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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— lithium laurate 14622-13-0 C12H23O2*Li
    lithium laurate
    —— 7-fluoro-6-methoxyisoquinolin-1(2H)-one 630422-98-9 C10H8FNO2
    7-fluoro-6-methoxyisoquinolin-1(2H)-one
    —— (+)-sulfo-succinic acid 5138-18-1 C4H6O7S
    (+)-sulfo-succinic acid
    —— 5-nitroorotic acid potassium salt monohydrate 60779-49-9 C5H2N3O6*H2O*K
    5-nitroorotic acid potassium salt monohydrate
    —— 4',5''-diacetyldibenzo-18-crown-6 67722-65-0 C24H28O8
    4',5''-diacetyldibenzo-18-crown-6
    —— 4-[benzoyl(methyl)amino]pentan-2-yl benzoate 1519029-23-2 C20H23NO3
    4-[benzoyl(methyl)amino]pentan-2-yl benzoate
    —— CIS,CIS,TRANS-1,2,4-TRIMETHYLCYCLOPENTANE 4850-28-6 C8H16
    CIS,CIS,TRANS-1,2,4-TRIMETHYLCYCLOPENTANE
    —— Ethyltriphenylgerman 2945-45-1 C20H20Ge
    Ethyltriphenylgerman
    —— 4,4'-Bipyridylium 553-26-4 C10H10N2
    4,4'-Bipyridylium
    —— 2-bromo-4-chloro-3,6-dimethoxyaniline 252044-81-8 C8H9BrClNO2
    2-bromo-4-chloro-3,6-dimethoxyaniline
    —— 2-(vinyloxy)ethyl 1-adamantanecarboxylate 219774-72-8 C15H22O3
    2-(vinyloxy)ethyl 1-adamantanecarboxylate
    —— [2-tert-butoxy-(S)-1-formylethyl]carbamic cid tert-butyl ester 439685-20-8 C12H23NO4
    [2-tert-butoxy-(S)-1-formylethyl]carbamic cid tert-butyl ester
    —— methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-heptylbenzoate 6121-77-3 C15H22O4
    methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-heptylbenzoate
    —— 5-bromo-6-chloro-1H-indazole-3-amine 1279849-37-4 C7H5BrClN3
    5-bromo-6-chloro-1H-indazole-3-amine
    —— 1-bromo-4-ethyloctane 306972-63-4 C10H21Br
    1-bromo-4-ethyloctane
    —— 4-bromo-6-nitro-1H-indole 885520-47-8 C8H5BrN2O2
    4-bromo-6-nitro-1H-indole
    —— (+/-)-trans-1-methylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 13185-53-0 C9H14O4
    (+/-)-trans-1-methylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
    —— 3,6-dimethyl-5-nitrouracil 27889-92-5 C6H7N3O4
    3,6-dimethyl-5-nitrouracil
    —— N-(2,4,6-Trichlorophenyl)benzenesulfonamide 351027-75-3 C12H8Cl3NO2S
    N-(2,4,6-Trichlorophenyl)benzenesulfonamide
    —— 1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,4-difluoropiperidine-2-carboxylic acid 1221793-42-5 C11H17F2NO4
    1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,4-difluoropiperidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— tert-butyl 3-bromo-5-fluorobenzylcarbamate 1177558-40-5 C12H15BrFNO2
    tert-butyl 3-bromo-5-fluorobenzylcarbamate
    —— (+/-)-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-α-methylphenylalanine 86778-91-8 C15H21NO4
    (+/-)-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-α-methylphenylalanine
    —— (S<sub>C</sub>R<sub>S</sub>)-L-methionine sulfoxide 3226-66-2 C5H11NO3S
    (S<sub>C</sub>R<sub>S</sub>)-L-methionine sulfoxide
    —— 2-bromo-6-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde 1289029-82-8 C9H10BrNO
    2-bromo-6-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde
    —— cis-Sabinylacetat 53833-85-5 C12H18O2
    cis-Sabinylacetat
    —— 2,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzaldehyde 251654-46-3 C10H12O3
    2,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzaldehyde
    —— 2-aminoethylbenzimidazole dihydrochloride 112947-93-0 C9H11N3*2ClH
