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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Androst-4-ene-3,6,17-trione 2243-06-3 C19H24O3
    Androst-4-ene-3,6,17-trione
    —— cyclohexane 1-carboxylic acid 2-carboxamide 6294-84-4 C8H13NO3
    cyclohexane 1-carboxylic acid 2-carboxamide
    —— 4-bromo-bicyclohexyl 860588-80-3 C12H21Br
    4-bromo-bicyclohexyl
    —— 6-bromo-2-fluoro-3-methylphenol 1310416-52-4 C7H6BrFO
    6-bromo-2-fluoro-3-methylphenol
    —— 4-fluoro-3-methoxy-5-methylaniline monohydrochloride 1357103-70-8 C8H10FNO*ClH
    4-fluoro-3-methoxy-5-methylaniline monohydrochloride
    —— Nd(TMHD)3 15492-47-4 C33H60NdO6
    Nd(TMHD)3
    —— 4-(2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid 51978-15-5 C10H12O6
    4-(2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid
    —— α,α'-bis(diethylphosphino)xylene 695150-63-1 C16H28P2
    α,α'-bis(diethylphosphino)xylene
    —— (R)-1-cyclobutylethanamine 778575-09-0 C6H13N
    (R)-1-cyclobutylethanamine
    —— 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl (E)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate 5401-17-2 C22H42O5
    2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl (E)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate
    —— ethyl 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)benzoate 80622-23-7 C15H14O4
    ethyl 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)benzoate
    —— (2S)-6-benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-aminohexanoic acid 1,3-thiazol-2-ylamide 212610-09-8 C17H22N4O3S
    (2S)-6-benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-aminohexanoic acid 1,3-thiazol-2-ylamide
    —— 5-amino-3-oxo-4-o-tolyl-2,3-dihydropyrazole-1-thiocarboxylic acid S-allyl ester 473799-16-5 C14H15N3O2S
    5-amino-3-oxo-4-o-tolyl-2,3-dihydropyrazole-1-thiocarboxylic acid S-allyl ester
    —— Potassium molybdate 13446-49-6 K2MoO4
    Potassium molybdate
    —— 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione, trisodium salt 17766-26-6 C3N3Na3S3
    1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione, trisodium salt
    —— Calcium 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate 51828-94-5 C10H14CaO6
    Calcium 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate
    —— 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid 1078709-20-2 C7H8F2N2O2
    3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid
    —— (5E)-1,3-dimethyl-5-[(2E)-2-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-ylidene)ethylidene]-2-sulfanylideneimidazolidin-4-one 2445-60-5 C12H17N3OS
    (5E)-1,3-dimethyl-5-[(2E)-2-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-ylidene)ethylidene]-2-sulfanylideneimidazolidin-4-one
    —— 3-Ethyl-5-[(3-methylthiazolidin-2-ylidene)ethylidene]-2-thioxooxazolidin-4-one 35795-44-9 C11H14N2O2S2
    3-Ethyl-5-[(3-methylthiazolidin-2-ylidene)ethylidene]-2-thioxooxazolidin-4-one
    —— copper;(Z)-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one 14781-45-4 C10H4CuF12O4
    copper;(Z)-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one
    —— (S)-2-(aminomethyl)hexanoic acid 183182-08-3 C7H15NO2
    (S)-2-(aminomethyl)hexanoic acid
    —— 6-chloro-2,3-dimethylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine 17412-26-9 C8H8ClN3
    6-chloro-2,3-dimethylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine
    —— (4R,5R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methyloxazolidin-2-one 127913-30-8 C5H9NO3
    (4R,5R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methyloxazolidin-2-one
    —— Dibutyl phosphite 109-47-7 C8H18O3P+
    Dibutyl phosphite
    —— Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphite 3658-48-8 C16H34O3P+
    Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphite
    —— dimethyl(oxo)phosphonium 7211-39-4 C2H6OP
    dimethyl(oxo)phosphonium
    —— Diisopropyl phosphonate 1809-20-7 C6H14O3P+
    Diisopropyl phosphonate
    —— Borane,N-dimethylmethanamine (1:1) 75-22-9 C3H9BN
    Borane,N-dimethylmethanamine (1:1)
    —— Chlorophenylsilane 4206-75-1 C6H5ClSi
    Chlorophenylsilane
    —— Ethyl phenylphosphinate 2511-09-3 C8H10O2P+
    Ethyl phenylphosphinate
    —— Diethyl phosphonate 762-04-9 C4H10O3P+
    Diethyl phosphonate
    —— Dilauryl phosphite 21302-09-0 C24H50O3P+
    Dilauryl phosphite
    —— Dimethylamine borane 74-94-2 C2H7BN
    Dimethylamine borane
    —— Ethenephosphonic acid 1746-03-8 C2H4O3P+
    Ethenephosphonic acid
    —— dihydroxy(oxo)azanium;16,17,18,19-tetrahydro-3H-yohimban-13-ium 17994-15-9 C19H19N3O3+2
    dihydroxy(oxo)azanium;16,17,18,19-tetrahydro-3H-yohimban-13-ium
    —— Tris(dimethylsilyl)amine 21331-86-2 C6H18NSi3
    Tris(dimethylsilyl)amine
    —— Nickel(2+);triphenylphosphane;dihydrochloride 14264-16-5 C36H32Cl2NiP2+2
    Nickel(2+);triphenylphosphane;dihydrochloride
    —— Tris(dimethylamino)silane 15112-89-7 C6H18N3Si
    Tris(dimethylamino)silane
    —— Tetrabutylammonium nitrate, 97% 1941-27-1 C16H38N2O3+2
    Tetrabutylammonium nitrate, 97%
    —— 1,3,2-Dioxaphosphorinane, 5,5-dimethyl-, 2-oxide 4090-60-2 C5H10O3P+
    1,3,2-Dioxaphosphorinane, 5,5-dimethyl-, 2-oxide
    —— Dimethylsilyldiethylamine 13686-66-3 C6H16NSi
    Dimethylsilyldiethylamine
    —— Dimethylsilyldimethylamine 22705-32-4 C4H12NSi
    Dimethylsilyldimethylamine
    —— 1-Hydroxyethanediphosphonic acid, sodium salt 3794-83-0 C2H8NaO7P2
    1-Hydroxyethanediphosphonic acid, sodium salt
    —— Disodium ((ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetato)calciate(2-) hydrate 23411-34-9 C10H16CaN2Na2O9+2
    Disodium ((ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetato)calciate(2-) hydrate
    —— Germanium(II) telluride 12025-39-7 GeTe
    Germanium(II) telluride
    —— (1-Amino-2-methylpropylidene)azanium 57536-10-4 C4H11N2+
    (1-Amino-2-methylpropylidene)azanium
    —— Disodium maleate 371-47-1 C4H2Na2O4
    Disodium maleate
    —— trans-8-Cyclohexadecenon-(1) 3100-36-5 C16H28O
    trans-8-Cyclohexadecenon-(1)
    —— 1,3-Dimethyl-5-[(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinylidene)ethylidene]-2-thioxoimidazolidine-4-one 2445-60-5 C12H17N3OS
    1,3-Dimethyl-5-[(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinylidene)ethylidene]-2-thioxoimidazolidine-4-one
    —— Dichloromethyl(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl)silane 38436-16-7 C7H5Cl2F9Si
    Dichloromethyl(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl)silane