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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyloctane-4,6-dionato)ytterbium 18323-96-1 C30H30F21O6Yb
    Tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyloctane-4,6-dionato)ytterbium
    —— sodium (20R)-5α-cholestan-3β-yl sulfate 107584-99-6 C27H47O4S*Na
    sodium (20R)-5α-cholestan-3β-yl sulfate
    —— isopropyl-propyl-malonic acid diethyl ester 62391-98-4 C13H24O4
    isopropyl-propyl-malonic acid diethyl ester
    —— 7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine 1210048-18-2 C12H16BN3O2
    7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine
    —— (1S,5R)-1-carboxy-2-oxo-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane 143169-57-7 C6H6O4
    (1S,5R)-1-carboxy-2-oxo-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane
    —— 2-amino-4-methylsulfanyl-thiophenol 57218-18-5 C7H9NS2
    2-amino-4-methylsulfanyl-thiophenol
    —— Titanium tributanolate 5058-41-3 C12H27O3Ti
    Titanium tributanolate
    —— Einecs 264-884-1 64417-72-7 C21H26LiN7O14P2
    Einecs 264-884-1
    —— 2-hex-3<i>t</i>-enyl-5-methyl-furan 60858-07-3 C11H16O
    2-hex-3<i>t</i>-enyl-5-methyl-furan
    —— (2S)-2-phenylpyrrolidin-1-ium 1006-64-0 C10H14N+
    (2S)-2-phenylpyrrolidin-1-ium
    —— silver cyclohexanebutyrrate 62638-04-4 Ag*C10H17O2
    silver cyclohexanebutyrrate
    —— vogeloside 60077-47-6 C17H24O10
    vogeloside
    —— barium(2+); [(2R,3R,4S)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-oxo-6-phosphonatooxyhexyl] phosphate 6035-52-5 C6H10Ba2O12P2
    barium(2+); [(2R,3R,4S)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-oxo-6-phosphonatooxyhexyl] phosphate
    —— 4-(Methylamino)-3-nitrobenzoate 41263-74-5 C8H7N2O4-
    4-(Methylamino)-3-nitrobenzoate
    —— 2,4-dichloro-6-methyl-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine 1196157-27-3 C7H5Cl2N3
    2,4-dichloro-6-methyl-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine
    —— cyclohexane-1,2,3-trione 1,3-dioxime 10528-54-8 C6H8N2O3
    cyclohexane-1,2,3-trione 1,3-dioxime
    —— 4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-one sodium salt 5418-32-6 C12H9NNaO2+
    4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-one sodium salt
    —— 2-bromo-4-chloro-1-(difluoromethyl)benzene 1261476-50-9 C7H4BrClF2
    2-bromo-4-chloro-1-(difluoromethyl)benzene
    —— ((Aminocarbonyl)hydrazono)acetic acid 928-73-4 C3H5N3O3
    ((Aminocarbonyl)hydrazono)acetic acid
    —— Carnitine fuma-rate 90471-79-7 C11H19NO7
    Carnitine fuma-rate
    —— Cobalt(II) disodium 2,2',2'',2'''-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanetriyl))tetraacetate 15137-09-4 C10H12CoN2Na2O8
    Cobalt(II) disodium 2,2',2'',2'''-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanetriyl))tetraacetate
    —— Lead acetate, basic 1335-32-6 C4H10O8Pb3
    Lead acetate, basic
    —— Ethoxybis(pentane-2,4-dionato-O,O')(propan-2-olato)titanium 68586-02-7 C15H26O6Ti
    Ethoxybis(pentane-2,4-dionato-O,O')(propan-2-olato)titanium
    —— 2-Butenoic acid,3-amino-,1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)ester 14205-47-1 C12H20N2O4
    2-Butenoic acid,3-amino-,1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)ester
    —— Zinc oleate 557-07-3 C36H66O4Zn
    Zinc oleate
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-5-[(E)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-octadec-9-enoate 82933-91-3 C43H78O8
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-5-[(E)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-octadec-9-enoate
    —— Satavaptan fumarate 185913-79-5 C37H49N3O12S