    2-aminoethylbenzimidazole dihydrochloride
    —— N-Phenyl-alaninmethylester 66791-63-7 C10H13NO2
    N-Phenyl-alaninmethylester
    —— (3S)-3-methyl-hex-5-enoic acid 96864-27-6 C7H12O2
    (3S)-3-methyl-hex-5-enoic acid
    —— 4-[(2Z)-2-(2-oxonaphthalen-1-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzenesulfonic acid 573-89-7 C16H12N2O4S
    4-[(2Z)-2-(2-oxonaphthalen-1-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzenesulfonic acid
    —— 4,4′-(2,5-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy))-1,4-phenylenebipyridine 1186466-82-9 C20H20N2O4
    4,4′-(2,5-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy))-1,4-phenylenebipyridine
    —— (4-tert-butylphenyl)diphenylphosphine 92568-86-0 C22H23P
    (4-tert-butylphenyl)diphenylphosphine
    —— bis<4-(dimethylamino)phenyl>phenylphosphine 1100-11-4 C22H25N2P
    bis<4-(dimethylamino)phenyl>phenylphosphine
    —— 2-Bromisovalerylglycin 6940-46-1 C7H12BrNO3
    2-Bromisovalerylglycin
    —— (4R)-4-(2-Carboxyethyl)-3-[(phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]oxazolidin-5-one 97975-57-0 C14H15NO6
    (4R)-4-(2-Carboxyethyl)-3-[(phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]oxazolidin-5-one
    —— (2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) diphenylphosphine oxide 185685-09-0 C19H14F3OP
    (2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) diphenylphosphine oxide
    —— hexane-2,5-diol 2935-44-6 C6H14O2
    hexane-2,5-diol
    —— 2-Heptyl-decansaeure 53705-90-1 C17H34O2
    2-Heptyl-decansaeure
    —— 4,4,4-trifluorobutenol acetate 728040-39-9 C6H7F3O2
    4,4,4-trifluorobutenol acetate
    —— 15-hydroxypentadecan-2-one 501666-53-1 C15H30O2
    15-hydroxypentadecan-2-one
    —— 2-<(4R)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl>-2-propanol 82268-15-3 C8H16O3
    2-<(4R)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl>-2-propanol
    —— 4-isopropoxystyrene 128761-28-4 C11H14O
    4-isopropoxystyrene
    —— 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1<i>H</i>-4<i>r</i>,7<i>c</i>-methano-indene 77-73-6 C10H12
    3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1<i>H</i>-4<i>r</i>,7<i>c</i>-methano-indene
    —— (3a<i>c</i>,7a<i>c</i>)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1<i>H</i>-4<i>r</i>,7<i>c</i>-methano-indene 77-73-6 C10H12
    (3a<i>c</i>,7a<i>c</i>)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1<i>H</i>-4<i>r</i>,7<i>c</i>-methano-indene
    —— 2-chloro-9-bromoanthracene 84065-21-4 C14H8BrCl
    2-chloro-9-bromoanthracene
    —— potassium anilinoacetate 19525-59-8 C8H8NO2*K
    potassium anilinoacetate
    —— GSK-2982772 1622848-92-3 C20H19N5O3
    GSK-2982772
    —— (S)-5-benzyl-N-(5-methyl-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,4]oxazepin-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide 1622848-92-3 C20H19N5O3
    (S)-5-benzyl-N-(5-methyl-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,4]oxazepin-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide
    —— (1S,2S)-1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-diamine 58520-04-0 C16H20N2O2
    (1S,2S)-1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-diamine
    —— (tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octadionato))ytterbium(III) 18323-96-1 C30H30F21O6Yb
    (tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octadionato))ytterbium(III)