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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3-[10,15,20-tris(3-hydroxyphenyl)-21,24-dihydroporphyrin-5-yl]phenol 22112-79-4 C44H30N4O4
    3-[10,15,20-tris(3-hydroxyphenyl)-21,24-dihydroporphyrin-5-yl]phenol
    —— 3-({benzoxazol-2-yl[3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]amino}methyl)phenol 848260-89-9 C24H24N2O4
    3-({benzoxazol-2-yl[3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]amino}methyl)phenol
    —— p-chlorophenyl fluoromethyl sulfoxide 65325-69-1 C7H6ClFOS
    p-chlorophenyl fluoromethyl sulfoxide
    —— Phosphine, tri-7-octenyl- 816420-00-5 C24H45P
    Phosphine, tri-7-octenyl-
    —— d-camphorquinone 465-29-2 C10H14O2
    d-camphorquinone
    —— strontium acetylacetonate 12193-47-4 C10H14O4Sr
    strontium acetylacetonate
    —— [1-(3-methoxypropyl)cyclohexyl]methanol 1430752-32-1 C11H22O2
    [1-(3-methoxypropyl)cyclohexyl]methanol
    —— Schrock catalyst 205815-80-1 C46H61MoNO2
    Schrock catalyst
    —— [Mo(CHCMe2Ph)(NC6H3(CH(CH3)2)2)((OC6H(Me)2C(CH3)3)2)] 300344-02-9 C46H61MoNO2
    [Mo(CHCMe2Ph)(NC6H3(CH(CH3)2)2)((OC6H(Me)2C(CH3)3)2)]
    —— (1-isobutylcyclohexyl)methanol 1430752-03-6 C11H22O
    (1-isobutylcyclohexyl)methanol
    —— 2,9,16,23-tetra-t-butyl-29H,31H-phthalocyanine 35984-93-1 C48H50N8
    2,9,16,23-tetra-t-butyl-29H,31H-phthalocyanine
    —— Isometheptene mucate 7492-31-1 C24H48N2O8
    Isometheptene mucate
    —— 5-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-5-oxo-valeric acid 4648-94-6 C11H12O4
    5-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-5-oxo-valeric acid
    —— 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane 57585-26-9 C27H26P2
    2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane
    —— cobalt(II) 2-ethylhexanoate 13586-82-8 2C8H15O2*Co
    cobalt(II) 2-ethylhexanoate
    —— (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[[2-(tert-butoxy)-2-oxoethoxy]imino]acetic acid 74440-02-1 C11H15N3O5S
    (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[[2-(tert-butoxy)-2-oxoethoxy]imino]acetic acid
    —— ethyl 2-(5-fluoro-1H-indazol-3-yl)acetate 885271-93-2 C11H11FN2O2
    ethyl 2-(5-fluoro-1H-indazol-3-yl)acetate
    —— 2-amino-4,6-dichlorophenolhydrochloride 5959-39-7 C6H5Cl2NO*ClH
    2-amino-4,6-dichlorophenolhydrochloride
    —— 1-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole 502925-12-4 C13H9BrN2
    1-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole
    —— 1,2-di(thiophen-3-yl)benzene 1221184-53-7 C14H10S2
    1,2-di(thiophen-3-yl)benzene
    —— 2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione 13909-07-4 C10H6F3NO2
    2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione
    —— (2-cyclohexylphenyl)dicyclohexylphosphine 625856-27-1 C24H37P
    (2-cyclohexylphenyl)dicyclohexylphosphine
    —— (R,S/S,R)-α,β-dibromobutyric acid 600-30-6 C4H6Br2O2
    (R,S/S,R)-α,β-dibromobutyric acid
    —— erythro-2,3-Dibrom-buttersaeure 600-30-6 C4H6Br2O2
    erythro-2,3-Dibrom-buttersaeure
    —— erythro-Dibrombuttersaeure-ethylester 609-11-0 C6H10Br2O2
    erythro-Dibrombuttersaeure-ethylester
    —— 9-methylene-9H-xanthene 55164-22-2 C14H10O
    9-methylene-9H-xanthene
    —— 2-ethyl-2H-indazole 43120-23-6 C9H10N2
    2-ethyl-2H-indazole
    —— 1-(diphenylphosphanyl)-2-isopropylbenzene 60998-16-5 C21H21P
    1-(diphenylphosphanyl)-2-isopropylbenzene
    —— tert-butyl (2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamate 384793-21-9 C12H13BrF3NO2
    tert-butyl (2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamate
    —— (4-fluorophenyl)diphenylphosphine 18437-72-4 C18H14FP
    (4-fluorophenyl)diphenylphosphine
    —— methyl 4-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoate 176375-43-2 C13H17NO7
    methyl 4-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoate
    —— m-Tolyl-diphenylphosphin 7579-70-6 C19H17P
    m-Tolyl-diphenylphosphin
    —— α,α'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-p-xylene 71403-19-5 C32H28P2
    α,α'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-p-xylene
    —— 3-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acrylic acid 50396-49-1 C9H7NO5
    3-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acrylic acid
    —— diphenyl (4‐aminophenyl) phosphine 33834-35-4 C18H16NP
    diphenyl (4‐aminophenyl) phosphine
    —— ethyl 4-(diphenylphosphino)benzoate 223510-97-2 C21H19O2P
    ethyl 4-(diphenylphosphino)benzoate
    —— 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)benzene 1179-05-1 C30H24P2
    1,3-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)benzene
    —— 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazoliumnitrate 203389-26-8 C10H19N2*NO3
    1-hexyl-3-methylimidazoliumnitrate
    —— (S)-2-chlorostyrene oxide 141394-10-7 C8H7ClO
    (S)-2-chlorostyrene oxide
    —— Iron, di-μ-carbonyldicarbonylbis(η5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl)di-, (Fe-Fe), stereoisomer 12154-95-9 C14H10Fe2O4
    Iron, di-μ-carbonyldicarbonylbis(η5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl)di-, (Fe-Fe), stereoisomer
    —— (4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)diphenylphosphine oxide 797-72-8 C20H20NOP
    (4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)diphenylphosphine oxide
    —— zinc(II) heptanoate 5261-20-1 2C7H13O2*Zn
    zinc(II) heptanoate
    —— 2-amino-5-tert-butylbenzonitrile 874814-72-9 C11H14N2
    2-amino-5-tert-butylbenzonitrile
    —— tert-butyl hypochloride 507-40-4 C4H9ClO
    tert-butyl hypochloride
    —— N-Oxytriacetoneamine Glycerol Ketal 150980-90-8 C12H22NO4
    N-Oxytriacetoneamine Glycerol Ketal
    —— S-ethyl O-((5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl) carbonothioate 1121795-67-2 C8H10O5S
    S-ethyl O-((5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl) carbonothioate
    —— 4-tert-butylphenyldiphenylsulfonium bromide 258872-06-9 Br*C22H23S
    4-tert-butylphenyldiphenylsulfonium bromide
    —— bis(4-methylphenyl)phenylphosphine sulfide 16822-31-4 C20H19PS
    bis(4-methylphenyl)phenylphosphine sulfide
    —— bis(4-trifluoromethylphenyl) sulfoxide 143028-36-8 C14H8F6OS
    bis(4-trifluoromethylphenyl) sulfoxide
    —— chloro(hydrido)ruthenium;formaldehyde;triphenylphosphane 16971-33-8 C55H48ClOP3Ru
    chloro(hydrido)ruthenium;formaldehyde;triphenylphosphane