有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(R)-2-氨基-2-(4-氟苯基)乙醇 | (R)-2-amino-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanol | 174770-74-2 | C8H10FNO |
|
(R)-2-氨基-2-(2-呋喃基)乙烷-1-醇 | (R)-2-amino-2-(furan-2-yl)ethanol | 588683-09-4 | C6H9NO2 |
|
(R)-2-氟扁桃酸 | (R)-2-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyacetic acid | 32222-48-3 | C8H7FO3 |
|
(R)-2-氟-环氧丙烷 | (R)-3-fluoro-1,2-epoxypropane | 83398-56-5 | C3H5FO |
|
(R)-2-己基胺 | (R)-2-aminohexane | 70095-40-8 | C6H15N |
|
(R)-2-二苯甲基吡咯烷盐酸盐 | (R)-2-(diphenylmethyl)pyrrolidine hydrochloride | 23627-61-4 | C17H19N*ClH |
|
(R)-2-乙酰氧基-2-苯乙酸 | (R)-(-)-O-acetylmandelic acid | 51019-43-3 | C10H10O4 |
|
(R)-2-{双[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]羟甲基}吡咯烷 | (R)-2-[bis(3,5-bis-trifluoromethylphenyl)hydroxymethyl]pyrrolidine | 948595-00-4 | C21H15F12NO |
|
(R)-2-[(boc-氨基)甲基]-3-甲基丁酸 | N-boc-3-amino-2-isopropionic acid | 191664-14-9 | C11H21NO4 |
|
(R)-2-(环氧乙烷-2-基)乙烷-1-醇 | (R)-2-(oxiran-2-yl)ethan-1-ol | 76282-48-9 | C4H8O2 |
|
(R)-2-(溴甲基)环氧乙烷 | (R)-epibromohydrin | 51594-57-1 | C3H5BrO |
|
(R)-2-(溴甲基)吗啉-4-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (2R)-2-(bromomethyl)morpholine-4-carboxylate | 919286-58-1 | C10H18BrNO3 |
|
(R)-2-(氯甲基)-1,4-二噁螺[4.5]癸烷 | (R)-2-Chloromethyl-1,4-dioxa-spiro[4.5]decane | 139892-53-8 | C9H15ClO2 |
|
(R)-2-(氨甲基)-3-甲基丁酸 | (R)-3-amino-2-iso-propylpropanoic acid | 210345-86-1 | C6H13NO2 |
|
(R)-2-(氨基甲基)吗啉-4-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (R)-2-(aminomethyl)morpholine-4-carboxylate | 1174913-80-4 | C10H20N2O3 |
|
(R)-2-(吗啉-3-基)乙酸甲酯 | (R)-methyl 2-(morpholin-3-yl)acetate | 1217976-31-2 | C7H13NO3 |
|
(R)-2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基甲基)吡咯烷 | tert-butyl (R)-(pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)carbamate | 719999-54-9 | C10H20N2O2 |
|
(R)-2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)丙醛 | (2R)-2-N-t-butoxycarbonyl-aminopropanal | 82353-56-8 | C8H15NO3 |
|
(R)-2-(N-甲氧基-N-甲基甲酰)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (R)-2-(methoxy(methyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 288086-98-6 | C12H22N2O4 |
|
(R)-2-(4-氯苯基)-3-甲基丁酸 | (R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acid | 63640-09-5 | C11H13ClO2 |
|
(R)-2-(4-氯苯基)-2-羟基乙酸 | (R)-4-chloromandelic acid | 32189-36-9 | C8H7ClO3 |
|
(R)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)吡咯烷盐酸盐 | (R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)pyrrolidine hydrochloride | 1218935-60-4 | C10H11F2N*ClH |
|
(R)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)吡咯烷 | (R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)pyrrolidine | 1218935-59-1 | C10H11F2N |
|
(R)-2-(2,2-二乙氧基乙基)-1,3-丙二醇单醋酸盐 | (R)-2-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-1,3-propanediol monoacetate | 144461-19-8 | C11H22O5 |
|
(R)-2-(1-氨基乙基)-N-(5-氯-4-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基)噻唑-5-甲酰胺 | 2-((1R)-1-aminoethyl)-N-(5-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-2-yl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide | 1095823-62-3 | C12H10ClF3N4OS |
