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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— (3S,5S)-1-[4-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-5-(2-methylprop-2-enylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-3,5-dimethylpiperidine —— C18H26N4OS
(3S,5S)-1-[4-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-5-(2-methylprop-2-enylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-3,5-dimethylpiperidine
—— [(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methanone —— C14H18N2OS
[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methanone
—— 1-[(2S)-heptan-2-yl]-3-(2-phenylsulfanylethyl)urea —— C16H26N2OS
1-[(2S)-heptan-2-yl]-3-(2-phenylsulfanylethyl)urea
—— 5-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methylsulfanyl]-4-prop-2-enyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine —— C10H16N4OS
5-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methylsulfanyl]-4-prop-2-enyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine
—— (1R,2S,4R)-N-(2-phenylsulfanylphenyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxamide —— C20H19NOS
(1R,2S,4R)-N-(2-phenylsulfanylphenyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxamide
—— [(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-[(2S)-2-methylmorpholin-4-yl]methanone —— C14H17NO2S
[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-[(2S)-2-methylmorpholin-4-yl]methanone
—— [(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methanone —— C14H18N2OS
[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methanone
—— 1-[(2R)-heptan-2-yl]-3-(2-phenylsulfanylethyl)urea —— C16H26N2OS
1-[(2R)-heptan-2-yl]-3-(2-phenylsulfanylethyl)urea
—— [(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-[(2R)-2-methylmorpholin-4-yl]methanone —— C14H17NO2S
[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-[(2R)-2-methylmorpholin-4-yl]methanone
—— [(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-[(2S)-2-methylmorpholin-4-yl]methanone —— C14H17NO2S
[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl]-[(2S)-2-methylmorpholin-4-yl]methanone
—— (5aR,9aS)-4-chloro-5a,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-[1]benzothiolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine —— C10H11ClN2S
(5aR,9aS)-4-chloro-5a,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-[1]benzothiolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine
—— (1R,2R,4R)-N-(2-phenylsulfanylphenyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxamide —— C20H19NOS
(1R,2R,4R)-N-(2-phenylsulfanylphenyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxamide
—— 5-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methylsulfanyl]-4-prop-2-enyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine —— C10H16N4OS
5-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methylsulfanyl]-4-prop-2-enyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine
—— (5aS,9aS)-4-chloro-5a,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-[1]benzothiolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine —— C10H11ClN2S
(5aS,9aS)-4-chloro-5a,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-[1]benzothiolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine
—— (5aR,9aR)-4-chloro-5a,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-[1]benzothiolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine —— C10H11ClN2S
(5aR,9aR)-4-chloro-5a,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-[1]benzothiolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine
—— [2-[(1-cyanocyclopentyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C17H19ClN2O3S
[2-[(1-cyanocyclopentyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— (2S)-2-(4-aminophenyl)sulfanyl-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid —— C13H17NO4S
(2S)-2-(4-aminophenyl)sulfanyl-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
—— [2-(benzylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C18H18ClNO3S
[2-(benzylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-(cyclopentylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C16H20ClNO3S
[2-(cyclopentylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-[(1-cyanocyclopentyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C17H19ClN2O3S
[2-[(1-cyanocyclopentyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— (2R)-2-(4-aminophenyl)sulfanyl-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid —— C13H17NO4S
(2R)-2-(4-aminophenyl)sulfanyl-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
—— [2-(cyclopentylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C16H20ClNO3S
[2-(cyclopentylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-[[(2R)-2-cyano-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C17H21ClN2O3S
[2-[[(2R)-2-cyano-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-[[(3S)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C15H18ClNO5S2
[2-[[(3S)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— (2-amino-2-oxoethyl) (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C11H12ClNO3S
(2-amino-2-oxoethyl) (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [(2S)-1-amino-1-oxopropan-2-yl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C12H14ClNO3S
[(2S)-1-amino-1-oxopropan-2-yl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-(2-methylpropylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C15H20ClNO3S
[2-(2-methylpropylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-oxo-2-[[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]amino]ethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C19H20ClNO3S
[2-oxo-2-[[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]amino]ethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-oxo-2-(1,2,5-trimethylpyrrol-3-yl)ethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C18H20ClNO3S
[2-oxo-2-(1,2,5-trimethylpyrrol-3-yl)ethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-(2-cyanoethylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C14H15ClN2O3S
[2-(2-cyanoethylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [(2R)-1-amino-1-oxopropan-2-yl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C12H14ClNO3S
[(2R)-1-amino-1-oxopropan-2-yl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [(2R)-1-(carbamoylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C13H15ClN2O4S
[(2R)-1-(carbamoylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-[(1-cyanocyclohexyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C18H21ClN2O3S
[2-[(1-cyanocyclohexyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-[[(2S)-2-cyano-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C17H21ClN2O3S
[2-[[(2S)-2-cyano-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [(2S)-1-amino-1-oxopropan-2-yl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C12H14ClNO3S
[(2S)-1-amino-1-oxopropan-2-yl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— 1-[(3S)-3,5-dithiophen-2-yl-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylethanone —— C19H16N2OS3
1-[(3S)-3,5-dithiophen-2-yl-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylethanone
—— N-[(1R)-1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylacetamide —— C18H21NOS
N-[(1R)-1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylacetamide
—— [2-[[(3R)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C15H18ClNO5S2
[2-[[(3R)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— 1-[2,5-Dimethyl-1-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)pyrrol-3-yl]-2-[(5-methylsulfanyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethanone —— C15H16N4O2S3
1-[2,5-Dimethyl-1-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)pyrrol-3-yl]-2-[(5-methylsulfanyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethanone
—— 1-[(3R)-3,5-dithiophen-2-yl-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylethanone —— C19H16N2OS3
1-[(3R)-3,5-dithiophen-2-yl-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylethanone
—— [2-oxo-2-(propylcarbamoylamino)ethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C15H19ClN2O4S
[2-oxo-2-(propylcarbamoylamino)ethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— 1-[2,5-Dimethyl-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyrrol-3-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylethanone —— C17H16N2OS2
1-[2,5-Dimethyl-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyrrol-3-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylethanone
—— (2R)-N-(1-adamantyl)-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide —— C19H25NOS
(2R)-N-(1-adamantyl)-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide
—— (1S,3S)-3-ethylsulfanylcyclopentan-1-amine —— C7H15NS
(1S,3S)-3-ethylsulfanylcyclopentan-1-amine
—— [2-(tert-butylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C15H20ClNO3S
[2-(tert-butylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— [2-(2-methylpropylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C15H20ClNO3S
[2-(2-methylpropylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— N-benzyl-N-[(3S)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylacetamide —— C19H21NO3S2
N-benzyl-N-[(3S)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylacetamide
—— [2-[[(3R)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate —— C15H18ClNO5S2
[2-[[(3R)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (2R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoate
—— ethyl 2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-phenylsulfanylacetyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate —— C17H19NO3S
ethyl 2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-phenylsulfanylacetyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate
—— 1-[1-[(3R)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]-2,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylethanone —— C18H21NO3S2
1-[1-[(3R)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]-2,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl]-2-phenylsulfanylethanone