以蓖麻油为原料:将其中的蓖麻醇酸分离出来,与苛性钠在加压及280~300℃下进行碱熔,加热反应10小时可制得皮脂酸的钠盐,同时副产2-辛醇。将钠盐溶于水,加入硫酸中和,脱色后冷却,析出皮脂酸,用冷水洗,最后重结晶。
化学方程式如下: [ CH3(CH2)5CH(OH) CH=CH( )7COOH + 2NaOH → ( )5CH(OH) + NaOOC( )8COONa + H2 ] [ NaOOC( )3COONa + H2SO4 → HOOC( )8COOH + Na2SO4 ]
以肥酸(己二酸)为原料合成:己二酸与甲醇进行酯化反应,生成己二酸二甲酯,采用离子交换膜进行电解氧化成二聚物即癸二酸二甲酯,再与氢氧化钠反应生成二钠盐,用盐酸或硫酸中和,可制得皮脂酸。
蓖麻油裂解法:在碱作用下加热水解生成蓖麻油酸钠皂,然后加硫酸酸解生成蓖麻油酸;在稀释剂甲酚的存在下,加碱加热到260-280℃进行裂解,生成癸二酸双钠盐及仲辛醇和氢气。裂解物经水稀释后,加热加酸中和,把双钠盐变成单钠盐;再用活性炭脱色后的中和液煮沸加酸,使癸二酸单钠盐变成癸二酸结晶析出,再经分离、干燥即得成品。
原料消耗定额:蓖麻油(工业品)2100kg/t、硫酸(98%)1600kg/t、烧碱(95%)1200kg/t、甲酚(工业品)100kg/t。
新环戊酮法:以钯盐-铜或铁为催化剂,在乙醇、丙醇或其他醇的溶剂中,在40-60℃低温和常压下将环戊烯用空气氧化生成环戊酮,然后用铁催化剂氧化和二聚而成。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
10-羟基癸酸 | 10-hydroxydecanoic acid | 1679-53-4 | C10H20O3 | 188.267 |
硬脂酸 | stearic acid | 57-11-4 | C18H36O2 | 284.483 |
羟基十一酸 | 10-hydroxyundecanoic acid | 6336-28-3 | C11H22O3 | 202.294 |
10-十一碳炔酸 | undec-10-ynoic acid | 2777-65-3 | C11H18O2 | 182.263 |
2-十一烯酸 | 10-undecenoic acid | 112-38-9 | C11H20O2 | 184.279 |
9-氰基壬酸 | 9-cyanononanoic acid | 5810-19-5 | C10H17NO2 | 183.25 |
10-氧代-十八烷酸 | 10-oxo-octadecanoic acid | 4158-12-7 | C18H34O3 | 298.466 |
己二酸 | Adipic acid | 124-04-9 | C6H10O4 | 146.143 |
10-羟基硬脂酸 | 10-hydroxystearic acid | 638-26-6 | C18H36O3 | 300.482 |
11-羟基十六烷酸 | 11-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid | 502-75-0 | C16H32O3 | 272.428 |
11-羟基十八烷酸 | 11-hydroxystearic acid | 13419-91-5 | C18H36O3 | 300.482 |
12-羟基硬脂酸 | 12-Hydroxystearic acid | 106-14-9 | C18H36O3 | 300.482 |
—— | 11-hydroxy-10-oxo-undecanoic acid | 859325-50-1 | C11H20O4 | 216.277 |
10,11-二羟基十一烷酸 | 10,11-dihydroxyundecanoic acid | 32779-22-9 | C11H22O4 | 218.293 |
癸二酸二甲酯 | dimethyl sebacate | 106-79-6 | C12H22O4 | 230.304 |
—— | Octadec-10-insaeure | 19220-39-4 | C18H32O2 | 280.451 |
C14-18不饱和脂肪酸钠盐 | 10-octadecenoic acid | 67701-11-5 | C18H34O2 | 282.467 |
油酸 | cis-Octadecenoic acid | 112-80-1 | C18H34O2 | 282.467 |
—— | 1,20-eicos-10-enedioic acid | 53481-04-2 | C20H36O4 | 340.503 |
—— | (E)-10-dodecenoic acid | 148751-11-5 | C12H22O2 | 198.305 |
(10E)-10-十八碳烯酸 | trans-10-octadecenoic acid | 5684-82-2 | C18H34O2 | 282.467 |
—— | 5-oxo-decanedioic acid | 1468-33-3 | C10H16O5 | 216.234 |
—— | 4-oxo-5-decenedioic acid | 114212-45-2 | C10H16O5 | 216.234 |
—— | 10,11-dibromo-undecanoic acid | 6308-96-9 | C11H20Br2O2 | 344.087 |
—— | octadeca-9,13-dienoic acid | 61056-41-5 | C18H32O2 | 280.451 |
—— | 4,7-dioxo-1,10-decanedioic acid | 5169-82-4 | C10H14O6 | 230.218 |
—— | erythro-11,12-dihydroxy-arachic acid | 125876-55-3 | C20H40O4 | 344.535 |
(Z,Z)-9,12-十八烷二烯酸二聚物 | linoleic acid | 60-33-3 | C18H32O2 | 280.451 |
—— | nonadeca-10,13-dienoic acid | 624722-07-2 | C19H34O2 | 294.478 |
10-氧代十八烷酸甲酯 | methyl 10-oxooctadecanoate | 870-10-0 | C19H36O3 | 312.493 |
癸二酸氢乙酯 | monoethyl sebacate | 693-55-0 | C12H22O4 | 230.304 |
