酚类是一大类化合物,它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基(-OH)直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。
结构与分类酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同,可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类:
酚类可以通过多种途径制备:
尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景,但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。
以上是对酚类的简单介绍,涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 1,3-bis[N-(5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-aminoethylene]-2-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)imidazolidine | 869962-54-9 | C27H27Cl3N4O3 |
| —— | 3-Methyl-6-decalyl-phenol | 39652-66-9 | C17H24O |
| —— | 2-Nitro-3-hydroxy-benzosuberan-ol-(5) | 99855-98-8 | C11H13NO4 |
| —— | 5-[1-Hydroxy-2-(1-methyl-pentylamino)-ethyl]-benzene-1,3-diol | 102981-61-3 | C14H23NO3 |
| —— | (1E,3E)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-butadiene | 1206103-21-0 | C18H15F3O2 |
| —— | (2E)-2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-thiophen-2-ylacetyl)oxyiminoacetic acid | 61561-28-2 | C14H11NO5S |
| —— | 2-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)-4-cyanophenol | 1116155-93-1 | C23H23NOSi |
| —— | tetrakis(μ-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoato-O:O'))bis(aqua) dicopper(II) | 943967-69-9 | C32H32Cu2O18 |
| —— | 6,6'-((1E,1'E)-((4,5-dichloro-1,2-phenylene)bis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))bis(2,4-dinitrophenol) | 185042-25-5 | C20H10Cl2N6O10 |
| —— | 2-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-phenyl)-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl)-thiazolidin-4-one | 1255932-41-2 | C18H16F3NO4S |
| —— | (S,S)-N,N′-bis-(3-methoxysalicylidene)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine | 177898-70-3 | C22H26N2O4 |
| —— | (2-[1-(2-dimethylaminoethylimino)methyl]phenol) | 38495-36-2 | C11H16N2O |
| —— | 1,1'-bis[(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl] disulfide | 163683-41-8 | C22H30O2S2 |
| —— | 4-{(1E)-1-[(2E)-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}hydrazono]ethyl}benzene-1,3-diol | 1200825-75-7 | C17H19N3O2 |
| —— | [4-[[(Z)-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]carbamoyl]phenyl]-trimethylazanium;iodide | 1190934-75-8 | C18H22N3O3*I |
| —— | (R)-2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenylamino)-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride | 1334386-20-7 | C11H12N2O4S*ClH |
| —— | 2-[1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethylideneamino]guanidine | 13308-79-7 | C9H12N4O |
| —— | N,N'-bis(3-allylsalicylidene)o-phenylenediamine | 206752-24-1 | C26H24N2O2 |
| —— | 2-methoxy-4-(2-dodecyloxyethyl)phenol | 1327337-50-7 | C21H36O3 |
| —— | 1-Butanone, 1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-, oxime | 143286-57-1 | C11H15NO3 |
| —— | (S)-4-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-2-butyl acetate | 1450832-91-3 | C13H18O4 |
| —— | Cu(N-(m-hydroxyphenylene)salicylideneaminate)2 | 14706-49-1 | C26H20CuN2O4 |
| —— | 2-(2,5-dimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)phenol | 1237740-83-8 | C14H18O |
| —— | 1-(benzyloxy)-4-(2-dodecyloxyethyl)benzene | 1327337-36-9 | C27H40O2 |
| —— | (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-{4-[2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-acetic acid | 850616-11-4 | C23H28O5 |
| —— | 1449364-41-3 | C18H12N4O4 | |
| —— | tetraethyl 1-(2,3-dihydroxybenzyl)-1-methylmethylenebisphosphonate | 852449-82-2 | C17H30O8P2 |
| —— | tert-butyl 2-hydroxy-3,5,6-trimethoxybenzylcarbamate | 1380092-15-8 | C15H23NO6 |
| —— | Acetic acid 4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-phenylsulfanylmethyl ester | 71519-00-1 | C11H14O3S |
| —— | 4-Methoxy-2-[(E)-3-methyl-5-((1S,4aS,8aS)-5,5,8a-trimethyl-2-methylene-decahydro-naphthalen-1-yl)-pent-2-enyl]-phenol | 70345-05-0 | C27H40O2 |
| —— | (5Z)-5-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-1-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-4-one | 1181081-40-2 | C15H14N2O2S |
| —— | 4-Chloro-6-{[(propan-2-yl)amino]methylidene}cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one--copper (2/1) | 7230-66-2 | C20H24Cl2CuN2O2 |
| —— | 2-bromo-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-6-methoxyphenol | 1159343-12-0 | C9H7BrCl2O2 |
| —— | 3-chloromethyl-2,5,6-trimethyl-4-propoxy-phenol | 100620-58-4 | C13H19ClO2 |
| —— | Isopentylmalonsaeure-di-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-benzyliden)-hydrazid | 26878-77-3 | C24H30N4O6 |
| —— | 4-Bromo-2-[1-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2-dichloroethenyl]phenol | 70605-53-7 | C14H8Br2Cl2O2 |
| —— | 3,9,17,23-Tetraazatricyclo[23.3.1.1~11,15~]triaconta-1,10,12,14,16,23,25,27-octaene-29,30-dione, 6,20-dihydroxy-13,27-dimethyl-, copper copper(1+) salt, (16Z,23Z)-, hydrate (2:2:2:1) | 7232-54-4 | C56H76Cu4N8O10+2 |
| —— | N'-(5-Cl-salicylaldimine)-diethylenetriamine | 1196696-30-6 | C11H16ClN3O |
| —— | (2,3-Dihydroxy-5-trityl-phenyl)-phosphonic acid diisopropyl ester | 43207-94-9 | C31H33O5P |
| —— | 2,5-Dichloro-3,6-bis-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-benzene-1,4-diol | 29100-02-5 | C14H22Cl2N2O2 |
| —— | [2-Bromo-4-[2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxyethyl]phenoxy]-tert-butyl-dimethylsilane | 1044264-46-1 | C20H37BrO2Si2 |
| —— | 3-(2-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenylethynyl)-2-methylcyclohex-2-enone | 1189354-45-7 | C17H18O2 |
| —— | 91557-99-2 | C12H16N2O3 | |
| —— | diethyl (2,5-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylphenyl)phosphonate | 1420992-00-2 | C12H19O5P |
| —— | 3-(2-hydroxy-benzyl)-5-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-4-methyl-3H-thiazole-2-thione | 42784-67-8 | C13H15NO2S2 |
| —— | <hydroxy-4 methoxy-3 phenyl>-3 (phenylthio)-3 propanethioate de S-phenyle | 111248-34-1 | C22H20O3S2 |
| —— | 3-(4-hydroxy-2-n-propylphenylethynyl)-2-methylcyclopent-2-enone | 1155202-89-3 | C17H18O2 |
| —— | 5-(1-Methyl-4-pyridin-4-yl-butyl)-benzene-1,3-diol | 77412-65-8 | C16H19NO2 |
| —— | 2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-4-thiomethoxymethyl-phenol | 5366-31-4 | C12H18OS |
| —— | 2,6-Dibromo-4-nitro-phenol; compound with 2-dimethylamino-N,N-dimethyl-acetamide | 25108-82-1 | C6H3Br2NO3*C6H14N2O |