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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2,1,3-oxadiazoledicarboxylic acid 48113-77-5 C4H2N2O5
    2,1,3-oxadiazoledicarboxylic acid
    —— N-Acetyl-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)-L-alanine 324028-18-4 C11H10F3NO3
    N-Acetyl-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)-L-alanine
    —— 4,4'-dibromo-7,7'-dimethoxy-1,1'-spirobiindane 636601-26-8 C19H18Br2O2
    4,4'-dibromo-7,7'-dimethoxy-1,1'-spirobiindane
    —— 7,7'-dimethoxy-1,1'-spirobiindane 636601-25-7 C19H20O2
    7,7'-dimethoxy-1,1'-spirobiindane
    —— {2-[(cyclopropylmethyl)oxy]phenyl}methanol 1039931-23-1 C11H14O2
    {2-[(cyclopropylmethyl)oxy]phenyl}methanol
    —— bis<(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethyl>phenylphosphine 136667-81-7 C34H57P3
    bis<(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethyl>phenylphosphine
    —— 1-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-2-bromo-propan-1-one 100125-88-0 C11H13BrO
    1-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-2-bromo-propan-1-one
    —— 4-chloro-1-phenyl-3-nitro-2(1H)-quinolone 110254-64-3 C15H9ClN2O3
    4-chloro-1-phenyl-3-nitro-2(1H)-quinolone
    —— 4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl)benzylamine hydrochloride 253308-23-5 C9H9N3S*ClH
    4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl)benzylamine hydrochloride
    —— Sodium tellurate 10101-83-4 Na2TeO4
    Sodium tellurate
    —— Methyl 3-cyclopropylpropanoate 62021-34-5 C7H12O2
    Methyl 3-cyclopropylpropanoate
    —— 3-Oxovaleriansaeurenitril 33279-01-5 C6H7NO2
    3-Oxovaleriansaeurenitril
    —— (S)-2-(4-methylphenyl)-3-methylbutanoic acid 55332-35-9 C12H16O2
    (S)-2-(4-methylphenyl)-3-methylbutanoic acid
    —— 3-(5-nitro-furan-2-yl)-isoxazol-5-ylamine 33857-00-0 C7H5N3O4
    3-(5-nitro-furan-2-yl)-isoxazol-5-ylamine
    —— (Z)-2-chloro-3-(hydroxymethylene)cyclohex-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde 61010-04-6 C8H9ClO2
    (Z)-2-chloro-3-(hydroxymethylene)cyclohex-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde
    —— N<sup>α</sup>-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D,L-p-ethylphenylalanine 110762-15-7 C16H23NO4
    N<sup>α</sup>-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D,L-p-ethylphenylalanine
    —— 5-octylbenzene-1,3-diol 46733-28-2 C14H22O2
    5-octylbenzene-1,3-diol
    —— parsaclisib 1426698-88-5 C20H22ClFN6O2
    parsaclisib
    —— endosulfan sulphate 1031-07-8 C9H6Cl6O4S
    endosulfan sulphate
    —— 6-bromo-5,5,6,6-tetrafluorohexan-1-ol 240140-55-0 C6H9BrF4O
    6-bromo-5,5,6,6-tetrafluorohexan-1-ol
    —— (R)-1-phenylhexan-1-amine 211988-00-0 C12H19N
    (R)-1-phenylhexan-1-amine
    —— N-(2-(perfluorooctyl)ethyl)methacrylamide 117068-30-1 C14H10F17NO
    N-(2-(perfluorooctyl)ethyl)methacrylamide
    —— methyl 3-pentyloctanoate 1443519-62-7 C14H28O2
    methyl 3-pentyloctanoate
    —— 1-quinolin-2-yl-azetidin-3-ol 1340423-65-5 C12H12N2O
    1-quinolin-2-yl-azetidin-3-ol
    —— Bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl]-n-propylamine 30824-25-0 C31H35NP2
    Bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl]-n-propylamine
    —— 3-(2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)propanoic acid 81329-74-0 C11H12O4
    3-(2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)propanoic acid
    —— 1,3-bis(dicyclohexylphosphinomethyl)benzene 161868-97-9 C32H52P2
    1,3-bis(dicyclohexylphosphinomethyl)benzene