    Satavaptan fumarate
    —— Azane;oxalic acid;hydrate 37541-72-3 C4H12N2O9
    Azane;oxalic acid;hydrate
    —— Diammonium-2,2' Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) 30931-67-0 C18H24N6O6S4
    Diammonium-2,2' Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)
    —— Boronic acid, B-[3-[[(2-bromo-4-methylphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-2-fluorophenyl]- 2096336-37-5 C14H12BBrFNO3
    Boronic acid, B-[3-[[(2-bromo-4-methylphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-2-fluorophenyl]-
    —— ethyl 2-[[(1S)-1-cyclohexyl-2-[(2R)-2-[[4-[(E)-N'-hydroxycarbamimidoyl]phenyl]methylcarbamoyl]azetidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]acetate 192939-46-1 C24H35N5O5
    ethyl 2-[[(1S)-1-cyclohexyl-2-[(2R)-2-[[4-[(E)-N'-hydroxycarbamimidoyl]phenyl]methylcarbamoyl]azetidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]acetate
    —— Tris[1,7,7-trimethyl-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl-I masculineO)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-onato-I masculineO]praseodymium 38053-99-5 C36H42F9O6Pr
    Tris[1,7,7-trimethyl-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl-I masculineO)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-onato-I masculineO]praseodymium
    —— 2-Propanol, gallium salt 4452-61-3 C3H8GaO
    2-Propanol, gallium salt
    —— 3,5-Dimethylbenzoic-d9Acid 80445-74-5 C31H50O8
    3,5-Dimethylbenzoic-d9Acid
    —— Clodronate disodium salt 22560-50-5 CH4Cl2Na2O6P2+2
    Clodronate disodium salt
    —— 2,13-Octadecadienal, (2E,13Z)- 99577-57-8 C18H32O
    2,13-Octadecadienal, (2E,13Z)-
    —— 28305-25-1 C6H12CaO6
    —— [(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] (9Z,12E,15E)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate 2545-22-4 C45H74O2
    [(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] (9Z,12E,15E)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate
    —— Lucidenic acid L 110267-45-3 C27H38O7
    Lucidenic acid L
    —— Tin(IV) bis(acetylacetonate) dichloride 16919-46-3 C10H14Cl2O4Sn
    Tin(IV) bis(acetylacetonate) dichloride
    —— disodium;[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate 56401-20-8 C6H11Na2O9P
    disodium;[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate
    —— 3'-guanylic acid, disodium salt 6027-83-4 C10H12N5Na2O8P
    3'-guanylic acid, disodium salt
    —— Sodium ((2R,3S,5R)-3-hydroxy-5-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9(6H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl phosphate 14999-52-1 C10H11N4Na2O7P
    Sodium ((2R,3S,5R)-3-hydroxy-5-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9(6H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl phosphate
    —— 1-amino-8-naphthol-2,4-disulfonic acid monosodium salt 52789-62-5 C10H8NO7S2*Na
    1-amino-8-naphthol-2,4-disulfonic acid monosodium salt
    —— Ethene 74-85-1 C2H4
    Ethene
    —— Glyceryl ricinoleate 1323-38-2 C21H40O5
    Glyceryl ricinoleate
    —— Tetrasodium 4,4'-((2,2'-dimethyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo))bis(3-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonate) 6771-84-2 C34H22N4Na4O14S4
    Tetrasodium 4,4'-((2,2'-dimethyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo))bis(3-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonate)
    —— guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), 2'-deoxy-, disodium salt 78101-74-3 C10H13N5Na2O10P2
    guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), 2'-deoxy-, disodium salt
    —— Tropisetron N-oxide 124077-53-8 C17H20N2O3
    Tropisetron N-oxide
    —— 107-10-8 C3H8N*H