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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethyl-6-benzothiazolinesulfonate) 30931-67-0 C18H16N4O6S4
    2,2'-azinobis(3-ethyl-6-benzothiazolinesulfonate)
    —— Ganodermic acid TQ 112430-66-7 C32H46O5
    Ganodermic acid TQ
    —— (S)-2-azido-3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid 111525-71-4 C6H11N3O2
    (S)-2-azido-3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid
    —— 2-Methoxyethane-1-sulfonyl fluoride 1087410-86-3 C3H7FO3S
    2-Methoxyethane-1-sulfonyl fluoride
    —— titanium(IV) tert-butoxide 3087-39-6 4C4H9O*Ti
    titanium(IV) tert-butoxide
    —— Ganoderic acid TN 86377-53-9 C32H48O5
    Ganoderic acid TN
    —— tert-butyl 4-prop-2-ynylidenepiperidine-1-carboxylate 1107620-21-2 C13H19NO2
    tert-butyl 4-prop-2-ynylidenepiperidine-1-carboxylate
    —— 5-bromo-1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one 1193335-01-1 C9H12BrNO2
    5-bromo-1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one
    —— [2-(dioctylamino)ethyl]diphenylphosphine oxide 25284-54-2 C30H48NOP
    [2-(dioctylamino)ethyl]diphenylphosphine oxide
    —— cyclohexyl(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methanone 22168-70-3 C15H20O3
    cyclohexyl(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methanone
    —— 2-(bromo(phenyl)methyl)pyridine 1073477-82-3 C12H10BrN
    2-(bromo(phenyl)methyl)pyridine
    —— Na-2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropionate 22898-01-7 C3HF4O2*Na
    Na-2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropionate
    —— p-nitrobenzyl 7-phenylacetamido-3-hydroxy-3-cephalosporin-4-carboxylate 53116-50-0 C22H19N3O7S
    p-nitrobenzyl 7-phenylacetamido-3-hydroxy-3-cephalosporin-4-carboxylate
    —— (RS)-3-methylaminobutyric acid 167222-94-8 C5H11NO2
    (RS)-3-methylaminobutyric acid
    —— 2-trichloromethyl-4,6-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,3,5-triazine 30863-21-9 C10H10Cl3N3O4
    2-trichloromethyl-4,6-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,3,5-triazine
    —— (6Z)-6,10-dimethyl-3-propan-2-ylidenecyclodec-6-ene-1,4-dione 38230-32-9 C15H22O2
    (6Z)-6,10-dimethyl-3-propan-2-ylidenecyclodec-6-ene-1,4-dione
    —— 3-dimethylamino-2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid 127753-35-9 C7H15NO2
    3-dimethylamino-2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid
    —— sodium 2,6-difluorobenzoate 6185-28-0 C7H3F2O2*Na
    sodium 2,6-difluorobenzoate
    —— 2-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)ethanone 929249-84-3 C8H5ClF2O
    2-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)ethanone
    —— (N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)diphenylphosphine 13119-19-2 C15H18NP
    (N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)diphenylphosphine
    —— 4,7-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one 61317-71-3 C10H8F2O
    4,7-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one
    —— (1S,6R)-6-amino-2,2-difluorocyclohexanol 1109284-40-3 C6H11F2NO
    (1S,6R)-6-amino-2,2-difluorocyclohexanol
    —— 2,6-dibromo-4-iodotoluene 704909-84-2 C7H5Br2I
    2,6-dibromo-4-iodotoluene
    —— 2-(4-formyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)acetic acid 1175146-73-2 C5H5N3O3
    2-(4-formyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)acetic acid
    —— 2,2'-(naphthalene-1,5-diylbis(oxy))diacetic acid 92423-99-9 C14H12O6
    2,2'-(naphthalene-1,5-diylbis(oxy))diacetic acid
    —— 1,3-dimethyl-7-phenyl-3-((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)indolin-2-one 1588429-91-7 C23H21NO3S
    1,3-dimethyl-7-phenyl-3-((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)indolin-2-one
    —— oxane-2-yl-methyl acetate 5440-83-5 C8H14O3
    oxane-2-yl-methyl acetate
    —— 1,3-dimethyl-3-((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)indolin-2-one 1446402-72-7 C17H17NO3S
    1,3-dimethyl-3-((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)indolin-2-one
    —— 1-benzyl-3-methyl-3-((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)indolin-2-one 1588429-88-2 C23H21NO3S
    1-benzyl-3-methyl-3-((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)indolin-2-one
    —— methyl (S)-3-(3-bromophenyl)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propanoate 546115-43-9 C15H20BrNO4
    methyl (S)-3-(3-bromophenyl)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propanoate
    —— p-Butylzimtsaeure 1209-20-7 C13H16O2
    p-Butylzimtsaeure
    —— (3S)-3-Ethylheptan-1-ol 3525-25-5 C9H20O
    (3S)-3-Ethylheptan-1-ol
    —— α.α'-Dibrom-3-chlor-o-xylol 22479-40-9 C8H7Br2Cl
    α.α'-Dibrom-3-chlor-o-xylol
    —— zinc di(acetylacetonate) 14024-63-6 C10H14O4Zn
    zinc di(acetylacetonate)
    —— 3-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride 454-66-0 C7H7FO2S
    3-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride
    —— (E)-6-(3-Hydroxy-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,12,15,16,17-octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-2-methylhept-2-enoic acid 86377-52-8 C30H46O3
    (E)-6-(3-Hydroxy-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,12,15,16,17-octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-2-methylhept-2-enoic acid
    —— 1,3-bis(2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-methylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene 1262284-06-9 C69H56N2
    1,3-bis(2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-methylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene
    —— benzyldichlorophosphane 4545-85-1 C7H7Cl2P
    benzyldichlorophosphane
    —— NSC-177886 1706-98-5 C5H13PS
    NSC-177886
    —— 3-phenylpropanoic acid-1-13C 64577-25-9 C9H10O2
    3-phenylpropanoic acid-1-13C
    —— 4-methoxyphenylphosphonothioic dichloride 37632-19-2 C7H7Cl2OPS
    4-methoxyphenylphosphonothioic dichloride
    —— (+)-3-bromo-3-phenyl-propionic acid 15463-91-9 C9H9BrO2
    (+)-3-bromo-3-phenyl-propionic acid
    —— 1,4-bis(tert-butoxycarbonylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane 507475-91-4 C20H40N4O4
    1,4-bis(tert-butoxycarbonylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane
    —— Intermedin 480-82-0 C15H25NO5
    Intermedin
    —— 6-bromo-1,3,3-trimethylindolin-2-one 1190861-69-8 C11H12BrNO
    6-bromo-1,3,3-trimethylindolin-2-one
    —— optically inactive 3.5-dimethyl-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 7124-21-2 C9H16O2
    optically inactive 3.5-dimethyl-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
    —— Manganese(II) citrate 10024-66-5 C6H6MnO7
    Manganese(II) citrate
    —— 5-(2-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a][1,4]diazepine-2-carboxylic acid 1338563-27-1 C14H14N4O6S
    5-(2-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a][1,4]diazepine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-(N-butylanilino)ethanol 3046-94-4 C12H19NO
    2-(N-butylanilino)ethanol
    —— methyl 5-(aminomethyl)-2-methoxybenzoate 900641-76-1 C10H13NO3
    methyl 5-(aminomethyl)-2-methoxybenzoate