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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Ethylenebis(triphenylphosphonium) dibromide 1519-45-5 C38H34I2P2
    Ethylenebis(triphenylphosphonium) dibromide
    —— N-Phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diaminemonohydrochloride 6011-10-5 C9H9ClN5-
    N-Phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diaminemonohydrochloride
    —— Einecs 212-831-8 872-71-9 C5H10NNaS2
    Einecs 212-831-8
    —— Einecs 225-633-1 4983-38-4 C16H24ClN2-
    Einecs 225-633-1
    —— Copper chromite 12053-18-8 Cr2Cu2O5
    Copper chromite
    —— Dicesium oxalate 1068-63-9 C2H3CsO4
    Dicesium oxalate
    —— Lead(2+) acrylate 867-47-0 C6H8O4Pb
    Lead(2+) acrylate
    —— (1,1'-Biphenyl)sodium 5137-46-2 C12H11Na
    (1,1'-Biphenyl)sodium
    —— Einecs 254-918-3 40434-87-5 C16H18O4S
    Einecs 254-918-3
    —— 1-Benzyl-4-(dimethylammonio)piperidinium dichloride 4876-56-6 C14H22ClN2-
    1-Benzyl-4-(dimethylammonio)piperidinium dichloride
    —— lanthanum;4-oxoniumylidenepentan-2-ylideneoxidanium 14284-88-9 C15H30LaO6+6
    lanthanum;4-oxoniumylidenepentan-2-ylideneoxidanium
    —— Bis(triphenylphosphine)copper tetrahydroborate 16903-61-0 C36H34BCuP2-
    Bis(triphenylphosphine)copper tetrahydroborate
    —— Tris(perfluorobutanoylpivaloylmethano)ytterbium 18323-96-1 C30H30F21O6Yb
    Tris(perfluorobutanoylpivaloylmethano)ytterbium
    —— Garamine 49751-51-1 C13H27N3O6
    Garamine
    —— Praseodymium, tris(3-(2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-1-(oxo-kappaO)butyl)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-onato-kappaO)- 38832-94-9 C42H42F21O6Pr
    Praseodymium, tris(3-(2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-1-(oxo-kappaO)butyl)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-onato-kappaO)-
    —— N-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-N-[(Z)-3-[[(E)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-hydroxypent-2-en-3-yl]disulfanyl]-5-hydroxypent-2-en-2-yl]formamide 67-16-3 C24H34N8O4S2
    N-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-N-[(Z)-3-[[(E)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-hydroxypent-2-en-3-yl]disulfanyl]-5-hydroxypent-2-en-2-yl]formamide
    —— Sodium hydrogen 3-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonate 61702-42-9 C10H9NNaO7S2+
    Sodium hydrogen 3-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonate
    —— Myraldyl acetate 72403-67-9 C15H24O2
    Myraldyl acetate
    —— D,L-2,2-di(2-tetrahydrofuryl)propane 89686-69-1 C11H20O2
    D,L-2,2-di(2-tetrahydrofuryl)propane
    —— 1-methoxy-4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl)benzene 84952-30-7 C18H28O
    1-methoxy-4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl)benzene
    —— 1-[(Tert-butyl)oxycarbonyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid 939757-93-4 C16H20ClNO4
    1-[(Tert-butyl)oxycarbonyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid
    —— Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium cobalt salt hydrate 15137-09-4 C10H16CoN2Na2O9
    Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium cobalt salt hydrate
    —— o-AMINOPHENOL SULFATE 67845-79-8 C12H16N2O6S
    o-AMINOPHENOL SULFATE
    —— Bismuth Potassium Tartrate 5798-41-4 C4H2BiKO6
    Bismuth Potassium Tartrate
    —— Delphinine 561-07-9 C33H45NO9
    Delphinine
    —— Disodium N-(carboxylatomethyl)-N-methylglycinate 71160-37-7 C5H9NNa2O4+2
    Disodium N-(carboxylatomethyl)-N-methylglycinate
    —— Eovist 135326-22-6 C23H28GdN3Na2O11
    Eovist
    —— 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-(phospho-R-(1-glycerol)), ammonium salt 267228-70-6 C40H80NO10P
    1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-(phospho-R-(1-glycerol)), ammonium salt
    —— Phosphonic acid, (((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakis-, heptasodium salt 68155-78-2 C9H21N3Na7O15P5
    Phosphonic acid, (((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakis-, heptasodium salt
