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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (2-fluoro-4-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl)boronic acid 874289-23-3 C8H9BFNO3
    (2-fluoro-4-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl)boronic acid
    —— 3-chloro-4-(dihydroxyboryl)-2-methylbenzoic acid 1451391-31-3 C8H8BClO4
    3-chloro-4-(dihydroxyboryl)-2-methylbenzoic acid
    —— (2,6-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)boronic acid 1451392-99-6 C6H4BCl2FO2
    (2,6-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)boronic acid
    —— 4-Carbamoyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid 1451392-06-5 C8H10BNO4
    4-Carbamoyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid
    —— I+/--Hydroxy-4-pyridinepropanoic acid 1181643-80-0 C8H9NO3
    I+/--Hydroxy-4-pyridinepropanoic acid
    —— Folsaeure 47707-78-8 C19H19N7O6
    Folsaeure
    —— (3-bromo-4-ethoxyphenyl)methanol 1224720-05-1 C9H11BrO2
    (3-bromo-4-ethoxyphenyl)methanol
    —— 6-(4-bromophenyl)naphthalene-2-carbonitrile 1228267-66-0 C17H10BrN
    6-(4-bromophenyl)naphthalene-2-carbonitrile
    —— Benzene, 2,3-difluoro-1-propoxy-4-[(trans,trans)-4'-propyl[1,1'-bicyclohexyl]-4-yl]- 1178892-67-5 C24H36F2O
    Benzene, 2,3-difluoro-1-propoxy-4-[(trans,trans)-4'-propyl[1,1'-bicyclohexyl]-4-yl]-
    —— Zinc, bis[2-(methoxy-kappaO)ethanolato-kappaO]-, (T-4)- 129918-15-6 C6H16O4Zn
    Zinc, bis[2-(methoxy-kappaO)ethanolato-kappaO]-, (T-4)-
    —— 7-Carboxy-2,8-dihydroxy-1,5-naphthyridin 28252-74-6 C9H6N2O4
    7-Carboxy-2,8-dihydroxy-1,5-naphthyridin
    —— 2-({[(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}methyl)butanoic acid 180181-95-7 C20H21NO4
    2-({[(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}methyl)butanoic acid
    —— (1S,4S,5R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)spiro[3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6,1'-cyclopropane]-2-one 569679-30-7 C8H11NO2
    (1S,4S,5R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)spiro[3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6,1'-cyclopropane]-2-one
    —— (6-((1-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amino)pyrazin-2-yl)methanol 1010086-67-5 C12H17N5O
    (6-((1-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amino)pyrazin-2-yl)methanol
    —— 2-Phenylpropan-1-olate 124-41-4 C9H11O
    2-Phenylpropan-1-olate
    —— (-)-Menthyllactate 59259-38-0 C13H24O3
    (-)-Menthyllactate
    —— 1-(4-Fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)ethanol 1443344-18-0 C10H13FO
    1-(4-Fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)ethanol
    —— I+/--Ethynylcyclopentanemethanamine 1207502-77-9 C8H13N
    I+/--Ethynylcyclopentanemethanamine
    —— 5-ethyl-4-methylisoxazol-3-amine 1369347-57-8 C6H10N2O
    5-ethyl-4-methylisoxazol-3-amine
    —— 4-Chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenylalanine 63687-03-6 C10H9ClF3NO2
    4-Chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenylalanine
    —— 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-ylmethanol 1379526-98-3 C8H8N2O
    1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-ylmethanol
    —— tert-butyl N-(3-iodo-5-nitrophenyl)carbamate 1353878-19-9 C11H13IN2O4
    tert-butyl N-(3-iodo-5-nitrophenyl)carbamate
    —— Cobalt (II) benzoate 932-69-4 C7H6CoO2
    Cobalt (II) benzoate
    —— quinuclidine hydrobromide 60662-68-2 BrH*C7H13N
    quinuclidine hydrobromide
    —— Sodium phthalate(x:1) 10197-71-4 C8H6Na2O4
    Sodium phthalate(x:1)
    —— 4-Cyclohexylbutanoic acid;ZINC 38582-18-2 C10H18O2Zn
    4-Cyclohexylbutanoic acid;ZINC
    —— 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one 1349734-01-5 C14H22BNO4
    1-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one
    —— 13005-36-2 C8H8KO2
    —— 5-Methyl-2-pentylcyclohexan-1-one 1357600-49-7 C12H22O
    5-Methyl-2-pentylcyclohexan-1-one
    —— 17264-53-8 C11H14NaO2
    —— 10007-84-8 C7H4Cl2NaO2
    —— 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-6-yl)-, (2E)- 335030-65-4 C9H7N3O2
    2-Propenoic acid, 3-(3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-6-yl)-, (2E)-
    —— 3-Aminobenzoic acid sodium 17264-94-7 C7H7NNaO2
    3-Aminobenzoic acid sodium
    —— Luteolin monohydrate 6113-16-2 C15H12O7
    Luteolin monohydrate
    —— 1-(4-pyrimidinyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride salt 1375474-40-0 C10H13N3O2*ClH
    1-(4-pyrimidinyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride salt
    —— (R)-3-amino-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one hydrochloride 549531-11-5 C5H10N2O*ClH
    (R)-3-amino-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one hydrochloride
    —— 1H-Imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-, lithium salt (1:1) 761441-54-7 C6HF3LiN4
    1H-Imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-, lithium salt (1:1)
    —— cyclohexyl-cis-(4-propoxycyclohexyl)amine 859525-03-4 C15H29NO
    cyclohexyl-cis-(4-propoxycyclohexyl)amine
    —— 4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-L-phenylalanine 63687-03-6 C10H9ClF3NO2
    4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-L-phenylalanine
    —— 1,1,3,5-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-ium chloride 113277-69-3 C9H20ClN
    1,1,3,5-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-ium chloride
    —— Phenol, 4-ethenyl-, benzoate 32568-59-5 C15H14O3
    Phenol, 4-ethenyl-, benzoate
    —— tert-Butyl (3-fluorocyclopentyl)carbamate 1215071-14-9 C10H18FNO2
    tert-Butyl (3-fluorocyclopentyl)carbamate
    —— 1,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6-carboxylic acid 943751-94-8 C10H7NO4
    1,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6-carboxylic acid
    —— 1-methoxy-4-nitro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene 647855-18-3 C8H6F3NO4
    1-methoxy-4-nitro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene
    —— Isoquinoline-8-carboxamide 1337881-25-0 C10H8N2O
    Isoquinoline-8-carboxamide
    —— 5-isopropoxy-2-methylphenol 918445-11-1 C10H14O2
    5-isopropoxy-2-methylphenol
    —— 3-Methyl 4-(methylthio)-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate 41684-12-2 C10H10O4S
    3-Methyl 4-(methylthio)-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate
    —— tert-Butyl 2-methyl-7,8-dihydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine-6(5H)-carboxylate 210538-72-0 C13H19N3O2
    tert-Butyl 2-methyl-7,8-dihydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine-6(5H)-carboxylate
    —— Methyl 3-amino-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoate hydrochloride 93506-52-6 C10H13ClN2O4
    Methyl 3-amino-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoate hydrochloride
    —— Acid Brown 434 126851-40-9 C22H13FeN6NaO11S
    Acid Brown 434