有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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1-(3-溴丙基)吡咯 | 1-(3-bromopropyl)-1H-pyrrole | 100779-91-7 | C7H10BrN |
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1-(3-溴丙基)-1,3-二氢-2H-苯并咪唑-2-酮 | 1-(3-bromopropyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one | 103784-04-9 | C10H11BrN2O |
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1-(3-溴-苯基)-环丙烷甲腈 | 1-(3-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carbonitrile | 124276-83-1 | C10H8BrN |
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1-(3-溴-4-羟基苯基)乙酮 | 3-bromo-4-hydroxyacetophenone | 1836-06-2 | C8H7BrO2 |
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1-(3-溴-4-(羟甲基)苯基)乙酮 | 1-(3-bromo-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one | 1418144-62-3 | C9H9BrO2 |
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1-(3-溴-2-羟基苯基)乙酮 | 1-(3-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone | 1836-05-1 | C8H7BrO2 |
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1-(3-溴-2-甲氧基苯基)乙酮 | 1-(3-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone | 267651-23-0 | C9H9BrO2 |
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1-(3-溴-2-甲基苯基)乙酮 | 1-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)ethan-1-one | 52779-76-7 | C9H9BrO |
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1-(3-溴-2-氟苯基)乙醇 | 1-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl) ethan-1-ol | 1221715-80-5 | C8H8BrFO |
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1-(3-氯苯基)咪唑 | 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazole | 51581-52-3 | C9H7ClN2 |
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1-(3-氯苯基)乙醇 | 1-(m-Chlorophenyl)ethanol | 6939-95-3 | C8H9ClO |
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1-(3-氯苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮 | 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone | 20629-90-7 | C10H9ClN2O |
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1-(3-氯苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮 | 3-methyl-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-pyrazolin-5-one | 90-31-3 | C10H9ClN2O |
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1-(3-氯苯基)-2-咪唑啉酮 | 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-imidazolidin-2-one | 14088-98-3 | C9H9ClN2O |
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1-(3-氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲醛 | 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde | 400877-26-1 | C10H7ClN2O |
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1-(3-氯苯基)-1,2-丙二酮 | 1-(3-chlorophenyl)propane-1,2-dione | 10557-17-2 | C9H7ClO2 |
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1-(3-氯丙氧基)-4-氟苯 | 1-(3-chloropropoxy)-4-fluorobenzene | 1716-42-3 | C9H10ClFO |
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1-(3-氯丙基)哌啶 单盐酸盐 | 1-(3-chloropropyl)piperidine hydrochloride | 5472-49-1 | C8H16ClN*ClH |
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1-(3-氯丙基)吡咯烷 | 1-(3-chloropropyl)pyrrolidine | 39743-20-9 | C7H14ClN |
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1-(3-氯-5-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酮 | 1-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone | 1125812-58-9 | C9H3ClF6O |
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1-(3-氮杂环丁基)-N,N-二甲基甲胺二盐酸盐 | 1-(Azetidin-3-yl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine dihydrochloride | 321890-22-6 | C6H16Cl2N2 |
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1-(3-氨基苯基)-5-疏基四唑 | 1-(3-Aminophenyl)-5-mercaptotetrazole | 23249-96-9 | C7H7N5S |
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1-(3-氨基苯基)-2,5-二甲基吡咯 | 3-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)aniline | 247225-33-8 | C12H14N2 |
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1-(3-氨基丙基)哌啶 | 1-(3-aminopropyl)piperidine | 3529-08-6 | C8H18N2 |
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1-(3-氨基丙基)咪唑 | 1-(3-AMINOPROPYL)IMIDAZOLE | 5036-48-6 | C6H11N3 |
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1-(3-氨基丙基)吡咯烷 | 3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)propylamine | 23159-07-1 | C7H16N2 |
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1-(3-氨基丙基)六氢-2H-氮杂卓-2-酮 | 1-(3-aminopropyl)hexahydro-1H-azepin-2-one | 24566-95-8 | C9H18N2O |
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1-(3-氨基-2-甲基苯基)乙酮 | 1-(3-amino-2-methylphenyl)ethanone | 209795-96-0 | C9H11NO |
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1-(3-氟苯基)环戊甲腈 | 1-(3-Fluorophenyl)cyclopentanecarbonitrile | 214262-90-5 | C12H12FN |
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1-(3-氟苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-腈 | 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile | 1269291-95-3 | C10H6FN3 |
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1-(3-异丙烯基苯基)乙酮 | 1-(3-isopropenylphenyl)ethanone | 87771-42-4 | C11H12O |
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1-(3-异丙氧基苯基)乙酮 | 3-isopropyloxyacetophenone | 114590-73-7 | C11H14O2 |
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1-(3-异丙基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基)哌啶-4-醇 | 1-[3-(propan-2-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]piperidin-4-ol | 832714-37-1 | C10H17N3O2 |
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1-(3-乙酰氨基苯基)-5-巯基四唑 | 1-(3-acetylaminophenyl)-5-mercaptotetrazole | 14070-48-5 | C9H9N5OS |
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1-(3-乙酰基-2,6-二羟基苯基)乙酮 | 2,4-diacetylresorcinol | 2163-12-4 | C10H10O4 |
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1-(3-乙炔基苯基)甲胺 | 3-ethynylbenzylamine | 615288-78-3 | C9H9N |
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1-(3-乙氧基-4-甲氧基苯基)-2-(甲磺酰基)乙酮 | 1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethanone | 1450657-28-9 | C12H16O5S |
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1-(3-乙基-4-羟甲基)苯乙酮 | 1-(3-ethyl-4-hydroxymethylphenyl)ethanone | 1378888-43-7 | C11H14O2 |
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1-(3-三氟甲氧基苯基)吡唑-4-甲醛 | 1-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyrazole-4-carboxaldehyde | 75815-73-5 | C11H7F3N2O |
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1-(3-三氟甲基-4-氟苯基)-2-氨基乙酮对甲苯磺酸盐 | (2-amino-1-(4-fluoro, 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethanone) p-toluenesulfonate | 1082951-17-4 | C7H8O3S*C9H7F4NO |
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1-(3-丁基)-哌啶 | 1-but-3-ynyl-piperidine | 14256-74-7 | C9H15N |
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1-(3-(苄氧基)-2-氟-6-硝基苯基)-2-丙酮 | 3-acetylmethyl-1-benzyloxy-2-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene | 288385-98-8 | C16H14FNO4 |
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1-(3,5-二氟苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酮 | 1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethan-1-one | 845823-12-3 | C8H3F5O |
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1-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-2-二甲基氨基乙醇 | 1-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-dimethylaminoethanol | 2970-95-8 | C12H19NO3 |
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1-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-1-丙醇 | 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol | 10548-83-1 | C11H16O3 |
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1-(3,4-二氯苯基)环己酸 | 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid | 162733-00-8 | C13H14Cl2O2 |
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1-(3,4-二氯苯基)乙醇 | 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol | 1475-11-2 | C8H8Cl2O |
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1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-二甲基氨基-1-丙酮盐酸盐 | 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-dimethylamino-1-propanone hydrochloride | 75144-12-6 | C11H13Cl2NO*ClH |
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1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1-环己烷腈 | 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-cyclohexanecarbonitrile | 162732-99-2 | C13H13Cl2N |
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1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1-环丁烷甲腈 | 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclobutanecarbonitrile | 84467-19-6 | C11H9Cl2N |
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