有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(S)-2-(氨基甲基)-3-甲基丁酸 | (2S)-([amino]methyl)-3-methylbutanoic acid | 203854-54-0 | C6H13NO2 |
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(S)-2-(叠氮甲基)-1-叔丁氧羰基-吡咯烷 | tert-butyl (2S)-2-(azidomethyl)-1-pyrrolidinecarboxylate | 168049-26-1 | C10H18N4O2 |
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(S)-2-(叔丁基-二甲基-锡氧基)-丙醛 | (S)-2-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)propanal | 87727-28-4 | C9H20O2Si |
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(S)-2-(叔丁基)-2,3-二氢苯并[d]咪唑并[2,1-b]噻唑 | (S)-2,3-dihydro-2-tert-butylimidazo[2,1-b]benzothiazole | 1213233-51-2 | C13H16N2S |
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(S)-2-(9H-芴-9-基甲氧基羰基氨基)-3-(4-甲烷磺酰基氨基-苯基)-丙酸 | N-Fmoc-4-methanesulfonylamino-L-phenylalanine | 266999-22-8 | C25H24N2O6S |
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(S)-2-(6-羟基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-3-基)乙酸 | (S)-(6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)acetic acid | 1380792-92-6 | C10H10O4 |
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(S)-2-(5-溴-1H-吲哚-3-羰基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸苄酯 | 3-(N-benzyloxycarbonylpyrrolidin-2S-ylcarbonyl)-5-bromo-1H-indole | 199659-03-5 | C21H19BrN2O3 |
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(S)-2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(吡咯烷-2-基)-1H-咪唑 | (S)-5-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole | 1255936-24-3 | C13H14BrN3 |
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(S)-2-(4-异丙基-4,5-二氢恶唑-2-基)苯酚 | (S)-2-(4-isopropyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)phenol | 131380-91-1 | C12H15NO2 |
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(S)-2-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)丁酸 | (2S)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)butanoic acid | 195202-08-5 | C13H18O5 |
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(S)-2-(2-羟基乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯 | (S)-2-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 199942-74-0 | C12H23NO3 |
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(S)-2-(2-甲氧基-2-氧代乙基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | (S)-2-methoxycarbonylmethyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 1262892-01-2 | C12H22N2O4 |
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(S)-2-(2-氯苯基)-2-(6,7-二氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶-5(4H)-基)乙酸盐酸盐 | (S)-(+)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(6,7-dihydrothieno-[3,2-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)acetic acid hydrochloride | 144750-42-5 | C15H14ClNO2S*ClH |
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(S)-2-(2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧杂烷-4-基)-2-丙醇 | 3-Methyl-5-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine | 82268-15-3 | C7H15N3O |
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(S)-2-(1H-咪唑-2-基)-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | (S)-tert-butyl 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 1007882-58-7 | C12H19N3O2 |
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(S)-2-(1-苯基乙氧基)乙酸 | (S)-methylbenzyloxyacetic acid | 287400-90-2 | C10H12O3 |
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(S)-2-(1,6,7,8-四氢-2H-茚并[5,4-b]呋喃-8-基)乙胺 | (S)-2-(1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-indeno[5,4-b]furan-8-yl)-ethylamine | 196597-81-6 | C13H17NO |
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(S)-2-(1,6,7,8-四氢-2H-茚并(5,4-B)呋喃-8-基)乙酸 | (S)-2-(2,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-indeno[5,4-b]furan-8-yl)acetic acid | 1092507-02-2 | C13H14O3 |
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(S)-2-((4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)甲基)环氧乙烷 | (S)-2-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)methyl)oxirane | 256372-58-4 | C10H9F3O2 |
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(S)-2,6-二氨基-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并噻唑 | (S)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazol-2,6-diamine | 106092-09-5 | C7H11N3S |
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(S)-2,4-双[[叔丁氧羰基]氨基]丁酸和 N-环己基环己胺的化合物 | dicyclohexylamine salt of (2S)-2,4-bis[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]butanoic acid | 201472-66-4 | C12H23N*C14H26N2O6 |
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(S)-2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二恶烷-2-甲胺 | (S)-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-2-yl)methanamine | 46049-49-4 | C9H11NO2 |
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(S)-2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二噁英-2-羧酸 | (S)-1,4-benzodioxane-2-carboxylic acid | 70918-54-6 | C9H8O4 |