|
(R)-2-(1-氨基乙基)-4-氯苯酚 | (R)-2-(1-aminoethyl)-4-chlorophenol | 1228571-53-6 | C8H10ClNO |
|
(R)-2-(1-氨乙基)苯酚 | (R)-2-(1-aminoethyl)phenol | 123983-05-1 | C8H11NO |
|
(R)-2-((S)-4-氨基-5-叔丁氧基-5-氧代戊酰胺基)戊二酸二叔丁酯 | tri-tert-butyl L-γ-glutamyl-D-glutamate | 145817-20-5 | C22H40N2O7 |
|
(R)-2-((((9H-芴-9-基)甲氧基)羰基)氨基)-2-甲基丁酸 | N-[(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]-D-isovaline | 1231709-22-0 | C20H21NO4 |
|
(R)-2,2,2-三氟-1-苯乙胺盐酸盐 | (R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-phenylethan-1-amine hydrochloride | 189350-64-9 | C8H8F3N*ClH |
|
(R)-1-苯基-2-丙醇 | (R)-1-phenyl-propan-2-ol | 1572-95-8 | C9H12O |
|
(R)-1-苯基-1-己胺盐酸盐 | (R)-1-Phenylhexan-1-amine hydrochloride | 211988-00-0 | C12H20ClN |
|
(R)-1-苯基-1,2-乙二醇 | (R)-1-Phenyl-1,2-ethanediol | 16355-00-3 | C8H10O2 |
|
(R)-1-苄基-3-氨基吡咯烷 | (R)-1-benzyl-3-aminopyrrolidine | 114715-39-8 | C11H16N2 |
|
(R)-1-环丙基乙胺 | (R)-1-cyclopropylethanamine | 6240-96-6 | C5H11N |
|
(R)-1-氨基-3-氯-2-丙醇盐酸盐 | (2S)-3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylamine hydrogenchloride | 34839-14-0 | C3H8ClNO*ClH |
|
(R)-1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]乙醇 | (R)-1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)ethanol | 127852-24-8 | C9H9F3O |
|
(R)-1-[3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)乙胺 | (R)-α-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethylamine | 127733-47-5 | C10H9F6N |
|
(R)-1-[2-(三氟甲基)苯基]乙胺 | (R)-α-(o-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethylamine | 127733-46-4 | C9H10F3N |
|
(R)-1-N-苄氧羰基-2-氰基吡咯烷 | (+)-(R)-2-cyano-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid benzyl ester | 620601-77-6 | C13H14N2O2 |
|
(R)-1-N-BOC-哌啶-2-乙醇 | (R)-2-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 250249-85-5 | C12H23NO3 |
|
(R)-1-N-BOC-3-甲氨基哌啶 | tert-butyl (R)-3-(methylamino)piperidine-1-carboxylate | 203941-94-0 | C11H22N2O2 |
|
(R)-1-Boc-3-羧基吡咯烷 | (R)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid | 72925-16-7 | C10H17NO4 |
|
(R)-1-Boc-3-羟甲基哌啶 | tert-butyl (3R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate | 140695-85-8 | C11H21NO3 |
|
(R)-1-Boc-3-羟甲基吡咯烷 | tert-butyl (R)-3-hydroxymethylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 138108-72-2 | C10H19NO3 |
|
(R)-1-Boc-3-氨甲基吡咯烷 | tert-butyl (R)-3-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 199174-29-3 | C10H20N2O2 |
|
(R)-1-Boc-3-氨基吡咯烷 | (R)-3-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 147081-49-0 | C9H18N2O2 |
|
(R)-1-Boc-2-甲基吡咯烷 | (R)-2-methylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 157007-54-0 | C10H19NO2 |
|
(R)-1-Boc-2-哌啶乙酸 | (R)-2-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-2-yl) acetic acid | 351410-32-7 | C12H21NO4 |
|
(R)-1-Boc-2-吖丁啶甲醇 | tert-butyl (2R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate | 161511-90-6 | C9H17NO3 |
|