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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-2,3-butadien-1-one 1223611-94-6 C10H7FO
    1-(3-fluorophenyl)-2,3-butadien-1-one
    —— N-(cyclopentyl)benzimidazole 1205608-47-4 C12H14N2
    N-(cyclopentyl)benzimidazole
    —— 3-(diphenylphosphoryl)propionic acid 29874-10-0 C15H15O3P
    3-(diphenylphosphoryl)propionic acid
    —— tetrakis[(4-formylphenoxy)methyl]methane 381670-43-5 C33H28O8
    tetrakis[(4-formylphenoxy)methyl]methane
    —— 4,7-bis(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-5,6-diamine 1104196-54-4 C42H32N6S
    4,7-bis(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-5,6-diamine
    —— triphenylene-2,6,10-tricarboxylic acid 239455-23-3 C21H12O6
    triphenylene-2,6,10-tricarboxylic acid
    —— methyl D-arabinofuranoside 56607-40-0 C6H12O5
    methyl D-arabinofuranoside
    —— 1,2-Bis[(2S,5S)-2,5-diethylphospholano]benzene(1,5-cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate 213343-64-7 C30H48BF4P2Rh-
    1,2-Bis[(2S,5S)-2,5-diethylphospholano]benzene(1,5-cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate
    —— (trans-4-Propylcyclohexyl)benzene 61203-94-9 C15H22
    (trans-4-Propylcyclohexyl)benzene
    —— 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one 86383-39-3 C17H18O4
    3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one
    —— 2-ethylhexyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy)phenylpropanoate 144429-84-5 C25H42O3
    2-ethylhexyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy)phenylpropanoate
    —— 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)methoxy ethyl butyrate 388109-23-7 C10H18O5
    4-(ethoxycarbonyl)methoxy ethyl butyrate
    —— (R)-α-methyl-4-nitrobenzylamine hydrochloride 57233-86-0 C8H10N2O2*ClH
    (R)-α-methyl-4-nitrobenzylamine hydrochloride
    —— 3-(((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)methyl)-1,3-dimethylindolin-2-one 1613024-17-1 C18H19NO4S
    3-(((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)methyl)-1,3-dimethylindolin-2-one
    —— 3-amino-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride 124082-17-3 C11H15NO3*ClH
    3-amino-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride
    —— N-3-tolyl 3,5-dinitrobenzamide 36293-08-0 C14H11N3O5
    N-3-tolyl 3,5-dinitrobenzamide
    —— 2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-oxoacetaldehyde 56750-80-2 C10H10O2
    2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-oxoacetaldehyde
    —— N-benzyl-3,5-dinitrobenzamide 14401-98-0 C14H11N3O5
    N-benzyl-3,5-dinitrobenzamide
    —— 2-(β,β-dichloroethenyl)-5-methoxybenzoic acid 586415-11-4 C10H8Cl2O3
    2-(β,β-dichloroethenyl)-5-methoxybenzoic acid
    —— 5-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 547762-39-0 C10H14N2O4
    5-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (R)-3-hydroxy-N-phenylbutanamide 124095-27-8 C10H13NO2
    (R)-3-hydroxy-N-phenylbutanamide
    —— (S)-3-hydroxy-N-phenylbutanamide 61444-22-2 C10H13NO2
    (S)-3-hydroxy-N-phenylbutanamide
    —— 1,1′-ferrocenediboronic acid 12152-94-2 C10H12B2FeO4
    1,1′-ferrocenediboronic acid
    —— 1-bromo-4-neopentylbenzene 51991-28-7 C11H15Br
    1-bromo-4-neopentylbenzene
    —— 3-bromo-5-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid 118276-15-6 C7H4BrClO3
    3-bromo-5-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid
    —— tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) * CHCl3 52522-40-4 CHCl3*C51H42O3Pd2
    tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) * CHCl3
    —— (S)-N-[1-(3-aminophenyl)ethyl]-6-chloropyrazin-2-amine 1027255-35-1 C12H13ClN4
    (S)-N-[1-(3-aminophenyl)ethyl]-6-chloropyrazin-2-amine
    —— 1-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole 136118-56-4 C8H17N3OSi
    1-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole
    —— (3-(1-Pyrrolidinylmethyl)phenyl)magnesi 480424-79-1 C11H14BrMgN
    (3-(1-Pyrrolidinylmethyl)phenyl)magnesi
    —— p-Methoxy-phenacyl-oxyessigsaeure; 3-Oxa-5-oxo-5-p-anisyl-pentansaeure 18801-06-4 C11H12O5
    p-Methoxy-phenacyl-oxyessigsaeure; 3-Oxa-5-oxo-5-p-anisyl-pentansaeure
    —— pentaiodobenzoic acid 64385-02-0 C7HI5O2
    pentaiodobenzoic acid
    —— 2-Carboxy-3-methyl-butylamin 16934-21-7 C6H13NO2
    2-Carboxy-3-methyl-butylamin
    —— KHCO2*HCO2H 590-29-4 2CHO2*H*K
    KHCO2*HCO2H
    —— 3-Chlor-2-methyl-acrylonitril 10329-37-0 C4H4ClN
    3-Chlor-2-methyl-acrylonitril
    —— cis-4-Oxo-1,2-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester 156293-34-4 C11H16O5
    cis-4-Oxo-1,2-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
    —— 5-Chlormethyl-7-chlor-s-triazolo<1.5-α>pyrimidin 63882-72-4 C6H4Cl2N4
    5-Chlormethyl-7-chlor-s-triazolo<1.5-α>pyrimidin
    —— 20,24-diamino-2,3,11,12-dibenzo-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadeca-2,11-diene 31406-52-7 C20H26N2O6
    20,24-diamino-2,3,11,12-dibenzo-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadeca-2,11-diene
    —— 2,6-difluoro-3-nitrophenol 1393179-72-0 C6H3F2NO3
    2,6-difluoro-3-nitrophenol
    —— tert-butyl (5-amino-2-chlorobenzyl)carbamate 515824-50-7 C12H17ClN2O2
    tert-butyl (5-amino-2-chlorobenzyl)carbamate
    —— tris(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)phosphine 53218-00-1 C54H42P4
    tris(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)phosphine
    —— 2-cyano-4-nitro-N-methylaniline 85020-87-7 C8H7N3O2
    2-cyano-4-nitro-N-methylaniline
    —— niobium pentapropylate 38874-17-8 5C3H7O*Nb
    niobium pentapropylate
    —— (2-amino-4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexylmethanone 916510-26-4 C13H16ClNO
    (2-amino-4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexylmethanone
    —— tert-butyl ((1S,3R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentyl)carbamate 664341-72-4 C11H21NO3
    tert-butyl ((1S,3R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentyl)carbamate
    —— 2-(4-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethan-1-ol 747354-44-5 C11H16N4O3
    2-(4-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethan-1-ol
    —— (S)-tert-butyl 1-(4-chloropyridin-2-yl)but-3-enylcarbamate 1329171-69-8 C14H19ClN2O2
    (S)-tert-butyl 1-(4-chloropyridin-2-yl)but-3-enylcarbamate
    —— 3-Pentanone, 1,5-bis(diphenylphosphinyl)- 477566-16-8 C29H28O3P2
    3-Pentanone, 1,5-bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-
    —— ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase 9027-23-0 —— ——
    —— thymidylate synthase (FAD) 9031-61-2 —— ——
    —— thymidylate synthase 9031-61-2 —— ——