10-乙酰氧基癸酸 | 10-acetoxydecanoic acid | 92038-37-4 | C12H22O4 | 230.304 |
—— | 10,11,15-trihydroxy-hexadecanoic acid | —— | C16H32O5 | 304.427 |
脂肪酸甲酯 | adipic acid monomethyl ester | 627-91-8 | C7H12O4 | 160.17 |
丁酸 | butyric acid | 107-92-6 | C4H8O2 | 88.1063 |
5-氯戊酸 | 5-chloro-valeric acid | 1119-46-6 | C5H9ClO2 | 136.578 |
癸二酸二丁酯 | dibutyl sebacate | 109-43-3 | C18H34O4 | 314.466 |
乙酰丙酸 | levulinic acid | 123-76-2 | C5H8O3 | 116.117 |
—— | dodec-2-ynedioic acid | 821-37-4 | C12H18O4 | 226.273 |
1-十六烷醇 | 1-Hexadecanol | 36653-82-4 | C16H34O | 242.445 |
1,10-癸二醇 | 1,10-Decanediol | 112-47-0 | C10H22O2 | 174.283 |
—— | decanedial | 45037-67-0 | C10H18O2 | 170.252 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
壬二酸 | azelaic acid | 123-99-9 | C9H16O4 | 188.224 |
辛二酸 | Suberic acid | 505-48-6 | C8H14O4 | 174.197 |
10-羟基癸酸 | 10-hydroxydecanoic acid | 1679-53-4 | C10H20O3 | 188.267 |
二十二碳烷酸 | Docosanedioic acid | 505-56-6 | C22H42O4 | 370.573 |
二十二酸 | n-docosanoic acid | 112-85-6 | C22H44O2 | 340.59 |
二十一碳酸 | heneicosanoic acid | 2363-71-5 | C21H42O2 | 326.563 |
壬酸 | nonanoic acid | 112-05-0 | C9H18O2 | 158.241 |
庚二酸 | heptanedioic acid | 111-16-0 | C7H12O4 | 160.17 |
8-壬炔酸 | non-8-ynoic acid | 30964-01-3 | C9H14O2 | 154.209 |
—— | 9-Fluor-nonansaeure | 463-16-1 | C9H17FO2 | 176.231 |
8-壬烯酸 | non-8-enoic acid | 31642-67-8 | C9H16O2 | 156.225 |
9-氰基壬酸 | 9-cyanononanoic acid | 5810-19-5 | C10H17NO2 | 183.25 |
1,2,3-三氯苯 | 10-oxohexadecanoic acid | 818-26-8 | C16H30O3 | 270.412 |
10-氧代-十八烷酸 | 10-oxo-octadecanoic acid | 4158-12-7 | C18H34O3 | 298.466 |
己二酸 | Adipic acid | 124-04-9 | C6H10O4 | 146.143 |
10-羟基十六烷酸 | 10-hydroxypalmitic acid | 23048-75-1 | C16H32O3 | 272.428 |
10-羟基硬脂酸 | 10-hydroxystearic acid | 638-26-6 | C18H36O3 | 300.482 |
癸二酸单甲酯 | sebacic acid mono methyl ester | 818-88-2 | C11H20O4 | 216.277 |
癸二酸二甲酯 | dimethyl sebacate | 106-79-6 | C12H22O4 | 230.304 |
三十酸甲酯C30 | methyl 1-triacontanoate | 629-83-4 | C31H62O2 | 466.832 |
山嵛酸甲酯 | behenic acid methyl ester | 929-77-1 | C23H46O2 | 354.617 |
10-羟基癸酸甲酯 | methyl 10-hydroxydecanoate | 2640-94-0 | C11H22O3 | 202.294 |
二过氧癸二酸 | 1,10-diperoxydecanedioic acid | 5796-85-0 | C10H18O6 | 234.249 |
—— | monoperoxydecanedioic acid | —— | C10H18O5 | 218.25 |
—— | 16-methyl-10-oxo-heptadecanoic acid | 95318-26-6 | C18H34O3 | 298.466 |
10-环戊基癸酸 | ω-Cyclopentyldecansaeure | 10592-45-7 | C15H28O2 | 240.386 |
—— | sebacoyl chloride | 23973-04-8 | C10H17ClO3 | 220.696 |
—— | 14-methyl-10-oxo-pentadecanoic acid | 101434-19-9 | C16H30O3 | 270.412 |
—— | 12-methyl-10-oxo-tridecanoic acid | —— | C14H26O3 | 242.359 |
—— | 2-methyl-nonanedioic acid | 88107-08-8 | C10H18O4 | 202.251 |
8-壬炔酸甲酯 | methyl non-8-ynoate | 7003-48-7 | C10H16O2 | 168.236 |
8-壬酸甲酯 | methyl non-8-enoate | 20731-23-1 | C10H18O2 | 170.252 |
2-羟基癸二酸 | (+/-)-2-hydroxydecanedioic acid | 103963-71-9 | C10H18O5 | 218.25 |
