有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-(2-氯乙酰胺基)噻唑 | 2-chloro-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)acetamide | 5448-49-7 | C5H5ClN2OS |
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2-(2-氯乙酰氨基)-5-硝基-2’-氯二苯甲酮 | 2-(2-chloroacetamido)-5-nitro-2'-chlorobenzophenone | 180854-85-7 | C15H10Cl2N2O4 |
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2-(2-氯乙氧基)苯磺酰胺 | 2-(2'-chloroethoxy)-benzenesulfonamide | 82097-01-6 | C8H10ClNO3S |
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2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙酸甲酯 | methyl 2-(2-chloroethoxy)acetate | 83881-47-4 | C5H9ClO3 |
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2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙酸乙酯 | 2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate | 14258-40-3 | C6H11ClO3 |
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2-(2-氯-6-氟苄基硫)乙基胺 | 2-(2-Chloro-6-fluorobenzylthio)ethylamine | 175136-76-2 | C9H11ClFNS |
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2-(2-氨基苯硫基)-苯甲酸 | 2-((2-aminophenyl)thio)benzoic acid | 54920-98-8 | C13H11NO2S |
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2-(2-氨基苯基)苯并咪唑 | 2-(aminophenyl)benzimidazole | 5805-39-0 | C13H11N3 |
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2-(2-氨基苯基)联苯 | [1,1':2',1''-terphenyl]-2-amine | 56970-23-1 | C18H15N |
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2-(2-氨基苯基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | [(2-aminophenyl)ethyl]carbamic acid tert-butyl ester | 180147-34-6 | C13H20N2O2 |
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2-(2-氨基苯基)-2-羟基乙酸钠 | Sodium 2-(2-aminophenyl)-2-hydroxyacetate | 39588-85-7 | C8H8NNaO3 |
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2-(2-氨基噻唑-5-基)乙醇 | 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol | 105773-93-1 | C5H8N2OS |
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2-(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)乙醛酸 | 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-oxoacetic acid | 73150-67-1 | C5H4N2O3S |
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2-(2-氨基乙基)苯酚 | o-tyramine | 2039-66-9 | C8H11NO |
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2-(2-氨基-乙基)-苯胺 | 2-(2-aminoethyl)aniline | 48108-93-6 | C8H12N2 |
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2-(2-氨基-4-氯苯氧基)-5-氯苯磺酸 | 2-(2-amino-4-chloro-phenoxy)-5-chloro-benzenesulfonic acid | 42293-27-6 | C12H9Cl2NO4S |
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2-(2-氨乙基)苯并咪唑二盐酸盐 | 2-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine dihydrochloride | 4499-07-4 | C9H13Cl2N3 |
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2-(2-氨乙基)-1,3-二氧戊环 | 2-[1,3]dioxolan-2-yl-ethylamine | 5754-35-8 | C5H11NO2 |
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2-(2-氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酰肼 | 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetohydrazide | 59776-89-5 | C6H11N3O2 |
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2-(2-氧-1-咪唑烷基)乙基甲基丙烯酸 | 2-(2-oxoimidazolidinyl)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate | 86261-90-7 | C9H14N2O3 |
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2-(2-氟苯基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶 | 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine | 89075-43-4 | C12H8FN3 |
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2-(2-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)乙酸 | 2-(2-fluoro-5-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid | 798563-50-5 | C9H9FO3 |
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2-(2-氟-4-碘苯胺)-3,4-二氟苯甲酸 | 3,4-difluoro-2-(2-fluoro-4-iodo-phenylamino)-benzoic acid | 391211-97-5 | C13H7F3INO2 |
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2-(2-异丁酰胺-6-氧代-1H-嘌呤-9(6h)-基)乙酸 | N<sup>2</sup>-isobutyryl-9-(carboxymethyl)guanine | 172405-20-8 | C11H13N5O4 |
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2-(2-噻吩基)乙基苯磺酸酯 | 2-(thiophene-2-yl)ethyl benzenesulfonate | 85567-51-7 | C12H12O3S2 |
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2-(2-咪唑基)乙醇 | 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanol | 51036-79-4 | C5H8N2O |
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2-(2-吡啶基氨基)乙基二甲基胺 | N,N-dimethyl-N'-(pyridine-2-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine | 23826-72-4 | C9H15N3 |
