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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 4-Hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;iron 14024-18-1 C15H24FeO6
    4-Hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;iron
    —— 4-Hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;ZINC 14024-63-6 C10H16O4Zn
    4-Hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;ZINC
    —— Cerium;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;hydrate 206996-61-4 C15H26CeO7
    Cerium;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;hydrate
    —— 2-Methylbenzene-1,3,5-triamine trihydrochloride 634-87-7 C7H14Cl3N3
    2-Methylbenzene-1,3,5-triamine trihydrochloride
    —— Neodymium oxalate hydrate 28877-87-4 C6H2Nd2O13
    Neodymium oxalate hydrate
    —— 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin--zinc (1/1) 14074-80-7 C44H30N4Zn
    5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin--zinc (1/1)
    —— 4-Tert-butyl-2-[1-(4-tert-butyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-4,5-dihydrooxazole 131833-93-7 C17H30N2O2
    4-Tert-butyl-2-[1-(4-tert-butyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-4,5-dihydrooxazole
    —— 3,3,3a,5,6,17-Hexahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-2,8,16-trioxo-2,3,3a,8,10,11,13,14,16,16b-decahydro-10,14-methano[1]benzofuro[4,3,2-jkl][2,5,8]benzotrioxacyclotridecin-11-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 19746-33-9 C27H22O19
    3,3,3a,5,6,17-Hexahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-2,8,16-trioxo-2,3,3a,8,10,11,13,14,16,16b-decahydro-10,14-methano[1]benzofuro[4,3,2-jkl][2,5,8]benzotrioxacyclotridecin-11-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    —— Potassium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-6-oxohexanoate 576-42-1 C6H9KO8
    Potassium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-6-oxohexanoate
    —— (R)-(-)-Littorin 21956-47-8 C17H23NO3
    (R)-(-)-Littorin
    —— D-altro-Heptulose 3019-74-7 C7H14O7
    D-altro-Heptulose
    —— octanoyl-coenzyme A 1264-52-4 C29H50N7O17P3S
    octanoyl-coenzyme A
    —— 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate 134-35-0 C20H25N7O6
    5-Methyltetrahydrofolate
    —— magnesium;3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-2H-quinolin-1-id-8-olate;2H-quinolin-1-id-8-olate 14639-28-2 C18H22MgN2O2-2
    magnesium;3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-2H-quinolin-1-id-8-olate;2H-quinolin-1-id-8-olate
    —— 3,3'-bipyrazole 2384-02-3 C6H6N4
    3,3'-bipyrazole
    —— α-Cyancrotonsaeure 759-72-8 C5H5NO2
    α-Cyancrotonsaeure
    —— ytterbium(3+);tricarbonate 5895-52-3 C3O9Yb2
    ytterbium(3+);tricarbonate
    —— dimethyl methoxycarbonylmethyl sulfonium bromide 19643-31-3 Br*C5H11O2S
    dimethyl methoxycarbonylmethyl sulfonium bromide
    —— sodium acetylacetonate monohydrate 86891-03-4 C5H7O2*H2O*Na
    sodium acetylacetonate monohydrate
    —— 7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde 277313-50-5 C10H6O4
    7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde
    —— tris(triphenylphosphine)chlororhodium(I) 14694-95-2 3C18H15P*ClRh
    tris(triphenylphosphine)chlororhodium(I)
    —— (1S,2R)-3,3-Dimethyl-cyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 936-87-8 C7H10O4
    (1S,2R)-3,3-Dimethyl-cyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
    —— DL-gala-quercitol 488-73-3 C6H12O5
    DL-gala-quercitol
    —— (3R,4S)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid 1227844-93-0 C17H20F3NO4
    (3R,4S)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid
    —— (±)-trans-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-phenylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid 221142-28-5 C16H21NO4