    —— Chromate(2-), (2,4-dihydro-4-((2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)azo)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-onato(2-))(4-((4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)azo)-3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonato(3-))-, disodium 83833-37-8 C36H27CrN9Na2O9S
    Chromate(2-), (2,4-dihydro-4-((2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)azo)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-onato(2-))(4-((4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)azo)-3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonato(3-))-, disodium
    —— Germanium tetrabutanolate 25063-27-8 C16H32GeO4
    Germanium tetrabutanolate
    —— 4-[5-chloro-2-[2-[[5-chloro-3-(4-sulfonatobutyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-3-ium-2-yl]methylidene]butylidene]-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl]butane-1-sulfonate;N,N-diethylethanamine;hydron 92771-38-5 C33H45Cl2N3O8S2
    4-[5-chloro-2-[2-[[5-chloro-3-(4-sulfonatobutyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-3-ium-2-yl]methylidene]butylidene]-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl]butane-1-sulfonate;N,N-diethylethanamine;hydron
    —— (5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;dichlororuthenium 50982-12-2 C8H12Cl2Ru
    (5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;dichlororuthenium
    —— Germanium(4+) ethanolate 14165-55-0 C8H24GeO4+4
    Germanium(4+) ethanolate
    —— Potassium;oxalate;dihydrate 6100-20-5 C8H4KO18-7
    Potassium;oxalate;dihydrate
    —— (5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;dichloroplatinum 12080-32-9 C8H12Cl2Pt
    (5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;dichloroplatinum
    —— Vanadyl oxalate 15500-04-6 C2H2O5V
    Vanadyl oxalate
    —— calcium(II) acetylacetonate dihydrate 19372-44-2 C10H18CaO6
    calcium(II) acetylacetonate dihydrate
    —— (1S,2S,3R,5R,6S,7R,14R,15S,18R,21S,22R,25S)-5,7,18-trihydroxy-1,14,21,25-tetramethyl-4,20,23-trioxaheptacyclo[20.3.1.12,5.03,18.03,21.06,15.09,14]heptacosa-8,10-diene-13,19,24,27-tetrone 113146-74-0 C28H32O10
    (1S,2S,3R,5R,6S,7R,14R,15S,18R,21S,22R,25S)-5,7,18-trihydroxy-1,14,21,25-tetramethyl-4,20,23-trioxaheptacyclo[20.3.1.12,5.03,18.03,21.06,15.09,14]heptacosa-8,10-diene-13,19,24,27-tetrone
    —— diazanium;3-ethyl-2-[(E)-(3-ethyl-6-sulfonato-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)hydrazinylidene]-1,3-benzothiazole-6-sulfonate 30931-67-0 C18H24N6O6S4
    diazanium;3-ethyl-2-[(E)-(3-ethyl-6-sulfonato-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)hydrazinylidene]-1,3-benzothiazole-6-sulfonate
    —— Copper(II) oxalate hemihydrate 5893-66-3 C2H4CuO5
    Copper(II) oxalate hemihydrate
    —— Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt trihydrate 67401-50-7 C10H18N2Na4O11
    Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt trihydrate
    —— Magnesium salicylate (hydrate) 18917-95-8 C14H12MgO7
    Magnesium salicylate (hydrate)
    —— ZINC DL-lactate trihydrate 6155-68-6 C6H18O9Zn
    ZINC DL-lactate trihydrate
    —— RuCl2[(S)-(DM-SEGPHOS)][(S)-DAIPEN] 944450-44-6 C65H70Cl2N2O6P2Ru
    RuCl2[(S)-(DM-SEGPHOS)][(S)-DAIPEN]
    —— magnesium;prop-1-yne;bromide 16466-97-0 C3H3BrMg
    magnesium;prop-1-yne;bromide
    —— 1,5-Dichloro-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5-triazin-2-olate 2893-78-9 C3Cl2N3O3-
    1,5-Dichloro-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5-triazin-2-olate
    —— 3-{2-[2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionylamino]-4-methylsulfanyl-butyrylamino}-N-(1-carbamoyl-2-phenyl-ethyl)-succinamic acid 5235-21-2 C34H44N6O8S
    3-{2-[2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionylamino]-4-methylsulfanyl-butyrylamino}-N-(1-carbamoyl-2-phenyl-ethyl)-succinamic acid
    —— Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid--manganese (2/1) 55120-76-8 C2H2F6MnO6S2
    Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid--manganese (2/1)
    —— RuCl2[(S)-(DM-SEGPHOS(R))][(S,S)-DPEN] 944450-46-8 C60H60Cl2N2O4P2Ru
    RuCl2[(S)-(DM-SEGPHOS(R))][(S,S)-DPEN]