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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— potassium (S)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylate 117205-81-9 C6H9O4*K
    potassium (S)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylate
    —— 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)dimethylphosphinoethane 154781-52-9 C6H16NP
    2-(N,N-dimethylamino)dimethylphosphinoethane
    —— 1-dimethylaminoacetyl-4-hydroxypiperidine 129999-45-7 C9H18N2O2
    1-dimethylaminoacetyl-4-hydroxypiperidine
    —— (R)-3-(methoxymethyl)morpholine 696582-88-4 C6H13NO2
    (R)-3-(methoxymethyl)morpholine
    —— tert-butyl 7-amino-6-methoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carboxylate 935534-31-9 C15H22N2O3
    tert-butyl 7-amino-6-methoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carboxylate
    —— Bis(p-tolyl)phosphine oxide 2409-61-2 C14H14OP+
    Bis(p-tolyl)phosphine oxide
    —— 6-amino-7-hydroxyindan-1-one hydrobromide 1000333-87-8 BrH*C9H9NO2
    6-amino-7-hydroxyindan-1-one hydrobromide
    —— 1-hydroxy-4-(2-chloroacetamido)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 36775-23-2 C11H21ClN2O2
    1-hydroxy-4-(2-chloroacetamido)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
    —— (R,S)-4-amino-4,5-dihydro-3-cyano-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid 96846-51-4 C6H6N2O2S
    (R,S)-4-amino-4,5-dihydro-3-cyano-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid
    —— <i>N</i>-pyridazin-3-yl-acetamide 88393-95-7 C6H7N3O
    <i>N</i>-pyridazin-3-yl-acetamide
    —— potassium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate 31098-21-2 C7H11O5S*K
    potassium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate
    —— 3-(1-chloro-1-methyl-ethyl)-pyridine 40472-84-2 C8H10ClN
    3-(1-chloro-1-methyl-ethyl)-pyridine
    —— Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, zirconium salt 22464-99-9 C16H30O4Zr
    Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, zirconium salt
    —— 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole hydrochloride 6109-97-3 C14H14N2*ClH
    3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole hydrochloride
    —— 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(m-tolyl)propanoic acid 143567-11-7 C15H21NO4
    2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(m-tolyl)propanoic acid
    —— 5-sulfo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid monolithium salt 46728-75-0 C8H5O7S*Li
    5-sulfo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid monolithium salt
    —— ((1R,5S,6r)-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-6-yl)methanol 135637-92-2 C6H10O2
    ((1R,5S,6r)-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-6-yl)methanol
    —— bis(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)amine 6701-35-5 C16H15NO4
    bis(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)amine
    —— bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)ethyl]ethylamine 7628-15-1 C30H33NP2
    bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)ethyl]ethylamine
    —— sodium 2-naphthyloxyacetate 10042-71-4 C12H9O3*Na
    sodium 2-naphthyloxyacetate
    —— (3-fluoro-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester 859537-27-2 C11H14FNO3
    (3-fluoro-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
    —— ethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride 1372547-71-1 C9H14F3NO2*ClH
    ethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride
    —— 4-(trans-4-Ethylcyclohexyl)phenol 89100-78-7 C14H20O
    4-(trans-4-Ethylcyclohexyl)phenol
    —— 1-benzyloxygenipin 206755-40-0 C18H20O5
    1-benzyloxygenipin
    —— 2-amino-5-ethylthiophene-3-carboxylic acid 55502-94-8 C7H9NO2S
    2-amino-5-ethylthiophene-3-carboxylic acid
    —— 3-diphenylphosphinoaniline 36267-33-1 C18H16NP
    3-diphenylphosphinoaniline
    —— 2-butenoic acid 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl ester 53665-20-6 C8H9NO4
    2-butenoic acid 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl ester
    —— 1-(m-tolyl)prop-2-en-1-one 51594-61-7 C10H10O
    1-(m-tolyl)prop-2-en-1-one
    —— 2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-isopropylaniline 1333435-34-9 C35H33N
    2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-isopropylaniline
    —— (3S,4R)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-3,4-diol 76784-33-3 C11H15NO2
    (3S,4R)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-3,4-diol
    —— iridium(I)-(1c,5c-cyclooctadiene) chloride dimer 12112-67-3 C16H24Cl2Ir2
    iridium(I)-(1c,5c-cyclooctadiene) chloride dimer
    —— 4-(5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)-2-methylbenzoic acid 1332698-41-5 C18H11Cl2F4NO3
    4-(5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)-2-methylbenzoic acid
    —— ethyl (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)acetate 26664-86-8 C11H12O4
    ethyl (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)acetate
    —— 1-(2',6',6'-trimethyl-2'-cyclohexenyl)-3-buten-1-one 31089-90-4 C13H20O
    1-(2',6',6'-trimethyl-2'-cyclohexenyl)-3-buten-1-one
    —— (RS)-2-amino-2-methylbutanamide 59209-90-4 C5H12N2O
    (RS)-2-amino-2-methylbutanamide
    —— 2-chloro-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl cyanide 500016-41-1 C10H10ClNO2
    2-chloro-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl cyanide
    —— 5,6-dibromo-1H-benzotriazole 716320-92-2 C6H3Br2N3
    5,6-dibromo-1H-benzotriazole
    —— (1R,2S,4S,5S)-cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol 131435-06-8 C6H12O5
    (1R,2S,4S,5S)-cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
    —— 3-Ethinyl-2-furancarbaldehyd 113893-58-6 C7H4O2
    3-Ethinyl-2-furancarbaldehyd
    —— chloro-di-(3-methylphenyl)phosphine 13685-23-9 C14H14ClP
    chloro-di-(3-methylphenyl)phosphine
    —— 1,2-bis[4-(formyl)phenyl]disulfane 100538-31-6 C14H10O2S2
    1,2-bis[4-(formyl)phenyl]disulfane
    —— ethyl 2-(6-bromo-2-nitropyridin-3-yloxy)acetate 443956-09-0 C9H9BrN2O5
    ethyl 2-(6-bromo-2-nitropyridin-3-yloxy)acetate
    —— (-)-(S)-3-methylcyclohex-1-ene 591-48-0 C7H12
    (-)-(S)-3-methylcyclohex-1-ene
    —— 2,2'-(Diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2,4-dimethylpentanenitrile) 4419-11-8 C14H24N4
    2,2'-(Diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2,4-dimethylpentanenitrile)
    —— (3aRS,5aRS,9aRS,9bSR)-dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylnaphtho[2,1-b]furan 3738-00-9 C16H28O
    (3aRS,5aRS,9aRS,9bSR)-dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylnaphtho[2,1-b]furan
    —— 2-(2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)acetic acid 1008737-00-5 C8H6F3NO2
    2-(2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)acetic acid
    —— DL-N-acetyl-3-aminopropane-1,2-diol 16527-24-5 C5H11NO3
    DL-N-acetyl-3-aminopropane-1,2-diol
    —— 5-amino-3-methyl-1-(4-sulfophenyl)pyrazole 69075-48-5 C10H11N3O3S
    5-amino-3-methyl-1-(4-sulfophenyl)pyrazole
    —— ethyl 6-methoxyindole-3-carboxylate 88612-61-7 C12H13NO3
    ethyl 6-methoxyindole-3-carboxylate
    —— 1-Cyclopropyl-2-(3-methoxy-phenylsulfanyl)-ethanone 90359-86-7 C12H14O2S
    1-Cyclopropyl-2-(3-methoxy-phenylsulfanyl)-ethanone