有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(1R)-1-(3-氟苯基)丙烷-1-胺盐酸 | (R)-1-(3-Fluorophenyl)propan-1-amine hydrochloride | 1168139-41-0 | C9H13ClFN |
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(1R)-1-(2-甲基苯基)丙胺盐酸盐 | (R)-1-o-tolylpropylamine hydrochloride | 856562-93-1 | C10H15N*ClH |
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(1R)-1-(2-氯苯基)丙胺盐酸盐 | (R)-1-(2-Chlorophenyl)propan-1-amine hydrochloride | 1213532-54-7 | C9H13Cl2N |
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(1R)-(-)-樟脑醌 | (R)-camphorquinone | 10334-26-6 | C10H14O2 |
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(1R)-(-)-二薄荷基琥珀酸酯 | (-)-Dimethyl succinate | 34212-59-4 | C24H42O4 |
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(1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲基)甲胺 | 1-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-N-methylmethanamine | 98997-01-4 | C9H11N3 |
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(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-乙酸 | 2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)acetic acid | 13570-08-6 | C9H8N2O2 |
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(1H-苯并咪唑-2-亚甲基)胺 | 2-Aminomethylbenzimidazole | 5805-57-2 | C8H9N3 |
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(1H-吲唑-3-基)-N,N-二甲基甲胺 | (1H-indazol-3-ylmethyl)-dimethyl-amine | 142910-86-9 | C10H13N3 |
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(1H-吲哚-5-基氧基)乙酸甲酯 | (1H-indol-5-yloxy)-acetic acid methyl ester | 857261-14-4 | C11H11NO3 |
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(1H-吲哚-2-基)-二苯基-甲醇 | (1H-indol-2-yl)diphenylmethanol | 20538-21-0 | C21H17NO |
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(1H-吡咯-2-基)甲胺盐酸盐 | (1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylamine hydrochloride | 1351479-09-8 | C5H8N2*ClH |
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(1E,4e)-1,5-双(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮 | 1,5-bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadien-3-one | 2051-07-2 | C19H18O3 |
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(1Alpha,2Alpha,5β)-(+-)-5-甲基 | Neomenthol | 2216-52-6 | C10H20O |
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(17beta)-13-乙基-17-羟基-11-亚甲基-4-雌烯-3-酮 | 13-ethyl-17β-hydroxy-11-methylenegona-4-en-3-one | 220332-82-1 | C20H28O2 |
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(17b)-17-羟基-雄甾-4,6-二烯-3-酮 | 6-dehydrotestosterone | 2484-30-2 | C19H26O2 |
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(13Z)-13-二十碳烯酸 | cis-13-eicosenoic acid | 17735-94-3 | C20H38O2 |
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(11bR)-N,N-双[(R)-(-)-1-(2-甲氧基苯基)乙基]二萘并[2,1-D:1',2'-f][1,3,2]二氧磷杂七环-4-胺 | O,O’-((R)-1,1'-dinaphthyl-2'-diyl)-N,N'-di-(R,R)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethylphosphoramidite | 736158-72-8 | C38H34NO4P |
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(10S)-二十九烷-10-醇 | (S)-nonacosan-10-ol | 2606-50-0 | C29H60O |
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(10,13-二甲基-3-氧代-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-十四氢环戊烯并[a]菲-17-基)乙酸酯 | stanolone acetate | 1164-91-6 | C21H32O3 |
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(1-邻甲苯环丙基)甲醇 | (1-(o-tolyl)cyclopropyl)methanol | 886366-30-9 | C11H14O |
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(1-萘)三氟硼酸钾 | potassium trifluoro(naphth-1-yl)borate | 166328-07-0 | C10H7BF3*K |
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(1-苯基吡咯烷-3-基)甲醇 | (1-Phenylpyrrolidin-3-yl)methanol | 99858-80-7 | C11H15NO |
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(1-苯基乙烯基)磷酸 | 1-phenylvinylphosphonic acid | 3220-50-6 | C8H9O3P |
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(1-苯基-4-哌啶基)甲醇 | (1-phenylpiperidin-4-yl)methanol | 697306-45-9 | C12H17NO |
