酚类是一大类化合物,它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基(-OH)直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。
结构与分类酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同,可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类:
酚类可以通过多种途径制备:
尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景,但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。
以上是对酚类的简单介绍,涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 3-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol | —— | C10H12O3 |
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—— | 2-bromo-4-amino-5-fluorophenol | —— | C6H5BrFNO |
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—— | (2,3-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-(1,2,3-trimethoxy-8,9-dihydro-7H-benzocyclohepten-5-yl)-methanone | —— | C22H24O7 |
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—— | (2E,5E)-2-[(4-tert-butylphenyl)methylidene]-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]cyclopentan-1-one | —— | C24H26O3 |
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—— | 5-tert-butyl-N'-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-thien-2ylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-3(2H)-carboximidamide | —— | C25H32N6OS3 |
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—— | (E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-((3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)acrylonitrile | —— | C19H19NO7S |
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—— | 10-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-decanoic acid | —— | C17H26O4 |
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—— | 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)oxetan-3-ol | —— | C9H10O3 |
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—— | 1-oxyl-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-imidazoline | —— | C14H19N2O3 |
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—— | 4,4'-(((bis(2-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-silanediyl)bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))diphenol | —— | C38H44O8Si |
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—— | 4-hydroxy-α,2-dimethylbenzenemethanol | —— | C9H12O2 |
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—— | diethyl 4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate | —— | C21H27NO7 |
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—— | 3,4,5-trihydroxy-N'-(3-((2-methoxybenzyl)oxy)benzylidene)benzohydrazide | —— | C22H20N2O6 |
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—— | (E)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-N'-(3-(2-methoxybenzyloxy)phenylmethylidene)benzohydrazide | —— | C22H20N2O6 |
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—— | m-Chlorbenzaldehyd-O-(5-chlor-2-hydroxybenzyl)-oxim | —— | C14H11Cl2NO2 |
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—— | methyl 2-(2-hydroxy-5-ethoxyphenyl)acetate | —— | C11H14O4 |
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—— | 2-(((2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl)amino)methyl)-4-methoxyphenol | —— | C15H18N2O2 |
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—— | (4-hydroxy-phenyl)-thiocarbamic acid <i>O</i>-butyl ester | —— | C11H15NO2S |
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—— | 3-chloro-4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde-semicarbazone | —— | C8H8ClN3O2 |
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—— | thio-m-cresol | —— | C7H6OS |
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—— | bis-o-aminothio-phenol | —— | C6H7NOS |
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—— | 3-chloro-4-octyloxyphenol | —— | C14H21ClO2 |
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—— | (+/-)-para-hydroxytranylcypromine | —— | C9H11NO |
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—— | 4-(2-aminooxy-ethyl)-phenol | —— | C8H11NO2 |
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—— | 4-{[5,6-dimethyl-7-(3-morpholin-4-yl-propyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-hydrazonomethyl}-2-nitro-phenol | —— | C22H27N7O4 |
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—— | trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-5 nonenamide | —— | C18H27NO3 |
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—— | (Z)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-2-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)-propenal | —— | C17H16O5 |
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—— | 4-(hydroxyethyl)-1,2-diacetoxybenzene | —— | C12H14O5 |
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—— | 5-(3-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-(phenylimino)-3-(pyridine-4-ylmethyl)thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C22H17N3O2S |
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—— | p-(2-(butoxycarbonyloxy)-propoxy)-phenol | —— | C14H20O5 |
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—— | 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(2-hydroxybenzylidenamino)ethanol | —— | C9H8Cl3NO2 |
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—— | bis(p-tolyl) α-butylsulfonylamino-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylphosphonate | —— | C26H32NO7PS |
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—— | 25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxy-5,11,17,23-tetrakis(1-methylpropyl)calix[4]arene | —— | C44H56O4 |
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—— | 4-[4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)butyl]phenol | —— | C16H18O2 |
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—— | 3,4,5-trihydroxy-N'-(4-((3-methoxybenzyl)oxy)benzylidene)benzohydrazide | —— | C22H20N2O6 |
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—— | (E)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-N'-(4-(3-methoxybenzyloxy)phenylmethylidene)benzohydrazide | —— | C22H20N2O6 |
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—— | N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-5-(3-isopropyloxiran-2-yl)-pentanamide | —— | C18H27NO4 |
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—— | 5-ethoxycarbonyl-1,6-dimethyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one | —— | C16H20N2O5 |
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—— | (E)-1-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone O-phenyloxime | —— | C14H13NO3 |
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—— | 2-chlororesorcinol dimethyl ether | —— | C2H6O*C6H5ClO2 |
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—— | (R)-4-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-methoxyphenol | —— | C9H12O3 |
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—— | N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-(2S)-ethoxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propylamine | —— | C16H25NO4 |
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—— | methyl (Z)-12-((Z)-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzylideneamino)octadec-9-enoate | —— | C28H45NO5 |
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—— | N'-(benzylidene)galloyl hydrazide | —— | C14H12N2O4 |
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—— | prop-2-yn-1-yl 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetate | —— | C11H10O4 |
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—— | 4-chloro-2,6-bis-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenol | —— | C16H21ClO |
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—— | 5-[2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-1-oxy-pyridin-3-yl]-[1,3]-thiazol-4-yl]-3-nitrobenzene-1,2-diol | —— | C15H8F3N3O5S |
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—— | (Z)-4-benzyloxy-1-(2-methoxy-6-hydroxy)phenoxybut-2-ene | —— | C18H20O4 |
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—— | 2-Chloro-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-amino-phenol | —— | C6H3ClF3NO |
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—— | 4-Heptylaminomethyl-2,6-dimethoxy-phenol | —— | C16H27NO3 |
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