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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(S)-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methyl]acetamide —— C21H20N2OS
2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(S)-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methyl]acetamide
—— (2R)-2-[(5-thiophen-2-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]propanenitrile —— C9H7N3OS2
(2R)-2-[(5-thiophen-2-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]propanenitrile
—— (2S)-2-[[5-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-4-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]-N-[(1R)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]propanamide —— C21H28FN5O3S
(2S)-2-[[5-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-4-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]-N-[(1R)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]propanamide
—— 5-ethyl-3-[(1S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]sulfanyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole —— C12H14FN3S
5-ethyl-3-[(1S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]sulfanyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole
—— (2S)-N-[(1S)-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide —— C17H17F2NOS
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide
—— (2S)-N-[(1R)-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide —— C17H17F2NOS
(2S)-N-[(1R)-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide
—— (2R)-N-[(1R)-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide —— C17H17F2NOS
(2R)-N-[(1R)-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide
—— 3-[5-[2-[[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl-4-[[(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]propanamide —— C20H35N5O3S
3-[5-[2-[[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl-4-[[(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]propanamide
—— (3R)-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N'-hydroxypentanimidamide —— C11H14F2N2OS
(3R)-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N'-hydroxypentanimidamide
—— (2S)-3-(diethylamino)-2-methylpropanethioamide —— C8H18N2S
(2S)-3-(diethylamino)-2-methylpropanethioamide
—— (2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropanethioamide —— C6H14N2S
(2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropanethioamide
—— 2-[(4-butyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-[[(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]acetamide —— C13H22N4O3S
2-[(4-butyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-[[(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]acetamide
—— (2S)-2-[(4-butyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-cyclohexyl-N-methylpropanamide —— C16H28N4O2S
(2S)-2-[(4-butyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-cyclohexyl-N-methylpropanamide
—— N-[(R)-cyclopropyl(phenyl)methyl]-2-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C19H21NOS
N-[(R)-cyclopropyl(phenyl)methyl]-2-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— (2S)-2-[(4-butyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-cyclopentylpropanamide —— C14H24N4O2S
(2S)-2-[(4-butyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-cyclopentylpropanamide
—— 3-[5-[2-[[(2R)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl-4-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]propanamide —— C17H29N5O3S
3-[5-[2-[[(2R)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl-4-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]propanamide
—— 3-[5-[2-[[(2S)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl-4-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]propanamide —— C17H29N5O3S
3-[5-[2-[[(2S)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl-4-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]propanamide
—— Ethyl trans-1-propenyl disulfide —— C5H10S2
Ethyl trans-1-propenyl disulfide
—— N-[(1R)-1-(4-ethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C19H23NOS
N-[(1R)-1-(4-ethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— Propyl-(Z)-propenyl tetrasulfide —— C6H12S4
Propyl-(Z)-propenyl tetrasulfide
—— [(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl]-(2-phenylsulfanylpyridin-3-yl)methanone —— C18H20N2O2S
[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl]-(2-phenylsulfanylpyridin-3-yl)methanone
—— N-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-2-[[4-(2-phenylethyl)-5-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]acetamide —— C22H26N4O2S2
N-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-2-[[4-(2-phenylethyl)-5-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]acetamide
—— Allyl isobutyl sulfide —— C7H14S
Allyl isobutyl sulfide
—— Propyl cis-1-propenyl pentasulfide —— C6H12S5
Propyl cis-1-propenyl pentasulfide
—— 2-[[5-(2-methoxyethylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]sulfanyl]-N-[(1S)-2-methyl-1-thiophen-2-ylpropyl]acetamide —— C15H22N4O2S3
2-[[5-(2-methoxyethylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]sulfanyl]-N-[(1S)-2-methyl-1-thiophen-2-ylpropyl]acetamide
—— 3-[3-cyclopropyl-5-[2-[[(2S)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]propanamide —— C15H25N5O2S
3-[3-cyclopropyl-5-[2-[[(2S)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]propanamide
—— 2,3,4,6,8-Pentathianonane —— C4H10S5
2,3,4,6,8-Pentathianonane
—— 2-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl-N-[[(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]acetamide —— C15H21NO2S
2-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl-N-[[(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]acetamide
—— N-[(S)-cyclopropyl(phenyl)methyl]-2-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C19H21NOS
N-[(S)-cyclopropyl(phenyl)methyl]-2-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— 8-Methyl-4,5,6,9-tetrathia-1,11-dodecadiene —— C9H16S4
8-Methyl-4,5,6,9-tetrathia-1,11-dodecadiene
—— (2R)-N-[(1S)-1-(4-ethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide —— C19H23NOS
(2R)-N-[(1S)-1-(4-ethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide
—— (2S)-N-[(1S)-1-(4-ethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide —— C19H23NOS
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-(4-ethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide
—— (2S)-N-[(1R)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide —— C17H18ClNOS
(2S)-N-[(1R)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide
—— N-[(1S,2S,3S)-2,3-dimethylcyclohexyl]-2-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanylacetamide —— C16H25N3OS
N-[(1S,2S,3S)-2,3-dimethylcyclohexyl]-2-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanylacetamide
—— (2R)-N-[(1S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide —— C17H18ClNOS
(2R)-N-[(1S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylpropanamide
—— 2,3,4,6-Tetrathiaheptane —— C3H8S4
2,3,4,6-Tetrathiaheptane
—— 8-Methyl-4,5,6,7,10-pentathia-1,12-tridecadiene —— C9H16S5
8-Methyl-4,5,6,7,10-pentathia-1,12-tridecadiene
—— ethyl (2S)-3-amino-2-methyl-3-sulfanylidenepropanoate —— C6H11NO2S
ethyl (2S)-3-amino-2-methyl-3-sulfanylidenepropanoate
—— 9-Methyl-4,5,6,7,10-pentathia-1,12-tridecadiene —— C9H16S5
9-Methyl-4,5,6,7,10-pentathia-1,12-tridecadiene
—— Methyl cis-1-propenyl tetrasulfide —— C4H8S4
Methyl cis-1-propenyl tetrasulfide
—— 4-Methyl-1,2,5-trithiepane —— C5H10S3
4-Methyl-1,2,5-trithiepane
—— (4S)-4-phenyl-4H-3,1-benzoxathiine —— C14H12OS
(4S)-4-phenyl-4H-3,1-benzoxathiine
—— 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-3-one —— C5H6OS
3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-3-one
—— 4-Ethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrathianonane —— C8H18S4
4-Ethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrathianonane
—— Bis(prop-2-enyl)-sulfanylidene-lambda4-sulfane —— C6H10S2
Bis(prop-2-enyl)-sulfanylidene-lambda4-sulfane
—— 2-[(2R)-1-(3-methylbutyl)-4-[[5-[(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]furan-2-yl]methyl]piperazin-2-yl]ethanol —— C19H31N5O2S
2-[(2R)-1-(3-methylbutyl)-4-[[5-[(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]furan-2-yl]methyl]piperazin-2-yl]ethanol
—— 2-[(2R)-1-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-[[5-[(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]furan-2-yl]methyl]piperazin-2-yl]ethanol —— C19H29N5O2S
2-[(2R)-1-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-[[5-[(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]furan-2-yl]methyl]piperazin-2-yl]ethanol
—— N-[(2R)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylethyl]-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C19H24N2OS
N-[(2R)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylethyl]-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— N-[(2R)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylacetamide —— C18H22N2OS
N-[(2R)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylacetamide
—— N-[(2S)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylacetamide —— C18H22N2OS
N-[(2S)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylethyl]-2-phenylsulfanylacetamide