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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-[(E)-{4-[(Butan-2-yl)(butyl)amino]phenyl}diazenyl]-4-methoxy-1,3-thiazole-5-carbaldehyde 153196-63-5 C19H26N4O2S
    2-[(E)-{4-[(Butan-2-yl)(butyl)amino]phenyl}diazenyl]-4-methoxy-1,3-thiazole-5-carbaldehyde
    —— [(2-{(E)-[4-(Dibutylamino)phenyl]diazenyl}-4-methoxy-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methylidene]propanedinitrile 153196-70-4 C22H26N6OS
    [(2-{(E)-[4-(Dibutylamino)phenyl]diazenyl}-4-methoxy-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methylidene]propanedinitrile
    —— 3-{2-[(Methanesulfonyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}-2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ium chloride 202658-89-7 C11H13ClN2O3S2
    3-{2-[(Methanesulfonyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}-2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ium chloride
    —— 3,9-Diazabicyclo[4.2.1]nonan-4-one 1210963-09-9 C7H12N2O
    3,9-Diazabicyclo[4.2.1]nonan-4-one
    —— (3-Isobutoxyphenyl)methanamine hydrochloride 37806-39-6 C11H18ClNO
    (3-Isobutoxyphenyl)methanamine hydrochloride
    —— Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acidcopper(II) Disodium Salt Tetrahydrate 39208-15-6 C10H20CuN2Na2O12
    Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acidcopper(II) Disodium Salt Tetrahydrate
    —— 3-(bromomethyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 1174007-40-9 C8H7BrN2
    3-(bromomethyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine
    —— 1-(3-Methoxypropyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid 1086386-77-7 C15H15N3O4
    1-(3-Methoxypropyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— methylaminomethyl-phenyl-3-boronic acid 1146614-39-2 C8H12BNO2
    methylaminomethyl-phenyl-3-boronic acid
    —— potassium;3-[(2S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15S,17R)-14-hydroxy-9-methoxycarbonyl-2,15-dimethyl-5-oxo-18-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.01,17.02,7.011,15]octadec-6-en-14-yl]propanoate 95716-98-6 C24H31KO7
    potassium;3-[(2S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15S,17R)-14-hydroxy-9-methoxycarbonyl-2,15-dimethyl-5-oxo-18-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.01,17.02,7.011,15]octadec-6-en-14-yl]propanoate
    —— (3R)-3-(2,4-dioxo-1H-pyrimidine-6-carbonyl)oxy-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate 160468-17-7 C12H17N3O6
    (3R)-3-(2,4-dioxo-1H-pyrimidine-6-carbonyl)oxy-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate
    —— Benzenesulfonic acid,6-diamino-m-tolyl)azo]-, monosodium salt 6300-61-4 C13H14N4NaO3S+
    Benzenesulfonic acid,6-diamino-m-tolyl)azo]-, monosodium salt
    —— Isopropyl 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylate 1286165-14-7 C20H18O4
    Isopropyl 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylate
    —— 5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid 1179362-83-4 C8H9NO4
    5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid
    —— Hydroxymethoxy-oxo-phenylphosphonium 61451-78-3 C7H8O3P+
    Hydroxymethoxy-oxo-phenylphosphonium
    —— 6-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine 1082041-03-9 C7H5FN2
    6-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine
    —— 3-(4-fluorobenzyl)benzoic acid 886569-97-7 C14H11FO2
    3-(4-fluorobenzyl)benzoic acid
    —— Sodium (2R)-2,3-bis(dodecanoyloxy)propyl hydrogen phosphate 108321-06-8 C27H52NaO8P
    Sodium (2R)-2,3-bis(dodecanoyloxy)propyl hydrogen phosphate
    —— 1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate, sodium salt 80724-31-8 C31H60NaO8P
    1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate, sodium salt
    —— Sodium 5-(diphenylphosphinoyl)pentanoate 71140-70-0 C17H18NaO3P
    Sodium 5-(diphenylphosphinoyl)pentanoate
    —— Tolterodine hydrochloride 124936-75-0 C22H32ClNO
    Tolterodine hydrochloride
    —— Lasmiditan Succinate 439239-92-6 C42H42F6N6O8
    Lasmiditan Succinate
    —— 6-tert-butyl 3-methyl 4,5-dihydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-3,6(7H)-dicarboxylate 1260655-07-9 C13H18N2O5