    —— 4-(2-amino[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)-2,6-dimethylphenol 1309682-18-5 C14H14N4O
    4-(2-amino[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)-2,6-dimethylphenol
    —— (+/-)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)cyclohex-2-enone 67119-85-1 C9H14O2
    (+/-)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)cyclohex-2-enone
    —— Podocarpic acid 468-78-0 C17H22O3
    Podocarpic acid
    —— (1S)-podocarpic acid 468-78-0 C17H22O3
    (1S)-podocarpic acid
    —— 2-allyl-1H-indene-3(2H)-dione 73583-77-4 C12H10O2
    2-allyl-1H-indene-3(2H)-dione
    —— 1-[4-(furo[3,2-c]pyridin-4-yloxy)-2-methylphenyl]propan-1-one 1609581-18-1 C17H15NO3
    1-[4-(furo[3,2-c]pyridin-4-yloxy)-2-methylphenyl]propan-1-one
    —— Dilithium germanate 12315-28-5 GeLi2O3
    Dilithium germanate
    —— benzyl N-[3-(3a,7a-dihydrobenzotriazol-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl]carbamate 866252-00-8 C17H16N4O3
    benzyl N-[3-(3a,7a-dihydrobenzotriazol-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl]carbamate
    —— 3-(2-methyl-4-nitro-phenoxy)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester 799242-30-1 C17H24N2O5
    3-(2-methyl-4-nitro-phenoxy)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
    —— bis[4-(ethyl-2-(hydroxyethyl)aminocarbonyl)-benzyl]trithiocarbonate 948877-09-6 C25H32N2O4S3
    bis[4-(ethyl-2-(hydroxyethyl)aminocarbonyl)-benzyl]trithiocarbonate
    —— 4-methylcarbonyloxy-4'-hydroxybiphenyl 52189-89-6 C14H12O3
    4-methylcarbonyloxy-4'-hydroxybiphenyl
    —— 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-methylpiperazine 1438279-35-6 C13H20N2
    1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-methylpiperazine
    —— 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenylmethanol 32176-96-8 C10H14O3
    2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenylmethanol
    —— tert-butyl (2-((2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)amino)ethyl)(methyl)carbamate 1345680-97-8 C12H26N2O4
    tert-butyl (2-((2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)amino)ethyl)(methyl)carbamate
    —— tert-butyl 2-cyclopropyl-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-6(7H)carboxylate 1289267-20-4 C14H19N3O2
    tert-butyl 2-cyclopropyl-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-6(7H)carboxylate
    —— 1-(3-bromo-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propan-1-one 2892-30-0 C10H11BrO2
    1-(3-bromo-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propan-1-one
    —— (3S,4S)-3-N-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-fluoropyrrolidine 604798-54-1 C8H15FN2
    (3S,4S)-3-N-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-fluoropyrrolidine
    —— methyldi(o-tolyl)phosphine sulfide 918962-31-9 C15H17PS
    methyldi(o-tolyl)phosphine sulfide
    —— (+)-1,2-bis(di-o-tolylphosphino)ethane 50396-26-4 C30H32P2
    (+)-1,2-bis(di-o-tolylphosphino)ethane
    —— (o-tolyl)2PCCPh 61138-63-4 C22H19P
    (o-tolyl)2PCCPh
    —— Benzenamine, N-[(diphenylphosphinyl)methyl]- 111862-90-9 C19H18NOP
    Benzenamine, N-[(diphenylphosphinyl)methyl]-
    —— (+/-)-syn-2-nitro-1-phenyl-1,3-propanediol 5285-85-8 C9H11NO4
    (+/-)-syn-2-nitro-1-phenyl-1,3-propanediol
    —— [2,5-Dibromo-4-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)phenyl]-piperidin-1-ylmethanone 1050611-59-0 C18H22Br2N2O2
    [2,5-Dibromo-4-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)phenyl]-piperidin-1-ylmethanone