戊二酸 | 1,5-pentanedioic acid | 110-94-1 | C5H8O4 | 132.116 |
—— | methyl 10-oxododecanoate | 689-91-8 | C13H24O3 | 228.332 |
癸二酸氢乙酯 | monoethyl sebacate | 693-55-0 | C12H22O4 | 230.304 |
癸二酸二乙酯 | diethyl sebacate | 110-40-7 | C14H26O4 | 258.358 |
癸二酸二乙烯酯 | divinyl sebacate | 10355-50-7 | C14H22O4 | 254.326 |
癸二酸二丙酯 | dipropyl sebacate | 15419-91-7 | C16H30O4 | 286.412 |
—— | monopropyl sebacate | 4753-33-7 | C13H24O4 | 244.331 |
癸二酸二丁酯 | dibutyl sebacate | 109-43-3 | C18H34O4 | 314.466 |
癸二酸单丁酯 | Decanedioic acid monobutyl ester | 5278-98-8 | C14H26O4 | 258.358 |
—— | Di-n-hexadecyl sebacate | 26719-48-2 | C42H82O4 | 651.111 |
癸二酸二癸酯 | Decanedioic acid didecyl ester | 2432-89-5 | C30H58O4 | 482.788 |
—— | Di-n-octadecyl sebacate | 3072-03-5 | C46H90O4 | 707.218 |
双十二烷基癸二酸酯 | Sebacinsaeure-didodecylester | 2432-88-4 | C34H66O4 | 538.896 |
双十四烷基癸二酸酯 | Di-n-tetradecyl sebacate | 26719-47-1 | C38H74O4 | 595.003 |
癸二酸二戊酯 | dipentyl sebacate | 6819-09-6 | C20H38O4 | 342.519 |
—— | diheptyl sebacate | 14641-33-9 | C24H46O4 | 398.627 |
癸二酸二辛酯 | di-octyl sebacate | 2432-87-3 | C26H50O4 | 426.681 |
—— | 10-(octyloxy)-10-oxodecanoic acid | 6734-77-6 | C18H34O4 | 314.466 |
双二十二烷基癸二酸酯 | di-behenyl sebacate | 42233-75-0 | C54H106O4 | 819.433 |
10-氯-10-氧代癸酸甲酯 | methyl 10-chloro-10-oxodecanoate | 14065-32-8 | C11H19ClO3 | 234.723 |
—— | decanedioic acid dipentadecyl ester | 28891-29-4 | C40H78O4 | 623.057 |
—— | decanedioic acid diundecyl ester | 14641-31-7 | C32H62O4 | 510.842 |
—— | decanedioic acid ditridecyl ester | 2741-62-0 | C36H70O4 | 566.949 |
—— | decanedioic acid diheptadecyl ester | 26719-49-3 | C44H86O4 | 679.164 |
癸二酸二壬酯 | decanedioic acid dinonyl ester | 4121-16-8 | C28H54O4 | 454.734 |
癸烷二酸二己酯 | Di-n-hexyl sebacate | 2449-10-7 | C22H42O4 | 370.573 |
—— | 9-carbamoyl-nonanoic acid methyl ester | 53663-35-7 | C11H21NO3 | 215.293 |
—— | 10-Oxo-10-pentoxydecanoic acid | 5278-99-9 | C15H28O4 | 272.385 |
—— | 1,8-dioxa-cyclooctadecane-9,18-dione | 15108-61-9 | C16H28O4 | 284.396 |
(E)-癸-2-烯二酸 | 2E-decene-1,10-dioic acid | 37443-67-7 | C10H16O4 | 200.235 |
—— | tetradecanedial | 63521-77-7 | C14H26O2 | 226.359 |
—— | decanedial | 45037-67-0 | C10H18O2 | 170.252 |
1,10-癸二醇 | 1,10-Decanediol | 112-47-0 | C10H22O2 | 174.283 |
三十烷醇 | Triacontanol | 593-50-0 | C30H62O | 438.822 |
辛二醛 | 1,8-octanedial | 638-54-0 | C8H14O2 | 142.198 |
—— | 2-aminoundecanoic acid | 27323-47-3 | C11H23NO2 | 201.309 |
—— | 1,7-dioxa-cycloheptadecane-8,17-dione | 58296-39-2 | C15H26O4 | 270.369 |
—— | decanedioic acid bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl ester) | 17200-46-3 | C14H26O6 | 290.357 |
9-氟壬酸乙酯 | 9-fluoro-nonanoic acid ethyl ester | 462-68-0 | C11H21FO2 | 204.285 |
—— | ethyl 10-hydroxyoctadecanoate | 119003-47-3 | C20H40O3 | 328.536 |
—— | ethyl 10-oxooctadecanoate | 18490-59-0 | C20H38O3 | 326.52 |