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(1-苄基氮杂啶-2-基)甲胺 | 1-benzyl-2-(aminomethyl)azetidine | 46193-94-6 | C11H16N2 |
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(1-苄基氮杂丁烷-2,4-二基)二甲醇 | cis-N-benzyl-2,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)azetidine | 127310-66-1 | C12H17NO2 |
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(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(1-benzylpiperidine-4-ylidene)acetate | 40110-55-2 | C16H21NO2 |
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(1-苄基-1H-咪唑-2-基)甲醇盐酸盐 | 1-benzyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)imidazole hydrochloride | 5272-57-1 | C11H12N2O*ClH |
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(1-羟基环戊基)苯基乙酸 | α-(1-Hydroxycyclopentyl)phenylessigsaeure | 25209-52-3 | C13H16O3 |
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(1-羟基乙基)膦酸二甲基酯 | dimethyl (1-hydroxyethyl)phosphonate | 10184-66-4 | C4H11O4P |
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(1-羟基乙亚基)二膦酸三氢铵 | azanium,hydroxy-(1-hydroxy-1-phosphonoethyl)phosphinate | 5578-43-8 | C2H11NO7P2 |
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(1-甲醛环丙基)-叔丁氧羰基氨基 | tert-butyl (1-formylcyclopropyl)carbamate | 107259-06-3 | C9H15NO3 |
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(1-甲基萘-4-基)甲醇 | 4-methyl-1-naphthylmethanol | 57322-44-8 | C12H12O |
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(1-甲基环丙基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯 | 1-methylcyclopropyl (4-nitrophenyl)carbonate | 1046817-22-4 | C11H11NO5 |
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(1-甲基哌啶-3-基)2-羟基-2,2-二(苯基)乙酸酯 | 3-Hydroxy-N-methyl-piperidin-benzilsaeure-ester | 3321-80-0 | C20H23NO3 |
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(1-甲基乙基)磺酰氯 | isopropylsulfamoyl chloride | 26118-67-2 | C3H8ClNO2S |
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(1-甲基-4-丙-2-基环己基)乙酸酯 | dihydro-β-terpinyl acetate | 26252-11-9 | C12H22O2 |
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(1-甲基-4-丙-2-亚基环己基)乙酸酯 | 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexanol acetate | 10235-63-9 | C12H20O2 |
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(1-甲基-1H-苯并眯唑-2-基)甲胺 | (1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methanamine | 20028-40-4 | C9H11N3 |
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(1-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)乙腈 | (1-methyl-1<i>H</i>-imidazol-4-yl)-acetonitrile | 41065-00-3 | C6H7N3 |
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(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)甲醇 | (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)methanol | 84547-62-6 | C5H8N2O |
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(1-环丁基-3-羟基丙-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | SCH 503034D | 816429-99-9 | C12H23NO3 |
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(1-溴萘-4-基)甲醇 | (4-bromonaphthalen-1-yl)methanol | 56052-26-7 | C11H9BrO |
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(1-溴乙基)苯 | (1-Bromoethyl)benzene | 585-71-7 | C8H9Br |
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(1-溴三氟乙基)苯 | (1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)benzene | 434-42-4 | C8H6BrF3 |
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(1-氨基戊基)磷酸 | 1-amino-pentylphosphonic acid | 13138-37-9 | C5H14NO3P |
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(1-氟环丙基)甲醇 | (1-fluorocyclopropyl)methanol | 154985-93-0 | C4H7FO |
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(1-异丙基哌啶-4-基)甲醇 | (1-Isopropyl-piperidin-4-yl)-methanol | 280774-03-0 | C9H19NO |
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(1-异丙基-1H-吡唑-4-基)甲醇 | [1-(propane-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-yl]methanol | 1007542-22-4 | C7H12N2O |
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