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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1,3-dihydroindeno[2,1-b]carbazole 1257220-43-1 C27H21N
    1,1-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1,3-dihydroindeno[2,1-b]carbazole
    —— dimethyl(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine 5075-61-6 C8H6F5P
    dimethyl(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine
    —— 1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxaldehyde 23999-91-9 C6H5NO2
    1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxaldehyde
    —— phenylphosphonous acid 121-70-0 C6H7O2P
    phenylphosphonous acid
    —— 4-(trans-4-Butylcyclohexyl)phenol 88581-00-4 C16H24O
    4-(trans-4-Butylcyclohexyl)phenol
    —— <i>N</i>-hydroxy-anilinooxyl 98-95-3 C6H6NO2
    <i>N</i>-hydroxy-anilinooxyl
    —— methyl (R)-2-acetamido-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoate 88546-12-7 C12H14N2O5
    methyl (R)-2-acetamido-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoate
    —— dimethyl 2,2'-azanediyldibenzoate 34069-89-1 C16H15NO4
    dimethyl 2,2'-azanediyldibenzoate
    —— Di-t-butylphosphinoylchlorid 677-74-7 C8H18ClOP
    Di-t-butylphosphinoylchlorid
    —— 2-(4-iodophenoxy)ethan-1-amine 151978-97-1 C8H10INO
    2-(4-iodophenoxy)ethan-1-amine
    —— di-(4-iodophenyl)sulfoxide 647829-43-4 C12H8I2OS
    di-(4-iodophenyl)sulfoxide
    —— 4-chloro-N-(furan-2-ylmethyl)aniline 33829-87-7 C11H10ClNO
    4-chloro-N-(furan-2-ylmethyl)aniline
    —— Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt 128-04-1 C3H7NNaS2+
    Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt
    —— 1-benzylazetidin-3-ol 54881-13-9 C10H13NO
    1-benzylazetidin-3-ol
    —— α-keto methyl hexanoate 6395-83-1 C7H12O3
    α-keto methyl hexanoate
    —— ethylenebis(triphenylphosphonium) dibromide 1519-45-5 2Br*C38H34P2
    ethylenebis(triphenylphosphonium) dibromide
    —— ytterbium(III) acetylacetonate 14284-98-1 C15H21O6Yb
    ytterbium(III) acetylacetonate
    —— oxy-tris-(dimethylamino)-phosphonium 680-31-9 C6H18N3OP
    oxy-tris-(dimethylamino)-phosphonium
    —— (2-methylbenzyl)diphenylphosphine oxide 158871-10-4 C20H19OP
    (2-methylbenzyl)diphenylphosphine oxide
    —— 4-(difluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide 1630983-00-4 C7H7F2NO2S
    4-(difluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide
    —— sodium 4-tert-butylphenolate 5787-50-8 C10H13NaO
    sodium 4-tert-butylphenolate
    —— 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid sodium salt 5299-61-6 C6H11O3*Na
    6-hydroxyhexanoic acid sodium salt
    —— 4-chloro-3-nitro-cinnamic acid 20797-48-2 C9H6ClNO4
    4-chloro-3-nitro-cinnamic acid
    —— chloro-diphenyl-acetic acid-(2-diethylamino-ethyl ester); hydrochloride 902-83-0 C20H24ClNO2*ClH
    chloro-diphenyl-acetic acid-(2-diethylamino-ethyl ester); hydrochloride
    —— trimorpholylmethane 22630-09-7 C13H25N3O3
    trimorpholylmethane
    —— dimethyl(p-tolyl)phosphine sulfide 54844-87-0 C9H13PS
    dimethyl(p-tolyl)phosphine sulfide
    —— Azodicarbonsaeure-dimorpholid 10465-82-4 C10H16N4O4
    Azodicarbonsaeure-dimorpholid
    —— m-chlorophenylphosphonic dichloride 23415-70-5 C6H4Cl3OP
    m-chlorophenylphosphonic dichloride
    —— Ccris 4942 18172-33-3 C20H20N2O3
    Ccris 4942
    —— 3-ethoxyacrylic acid 6192-01-4 C5H8O3
    3-ethoxyacrylic acid
    —— 3-hexen-1,6-diol 67077-43-4 C6H12O2
    3-hexen-1,6-diol
    —— 1-(3-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one 160388-09-0 C9H7ClO
    1-(3-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
    —— 2-isopropyl-5,5-dicarboxy-1,3-dioxane 35113-49-6 C9H14O6
    2-isopropyl-5,5-dicarboxy-1,3-dioxane
    —— Diamineblue 72-57-1 C34H28N6NaO14S4+
    Diamineblue
    —— chromium(III) carbonate 29689-14-3 3CO3*2Cr
    chromium(III) carbonate
    —— (1S,4S)-2,5-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid amide hydrochloride 1146691-80-6 C6H11N3O*ClH
    (1S,4S)-2,5-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid amide hydrochloride
    —— tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)ruthenium(III) 38625-54-6 C33H57O6Ru
    tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)ruthenium(III)
    —— 1-(3-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl)ethanone 34264-13-6 C11H10O2
    1-(3-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl)ethanone
    —— tantalum pentamethoxide 865-35-0 5CH3O*Ta
    tantalum pentamethoxide
    —— (±)N,N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminocobalt(II) 176763-62-5 C36H52CoN2O2
    (±)N,N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminocobalt(II)
    —— Isopropylphosphonothioic Dichloride 1498-60-8 C3H7Cl2PS
    Isopropylphosphonothioic Dichloride
    —— sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate 131-08-8 C14H7O5S*Na
    sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate
    —— pentasodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate 140-01-2 C14H18N3O10*5Na
    pentasodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate
    —— (TERT-BUTYLIMIDO)TRIS(ETHYLMETHYLAMINO)TANTALUM 511292-99-2 C13H33N4Ta
    (TERT-BUTYLIMIDO)TRIS(ETHYLMETHYLAMINO)TANTALUM
    —— Trypan Blue, Vetec(TM) reagent grade 72-57-1 C34H28N6O14S4.4Na
    Trypan Blue, Vetec(TM) reagent grade
    —— (1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl-methyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester 189560-83-6 C13H17N3O2
    (1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl-methyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
    —— N-nitroso-p-toluenesulfonamide 80-11-5 C7H8N2O3S
    N-nitroso-p-toluenesulfonamide
    —— iron;1,1,1-trifluoro-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one 14526-22-8 C15H15F9FeO6
    iron;1,1,1-trifluoro-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one
    —— 3-Trifluormethylbenzolsulfonsaeurefluorid 32466-24-3 C7H4F4O2S
    3-Trifluormethylbenzolsulfonsaeurefluorid
    —— DOTA-alendronate 1158975-36-0 C20H39N5O14P2
    DOTA-alendronate