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2-(2-吡啶-2-基苯基)吡啶 | 1,2-di(pyridin-2-yl)benzene | 74764-52-6 | C16H12N2 |
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2-(2-吡咯基)乙胺 | 2-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)ethanamine | 40808-62-6 | C6H10N2 |
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2-(2-叔-丁氧基乙氧基)乙醇 | diethylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether | 110-09-8 | C8H18O3 |
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2-(2-十七烷基-4,5-二氢咪唑-1-基)乙胺 | 2-aminoethyl-2-heptadecylimidazoline | 3010-23-9 | C22H45N3 |
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2-(2-二甲胺乙基)-5-甲基-吡唑-3-基胺 | 2-fluoro-6-methoxybenzoic acid | 137654-21-8 | C8H7FO3 |
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2-(2-二氟甲基苯基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷 | (2-(difluoromethyl)phenyl)boronic acid | 879275-70-4 | C7H7BF2O2 |
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2-(2-乙酰肼基)-7-氯-5-苯基-2H-1,4-苯并二氮杂卓 | 7-chloro-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-benzo[<i>e</i>][1,4]diazepin-2-one acetylhydrazone | 28910-89-6 | C17H15ClN4O |
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2-(2-乙酰氧基乙基磺基基甲基磺酰基)乙基乙酸酯 | Ethanol, 2,2'-(methylenebis(sulfonyl))bis-, diacetate | 39227-09-3 | C9H16O8S2 |
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2-(2-乙氧基苯氧基)乙基胺 | 2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-ethylamine | 6781-17-5 | C10H15NO2 |
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2-(2-乙氧基苯基)-5-甲基-7-丙基-3H-咪唑并[5,1-f][1,2,4]三嗪-4-酮 | 2-(2-ethoxy-phenyl)-5-methyl-7-propyl-3H-imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-one | 224789-21-3 | C17H20N4O2 |
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2-(2-乙氧基吡啶-3-氧基)乙醇 | 2-[(2-ethoxy-3-pyridinyl)oxy]ethanol | 313657-94-2 | C9H13NO3 |
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2-(2-乙氧基-苯氧基)-乙醇 | 2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethanol | 3250-73-5 | C10H14O3 |
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2-(2-乙基己基)-6,7-二甲氧基-1H-苯基(脱)异喹啉-1,3(2H)-二酮 | 2-(2-ethylhexyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1H-benz(de)isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | 56148-88-0 | C22H27NO4 |
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2-(2-乙基-6-羟基-1-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-2-基)乙酸 | 2-(2-ethyl-6-hydroxy-1-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)acetic acid | 1414797-94-6 | C14H16O4 |
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2-(2-乙基-1-氧代-6-(((三氟甲基)磺酰基)氧基)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-2-基)乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(2-ethyl-1-oxo-6-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)acetate | 1414797-96-8 | C17H19F3O6S |
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2-(2-丙氧乙氧基)乙醇 | 2-[2-(n-propoxy)ethoxy]ethanol | 6881-94-3 | C7H16O3 |
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2-(2-(对甲苯磺酰基氨基)苯基)-4H-3,1-苯并恶嗪-4-酮 | 4-methyl-N-[2-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]benzenesulfonamide | 3808-20-6 | C21H16N2O4S |
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2-(2-(6-溴己氧基)乙氧基甲基)-1,3-二氯苯 | 2-[2-(6-bromohexyloxy)ethoxymethyl]-1,3-dichlorobenzene | 503070-57-3 | C15H21BrCl2O2 |
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2-(2-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基)乙酸 | 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenylacetic acid | 25563-04-6 | C14H11ClO3 |
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2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙酸 | 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)etoxy]acetic acid | 16024-58-1 | C7H14O5 |
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2-(2-(2-氨基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙酸 | 2-(2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy)acetic acid | 134978-97-5 | C6H13NO4 |
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2-(2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙胺 | 2-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethylamine | 145373-80-4 | C8H19NO3 |
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2-(2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-6-氧代-1H-嘌呤-9(6H)-基)乙酸 | [N<sup>2</sup>-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)guanidin-9-yl]acetic acid | 1028077-12-4 | C12H15N5O5 |
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