有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
2-(三甲基硅基)乙磺酰胺 | 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanesulfonamide | 125486-96-6 | C5H15NO2SSi |
|
2-(三氯乙酰)吡咯 | pyrrol-2-yl trichloromethyl ketone | 35302-72-8 | C6H4Cl3NO |
|
2-(三氟甲氧基)苯磺酰胺 | 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzenesulfonamide | 37526-59-3 | C7H6F3NO3S |
|
2-(三氟甲氧基)苯磺酰异氰酸酯 | 2-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulphonyl isocyanate | 99722-81-3 | C8H4F3NO4S |
|
2-(三氟甲氧基)苯乙酮 | 1-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)ethanone | 220227-93-0 | C9H7F3O2 |
|
2-(三氟甲氧基)苄胺 | 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzylamine | 175205-64-8 | C8H8F3NO |
|
2-(三氟甲氧基)苄基溴 | 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl bromide | 198649-68-2 | C8H6BrF3O |
|
2-(三氟甲氧基)对苯酸 | 2-(trifluoromethoxy)-terephthalic acid | 175278-21-4 | C9H5F3O5 |
|
2-(三氟甲氧基)乙醇 | 2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethan-1-ol | 362631-84-3 | C3H5F3O2 |
|
2-(三氟甲氧基)乙胺盐酸盐 | 2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethylamine hydrochloride | 886050-51-7 | C3H6F3NO*ClH |
|
2-(三氟甲基)苯乙酰胺 | (trifluoromethyl)benzeneacetamide | 34779-65-2 | C9H8F3NO |
|
2-(三氟甲基)苯基肼 | 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazine | 365-34-4 | C7H7F3N2 |
|
2-(三氟甲基)苯基三氟硼酸钾 | Potassium 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyltrifluoroborate | 30678-36-5 | C7H4BF6K |
|
2-(三氟甲基)苯乙醇 | 2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanol | 94022-96-5 | C9H9F3O |
|
2-(三氟甲基)苄胺 | o-trifluoromethylbenzylamine | 3048-01-9 | C8H8F3N |
|
2-(三氟甲基)苄磺酰胺 | (2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-methanesulfonamide | 112941-35-2 | C8H8F3NO2S |
|
2-(三氟甲基)苄溴 | o-trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide | 395-44-8 | C8H6BrF3 |
|
2-(三氟甲基)环丙烷羧酸 | 2-(trifluoromethyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid | 22581-33-5 | C5H5F3O2 |
|
2-(三氟甲基)对苯二甲酸 | 2-(trifluoromethyl)terephthalic acid | 1483-47-2 | C9H5F3O4 |
|
2-(三氟甲基)二苯甲醇 | phenyl(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methanol | 727-98-0 | C14H11F3O |
|
2-(三氟甲基)乙酰苯胺 | N-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetamide | 344-62-7 | C9H8F3NO |
|
2-(三氟甲基)-5-硝基苯腈 | 5-Nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile | 887350-95-0 | C8H3F3N2O2 |
|
2-(三氟甲基)-1H-咪唑-4,5-二羧酸 | 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid | 78016-96-3 | C6H3F3N2O4 |
|
2-(三氟甲基)-1H-咪唑-4,5-二甲腈锂盐 | lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolide | 761441-54-7 | C6F3N4*Li |
|
2-(三氟甲基)-1H-咪唑 | 2-trifluoromethylimidazole | 66675-22-7 | C4H3F3N2 |
|
2-(三氟甲基)-1,3-噻唑-5-羧酸 | 2-(trifluoromethyl)thiazole-5-carboxylic acid | 1286734-84-6 | C5H2F3NO2S |
|
2-(三氟甲基)-1,3-噻唑-4-羧酸 | 2-(trifluoromethyl)thiazole-4-carboxylic acid | 915030-08-9 | C5H2F3NO2S |
|
2-(三氟乙酰氨基)乙胺盐酸盐 | N-(2-aminoethyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide | 5458-14-0 | C4H7F3N2O |
|
2-(三正丁基锡基)噁唑 | 2-(tributyltin)oxazole | 145214-05-7 | C15H29NOSn |
|
2-(三异丙基甲硅烷基)噁唑 | 2-(triisopropylsilyl)oxazole | 433332-27-5 | C12H23NOSi |
|
2-(三丁基锡烷基)呋喃 | 2-(tributylstannyl)furan | 118486-94-5 | C16H30OSn |
|
2-(三丁基锡)嘧啶 | 2-(tributylstannyl)pyrimidine | 153435-63-3 | C16H30N2Sn |
|
2-(丁硫基)-4,5-二氢噻唑 | 2-butylsulfanyl-4,5-dihydro-thiazole | 69390-14-3 | C7H13NS2 |
|
2-(丁烷-2-基氨基)乙醇 | N-sec-Butylaminoethylalcohol | 35265-04-4 | C6H15NO |
|
2-(丁氧基甲基)呋喃 | 2-butoxymethylfuran | 56920-82-2 | C9H14O2 |
|
2-(丁基氨基)-N-(2-氯-6-甲基苯基)乙酰胺单盐酸盐 | Butanilicaine hydrochloride | 6027-28-7 | C13H20Cl2N2O |
|
2-(s)-联苯-2-氨基丙酸甲酯 | L-biphenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride | 63024-30-6 | C16H17NO2*ClH |
|
2-([亚氨基](苯基)甲基]氨基)乙酸 | N-carboxymethylbenzamidine | 32683-07-1 | C9H10N2O2 |
|
2-([1,1-联苯]-2-基)乙酸 | biphenylacetic acid | 14676-52-9 | C14H12O2 |
|
2-(P-甲苯磺酰氧基)乙酸 | 2-(tosyloxy)acetic acid | 39794-77-9 | C9H10O5S |
|
2-(O-三氟甲基苯基)乙胺 | 2-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethan-1-amine | 774-18-5 | C9H10F3N |
|
2-(N-Boc-氨基甲基)-4-氟苯硼酸 | [2-(N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-methyl)-4-fluorophenyl]-boronic acid | 850568-64-8 | C12H17BFNO4 |
|
2-(N-Boc-N-甲基氨基)乙醇 | methyl(2-hydroxyethyl)carbamic acid tert-butyl ester | 57561-39-4 | C8H17NO3 |
|
2-(N,N-双Boc-氨基)嘧啶-5-硼酸 | 2-(N,N-di-tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidine-5-boronic acid | 1360950-40-8 | C14H22BN3O6 |
|
2-(N,N-二苄基)氨基-1,3-丙二醇 | 2-(N,N-dibenzylamino)-1,3-propanediol | 246232-73-5 | C17H21NO2 |
|
2-(N,N-二甲基阿甲基)苯酚酸酯 | (2-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)boronic acid | 85107-53-5 | C9H14BNO2 |
|
2-(CBZ-氨基)乙醛缩二甲醇 | benzyl N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)carbamate | 114790-39-5 | C12H17NO4 |
|
2-(Boc-氨基)-5-吡啶甲醇 | tert-butyl (5-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate | 169280-83-5 | C11H16N2O3 |
|
2-(BOC-氨基)环戊醇 | tert-butyl N-(2-hydroxycyclopentyl)carbamate | 945652-35-7 | C10H19NO3 |
|
2-(BOC-氨基)吡咯烷-5-硼酸片呐醇酯 | tert-butyl (5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate | 910462-31-6 | C16H25BN2O4 |
|