    (±)-trans-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-phenylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid
    —— titanium acetylacetonate 97281-09-9 C10H14O4Ti
    titanium acetylacetonate
    —— magnesium;methyl (21R,22R)-16-ethenyl-11-ethyl-12-formyl-17,21,26-trimethyl-4-oxo-22-[3-oxo-3-[(Z)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-enoxy]propyl]-23,25-diaza-7,24-diazanidahexacyclo[18.2.1.15,8.110,13.115,18.02,6]hexacosa-1,5,8(26),9,11,13(25),14,16,18,20(23)-decaene-3-carboxylate 519-62-0 C55H70MgN4O6
    magnesium;methyl (21R,22R)-16-ethenyl-11-ethyl-12-formyl-17,21,26-trimethyl-4-oxo-22-[3-oxo-3-[(Z)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-enoxy]propyl]-23,25-diaza-7,24-diazanidahexacyclo[18.2.1.15,8.110,13.115,18.02,6]hexacosa-1,5,8(26),9,11,13(25),14,16,18,20(23)-decaene-3-carboxylate
    —— N,N'-(o-phenylene)bis(salicylideneiminato)cobalt(II) 39836-45-8 C20H14N2O2*Co
    N,N'-(o-phenylene)bis(salicylideneiminato)cobalt(II)
    —— 2,2'-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)diphenyl ether 338800-12-7 C28H44OP2
    2,2'-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)diphenyl ether
    —— aluminium acetylacetonate 13963-57-0 Al*3C5H7O2
    aluminium acetylacetonate
    —— 2-bromo-N-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acetamide 1019399-51-9 C10H12BrNO3
    2-bromo-N-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acetamide
    —— 1,4-bis(3,5-pyrimidyl)benzene 174303-53-8 C14H10N4
    1,4-bis(3,5-pyrimidyl)benzene
    —— 4-chloro-7-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde 122978-33-0 C11H7ClO4
    4-chloro-7-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde
    —— Methyl 2-methoxy-5-(methylamino)benzoate 900641-76-1 C10H13NO3
    Methyl 2-methoxy-5-(methylamino)benzoate
    —— 1-butyl-2-imidazolidone 2385-37-7 C7H14N2O
    1-butyl-2-imidazolidone
    —— 1,3-Dimethyl-cyclobutan-dion-(2,4) 4683-57-2 C6H8O2
    1,3-Dimethyl-cyclobutan-dion-(2,4)
    —— 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-Phenylethylamine Hydrochloride 1021871-57-7 C14H14Cl3N
    2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-Phenylethylamine Hydrochloride
    —— 2-(2-((6-chlorohexyl)oxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-amine 744203-60-9 C10H22ClNO2
    2-(2-((6-chlorohexyl)oxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-amine
    —— 5-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzylalkohol 87633-45-2 C8H10O3
    5-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzylalkohol
    —— dichloro(4-ethoxyphenyl)phosphine 53534-62-6 C8H9Cl2OP
    dichloro(4-ethoxyphenyl)phosphine
    —— (S)-(-)-lactamide 2043-43-8 C3H7NO2
    (S)-(-)-lactamide
    —— 2,2-diethyloxirane 1192-17-2 C6H12O
    2,2-diethyloxirane
    —— N~6~-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)-N~2~-{[(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}-D-lysine 269061-41-8 C27H26N4O8
    N~6~-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)-N~2~-{[(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}-D-lysine
    —— disodium succinate hexahydrate 6106-21-4 C4H4O4*6H2O*2Na
    disodium succinate hexahydrate
    —— 3-(Diphenyl-hydroxymethyl)-morpholin 26581-79-3 C17H19NO2
    3-(Diphenyl-hydroxymethyl)-morpholin
    —— sodium isopropylcyclopentadienide 65090-77-9 C8H11Na
    sodium isopropylcyclopentadienide
    —— 9-aminoacridine hydrochloride monohydrate 52417-22-8 C13H10N2*ClH*H2O
    9-aminoacridine hydrochloride monohydrate
    —— (E)-5-methyl-2-hepten-4-one 102322-83-8 C8H14O
    (E)-5-methyl-2-hepten-4-one
    —— sodium isopropyl sulfate 52096-25-0 C3H7O4S*Na
    sodium isopropyl sulfate
    —— 3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-ol 69963-46-8 C8H9NO
    3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-ol