酚类是一大类化合物,它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基(-OH)直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。
结构与分类酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同,可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类:
酚类可以通过多种途径制备:
尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景,但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。
以上是对酚类的简单介绍,涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 3,6-dihydroxy-2-methyl-benzyl alcohol | —— | C8H10O3 |
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—— | 2-methoxy-5-(5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)isoxazol-4-yl)phenol | —— | C19H19NO6 |
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—— | 2-methyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenol | —— | C12H16O3 |
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—— | 2-(1,1-dimethylallyl)-5-methoxyhydroquinone | —— | C12H16O3 |
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—— | 2',5'-dihydroxy-2-thienylchalcone | —— | C13H10O3S |
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—— | 2',5'-dihydroxy-2-furfurylchalcone | —— | C13H10O4 |
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—— | all-trans-1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-2,4-dienepentan-1-one | —— | C17H14O3 |
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—— | (E)-1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)-2-propen-1-one | —— | C14H11NO3 |
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—— | 2,3-Dihydroxy-N-{2-[((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-methoxy-2,2-dimethylperhydrofuro[3,4-d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methoxy]ethyl}-5-nitrobenzamide | —— | C18H24N2O10 |
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—— | N-(2-Methoxyethyl)-2,3-dihydroxy-5-nitrobenzamide | —— | C10H12N2O6 |
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—— | 2,3-Dihydroxy-5-nitro-N-{2-[((2R,3R,4R)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methoxy]ethyl}benzamide | —— | C14H18N2O10 |
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—— | 4-hydroxy-phenylcarbamic acid 2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl ester | —— | C11H10N2O5 |
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—— | 5,17-bis-(chloromethyl)-11,23-di-tert-butylcalix<4>arene-25,26,27,28-tetrol | —— | C38H42Cl2O4 |
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—— | 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid | —— | C16H11NO4 |
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—— | 4,6-difluororesorcinol | —— | C6H4F2O2 |
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—— | 5-methoxy-2-(5-(2-methylfuran-3-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenol | —— | C14H12N2O4 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol | —— | C9H12O4 |
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—— | 4-(2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-but-2-enal | —— | C13H16O2 |
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—— | 2-({4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)ethyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}thio)-2-methylpropionic acid tert-butyl ester | —— | C19H25NO4S2 |
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—— | p-C6H4(NH2)OH(1+) | —— | C6H7NO |
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—— | 6-amino-2-bromo-3,4-dimethyl-phenol | —— | C8H10BrNO |
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—— | 2-[N-(2-hydroxycyclohexyl)amino]-4,5-dimethylphenol | —— | C14H21NO2 |
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—— | (E)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C15H13NO3 |
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—— | methyl 2-(tert-butoxy)-2-(4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3-nitrophenyl)acetate | —— | C15H21NO6 |
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—— | 3-methyl-4-(p-tolylamino)phenol | —— | C14H15NO |
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—— | butyl(4-hydroxyphenyl)tellane | —— | C10H14OTe |
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—— | N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-epi-aminoquercitol | —— | C14H21NO6 |
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—— | 4,6-dichloro-2-hexyl-5-methoxybenzene-1,3-diol | —— | C13H18Cl2O3 |
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—— | 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenylthio)pentane-2,4-dione | —— | C13H16O3S |
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—— | 4-(3',5'-dimethyl-4'-hydroxybenzyl)imidazole | —— | C12H14N2O |
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—— | 4-[(dodecylselanyl)methyl]-2,6-dimethylphenol | —— | C21H36OSe |
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—— | 4-(2,2-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)ethyl)-2,6-dimethylphenol | —— | C12H12F6O5S2 |
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—— | 5-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-5H-dibenzo[b,d]thiophenium bromide | —— | Br*C20H17OS |
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—— | 4-(1-hydroxy-1-ethoxycarbonyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,6-dimethylphenol | —— | C13H15F3O4 |
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—— | 4,9-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,4,8,9-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-g]chromene-2,5,7,10-tetraone | —— | C26H20O10 |
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—— | 4-(4-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole | —— | C9H8N4OS |
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—— | (E)-6-(2-chloro-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-4-hexenoic acid | —— | C16H21ClO4 |
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—— | (E)-6-(5-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-4-hexenoic acid | —— | C16H22O4 |
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—— | N-4-t-butylbenzoyl-N-{2-[4-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-methylphenoxy]ethyl}-4-chloro-1,3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolecarboxamide | —— | C30H38ClN3O4 |
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—— | 4-methoxy-2-(2,4-dimethylpenta-2,4-dienylsulfanyl)phenol | —— | C14H18O2S |
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—— | 4-methyl-2-(2,4-dimethylpenta-2,4-dienylsulfanyl)phenol | —— | C14H18OS |
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—— | methyl 3-oxo-4-(2,4-dibromo-3,6-dihydroxyphenyl)butanoate | —— | C11H10Br2O5 |
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—— | 2-(1-ethoxycarbonyl-2-p-methoxyphenylaminopropen-1-yl)-3,5-dibromohydroquinone | —— | C19H19Br2NO5 |
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—— | 6-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7H-thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazin-7-one | —— | C18H12BrN3O3S |
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—— | 3-allyl-5-(3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C13H10BrNO2S2 |
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—— | 2,3-difluoro-4-hydroxy-4'-pentyl-p-terphenyl | —— | C23H24F2O |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-1-(1-piperidinylmethyl)-benzocyclobutene | —— | C14H17NO |
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—— | 2-methoxy-4-((E)-2-(4-((E)-4-methoxystyryl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)vinyl)phenol | —— | C20H19N3O3 |
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—— | trans-3-phenyl-5(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-pyrazoline | —— | C15H14N2O |
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—— | 2,4-dichlorothiophenol | —— | C6H4Cl2OS2 |
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