    6-tert-butyl 3-methyl 4,5-dihydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-3,6(7H)-dicarboxylate
    —— (3,4-Dihydro-2H-chromen-6-ylmethyl)amine hydrochloride 1255718-26-3 C10H14ClNO
    (3,4-Dihydro-2H-chromen-6-ylmethyl)amine hydrochloride
    —— 6-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid 1256811-93-4 C7H4ClN3O2
    6-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid
    —— IS-741 sodium monohydrate 351999-87-6 C15H21F3N3NaO4S
    IS-741 sodium monohydrate
    —— Aminooxy-PEG8-methane HCl salt 2055024-52-5 C17H37NO9
    Aminooxy-PEG8-methane HCl salt
    —— Lead hypophosphite 10294-58-3 H2O4P2Pb+2
    Lead hypophosphite
    —— 6-Aminopyridin-2-ol hydrochloride 1174534-46-3 C5H7ClN2O
    6-Aminopyridin-2-ol hydrochloride
    —— C-{1-[2-(4-Aminomethyl-piperidin-1-YL)-ethyl]-piperidin-4-YL}-methylamine 865075-24-7 C14H30N4
    C-{1-[2-(4-Aminomethyl-piperidin-1-YL)-ethyl]-piperidin-4-YL}-methylamine
    —— 4-Bromo-3-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 1092286-06-0 C6H6BrNO2
    4-Bromo-3-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)nickel 14949-69-0 C10H8F12NiO6
    Bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)nickel
    —— 2-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid 1083172-73-9 C9H8ClFO2
    2-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid
    —— 3,5-Diiodo-4-methylpyridin-2-amine 1353101-03-7 C6H6I2N2
    3,5-Diiodo-4-methylpyridin-2-amine
    —— (1S,2S,4R)-7-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid 918411-46-8 C12H19NO4
    (1S,2S,4R)-7-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (8S,9S,10R,14S)-13-Ethyl-17-hydroxy-11-methylene-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3(2H)-one 220332-82-1 C20H28O2
    (8S,9S,10R,14S)-13-Ethyl-17-hydroxy-11-methylene-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3(2H)-one
    —— (1S,2S)-trans-2-methylamino cyclohexanol hydrochloride 260392-65-2 C7H15NO*ClH
    (1S,2S)-trans-2-methylamino cyclohexanol hydrochloride
    —— Chitosan Trimer 117436-78-9 C18H38Cl3N3O13
    Chitosan Trimer
    —— 4-(N6-tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine 934816-43-0 C11H14N4O2
    4-(N6-tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine
    —— (S)-1-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-2-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 706806-58-8 C13H23NO4
    (S)-1-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-2-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Pentasodium 2-[oxidobis[4-(phosphonnatooxy)phenyl]methyl]benzoate 2382-56-1 C20H13Na5O11P2
    Pentasodium 2-[oxidobis[4-(phosphonnatooxy)phenyl]methyl]benzoate
    —— (5aR,8aR)-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-[2]benzofuro[5,6-f][1,3]benzodioxole-5,8-dione 477-49-6 C22H20O8
    (5aR,8aR)-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-[2]benzofuro[5,6-f][1,3]benzodioxole-5,8-dione
    —— Titanate(3-), (P,P-bis(2-ethylhexyl) diphosphato(2-)-kappaO'')bis(P,P-bis(2-ethylhexyl) diphosphato(2-)-kappaO'',kappaO'''')(2,2-bis((2-propenyloxy)methyl)-1-butanolato-kappaO)-, trihydrogen 103432-54-8 C60H133O24P6Ti+3
    Titanate(3-), (P,P-bis(2-ethylhexyl) diphosphato(2-)-kappaO'')bis(P,P-bis(2-ethylhexyl) diphosphato(2-)-kappaO'',kappaO'''')(2,2-bis((2-propenyloxy)methyl)-1-butanolato-kappaO)-, trihydrogen
    —— Benzyl 3,3-difluoroazetidine-1-carboxylate 1255666-58-0 C11H11F2NO2
    Benzyl 3,3-difluoroazetidine-1-carboxylate
    —— 6-Bromo-2-chloropyrimidin-4-amine 1333319-66-6 C4H3BrClN3
    6-Bromo-2-chloropyrimidin-4-amine
    —— sodium;2-[bis[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate;iron 12389-75-2 C14H22FeN3NaO10
    sodium;2-[bis[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate;iron
    —— tert-butyl 6-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-1-carboxylate 1333319-72-4 C18H24BFN2O4
    tert-butyl 6-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-1-carboxylate
    —— 1-(1-Methyl-1H-indazol-6-yl)ethanol 1334405-62-7 C10H12N2O
    1-(1-Methyl-1H-indazol-6-yl)ethanol
    —— Cobalt gluconate 71957-08-9 C12H24CoO14
    Cobalt gluconate
    —— Rhodium(cento)2,4-pentanedionate 14284-92-5 C15H24O6Rh
    Rhodium(cento)2,4-pentanedionate