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(S)-1-甲苯磺酰基吡咯烷-3-基4-甲基苯磺酸酯 | (S)-N-tosyl-3-tosyloxypyrrolidine | 133034-01-2 | C18H21NO5S2 |
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(S)-1-甲基吡咯烷-3-胺盐酸盐 | (3S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-amine dihydrochloride | 852874-61-4 | C5H12N2*2ClH |
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(S)-1-甲基吡咯烷-3-胺 | (S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-amine | 214357-95-6 | C5H12N2 |
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(S)-1-甲基-5-氧代吡咯烷-2-羧酸 | (S)-1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid | 52574-06-8 | C6H9NO3 |
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(S)-1-环丙基乙胺 | (S)-1-cyclopropylethan-1-amine | 195604-39-8 | C5H11N |
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(S)-1-氨基茚满盐酸盐 | (S)-(+)-1-aminoindane hydrochloride | 32457-23-1 | C9H11N*ClH |
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(S)-1-氨基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-甲腈盐酸盐 | (S)-1-amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-carbonitrile | 1213099-69-4 | C10H10N2 |
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(S)-1-叔丁氧羰基-2-甲基吡咯烷 | (S)-methyl-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidine | 137496-71-0 | C10H19NO2 |
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(S)-1-叔丁基 2-甲基 5-羟基吡咯烷-1,2-二羧酸 | Boc-5-hydroxyproline methyl ester | 188200-05-7 | C11H19NO5 |
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(S)-1-叔丁基 2-乙基 5-氧代哌啶-1,2-二羧酸 | (S)-1-tert-butyl 2-ethyl 5-oxopiperidine-1,2-dicarboxylate | 1260587-51-6 | C13H21NO5 |
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(S)-1-乙酰氨基-2-羟基-3-氯丙烷 | (S)-N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxy-1-propyl)acetamide | 224323-47-1 | C5H10ClNO2 |
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(S)-1-boc-4-(氨基羧基甲基)哌啶 | (S)-2-amino-2-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl)acetic acid | 368866-11-9 | C12H22N2O4 |
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(S)-1-[3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)乙胺 | (S)-α-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethylamine | 127733-40-8 | C10H9F6N |
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(S)-1-N-苄氧羰基-2-氰基吡咯烷 | (2S)-2-cyanopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid benzyl ester | 63808-36-6 | C13H14N2O2 |
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(S)-1-Cbz-3-氨基吡咯烷盐酸盐 | (S)-benzyl 3-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate hydrochloride | 550378-39-7 | C12H16N2O2*ClH |
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(S)-1-Boc-3-羟甲基哌嗪 | tert-butyl (S)-3-(hydroxymethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate | 314741-40-7 | C10H20N2O3 |
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(S)-1-Boc-3-羟甲基哌啶 | tert-butyl (3S)-3-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate | 140695-84-7 | C11H21NO3 |
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(S)-1-Boc-3-氨甲基吡咯烷 | tert-butyl (S)-3-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 199175-10-5 | C10H20N2O2 |
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(S)-1-Boc-2-甲酸-4-哌啶酮 | (S)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-oxopiperidine-2-carboxylic acid | 198646-60-5 | C11H17NO5 |
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(S)-1-BOC-3-哌啶乙酸甲酯 | (S)-tert-Butyl 3-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate | 1217737-76-2 | C13H23NO4 |
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(S)-1-BOC-2-氮杂环丁烷甲醇 | 2-(S)-hydroxymethyl-azetidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 161511-85-9 | C9H17NO3 |
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(S)-1-BOC--3-碘吡咯烷 | tert-Butyl (3S)-3-iodopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 1234576-81-8 | C9H16INO2 |
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(S)-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)乙胺盐酸盐 | (1S)-1-(oxan-4-yl)ethanamine hydrochloride | 1269756-02-6 | C7H15NO*ClH |
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(S)-1-(二苯基膦基)-2-氨基-3-二甲基丁烷 | (S)-1-(diphenylphosphino)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-amine | 286454-86-2 | C18H24NP |
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(S)-1-([1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-3-氯丙-2-醇 | (S)-1-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-chloropropan-2-ol | 1573000-28-8 | C15H15ClO |
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(S)-1-(5-氟嘧啶-2-基)乙胺盐酸盐 | (S)-1-(5-fluoro-pyrimidin-2-yl)-ethylamine hydrochloride | 935667-21-3 | C6H8FN3*ClH |
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(S)-1-(4-甲基苯基)乙醇 | (S)-1-(4-Methylphenyl)ethanol | 51154-54-2 | C9H12O |
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