1'-naphthalene-5',2''-oxiran]-2-one | 133646-99-8 | C20H26O6 |
| —— | 1-<γ,γ-Dimethyl-γ-butyrolacton-β-yl>-butadien | 90925-76-1 | C10H14O2 |
| —— | (4R,6R,1'R)- and (4R,6S,1'R)-6-(1'-Iodopentyl)-4-(triisopropylsiloxy)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one | 135677-44-0 | C19H37IO3Si |
| —— | (4S,5S)-4-Ethyl-3-methylene-5-pentyl-dihydro-furan-2-one | 106118-63-2 | C12H20O2 |
| —— | 2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4-methyl-4-butanolide | 134251-70-0 | C7H6F6O2 |
| —— | 6,6-dimethyl-[1,4]dioxepane-2,3-dione | 92350-48-6 | C7H10O4 |
| —— | 6-methyl-4-phenethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-one | 106596-63-8 | C14H18O2 |
| —— | 7-Acetoxy-3-aethoxy-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-phthalid | 2960-62-5 | C12H18O5 |
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
- 29
- 30
- 31
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
- 52
- 53
- 54
- 55
- 56
- 57
- 58
- 59
- 60
- 61
- 62
- 63
- 64
- 65
- 66
- 67
- 68
- 69
- 70
- 71
- 72
- 73
- 74
- 75
- 76
- 77
- 78
- 79
- 80
- 81
- 82
- 83
- 84
- 85
- 86
- 87
- 88
- 89
- 90
- 91
- 92
- 93
- 94
- 95
- 96
- 97
- 98
- 99
- 100
- 101
- 102
- 103
- 104
- 105
- 106
- 107
- 108
- 109
- 110
- 111
- 112
- 113
- 114
- 115
- 116
- 117
- 118
- 119
- 120
- 121
- 122
- 123
- 124
- 125
- 126
- 127
- 128
- 129
- 130
- 131
- 132
- 133
- 134
- 135
- 136
- 137
- 138
- 139
- 140
- 141
- 142
- 143
- 144
- 145
- 146
- 147
- 148
- 149
- 150
- 151
- 152
- 153
- 154
- 155
- 156
- 157
- 158
- 159
- 160
- 161
- 162
- 163
- 164
- 165
- 166
- 167
- 168
- 169
- 170
- 171
- 172
- 173
- 174
- 175
- 176
- 177
- 178
- 179
- 180
- 181
- 182
- 183
- 184
- 185
- 186
- 187
- 188
- 189
- 190
- 191
- 192
- 193
- 194
- 195
- 196
- 197
- 198
- 199
- 200
- 201
- 202
- 203
- 204
- 205
- 206
- 207
- 208
- 209
- 210
- 211
- 212
- 213
- 214
- 215
- 216
- 217
- 218
- 219
- 220
- 221
- 222
- 223
- 224
- 225
- 226
- 227
- 228
- 229
- 230
- 231
- 232
- 233
- 234
- 235
- 236
- 237
- 238
- 239
- 240
- 241
- 242
- 243
- 244
- 245
- 246
- 247
- 248
- 249
- 250
- 251
- 252
- 253
- 254
- 255
- 256
- 257
- 258
- 259
- 260
- 261
- 262
- 263
- 264
- 265
- 266
- 267
- 268
- 269
- 270
- 271
- 272
- 273
- 274
- 275
- 276
- 277
- 278
- 279
- 280
- 281
- 282
- 283
- 284
- 285
- 286
- 287
- 288
- 289
- 290
- 291
- 292
- 293
- 294
- 295
- 296
- 297
- 298
- 299
- 300
- 301
- 302
- 303
联系我们
关注我们
公众号
