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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Zinc Citrate 546-46-3 C12H10O14Zn3
    Zinc Citrate
    —— 1-Carbamoyl-3-methylpyrazole 873-50-7 C5H7N3O
    1-Carbamoyl-3-methylpyrazole
    —— Aluminum tartrate 815-78-1 C12H12Al2O18
    Aluminum tartrate
    —— Acetic acid, (2,4-dinitrophenyl)- 643-43-6 C8H6N2O6
    Acetic acid, (2,4-dinitrophenyl)-
    —— Cholesterol, propionate 633-31-8 C30H50O2
    Cholesterol, propionate
    —— ZINC formate 557-41-5 C2H2O4Zn
    ZINC formate
    —— Cerium triacetate 537-00-8 C6H9CeO6
    Cerium triacetate
    —— 4,5,7-Trihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1-carboxylic acid 478-45-5 C15H8O7
    4,5,7-Trihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1-carboxylic acid
    —— Bis(acetyloxy)-lambda2-plumbane 1335-32-6 C4H6O4Pb
    Bis(acetyloxy)-lambda2-plumbane
    —— 2-Sulfoanthraquinone sodium salt 131-08-8 C14H8NaO5S+
    2-Sulfoanthraquinone sodium salt
    —— Disodium;3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioate 144-33-2 C6H6Na2O7
    Disodium;3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioate
    —— Calcium cyclamate 139-06-0 C12H24CaN2O6S2
    Calcium cyclamate
    —— Cobalt bis(2-ethylhexanoate) 136-52-7 C16H30CoO4
    Cobalt bis(2-ethylhexanoate)
    —— 11-Hydroxy-3,20-dioxopregna-1,4-dien-17-yl propanoate 20424-00-4 C24H32O5
    11-Hydroxy-3,20-dioxopregna-1,4-dien-17-yl propanoate
    —— Lead acetate, tetra- 546-67-8 C8H12O8Pb
    Lead acetate, tetra-
    —— 19-Norandrost-5(10)-en-3,17-dion 3962-66-1 C18H24O2
    19-Norandrost-5(10)-en-3,17-dion
    —— (+/-)-17β-Hydroxy-8α-oestr-5(10)-en-3-on 3962-66-1 C18H24O2
    (+/-)-17β-Hydroxy-8α-oestr-5(10)-en-3-on
    —— 19-Nor-androsten-(5(10))-dion-(3,17) 3962-66-1 C18H24O2
    19-Nor-androsten-(5(10))-dion-(3,17)
    —— 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid 164916-63-6 C13H15NO4
    1-benzylpyrrolidine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid
    —— 2-methyl-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester 51977-22-1 C7H13NO2S
    2-methyl-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
    —— Diisopropyl-phosphoramidous acid (2S,3S,4S,5S)-5-(4-acetylamino-2-oxo-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-2-[bis-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-phenyl-methoxymethyl]-4-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl ester 2-cyano-ethyl ester 121058-88-6 C47H64N5O9PSi
    Diisopropyl-phosphoramidous acid (2S,3S,4S,5S)-5-(4-acetylamino-2-oxo-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-2-[bis-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-phenyl-methoxymethyl]-4-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl ester 2-cyano-ethyl ester
    —— (1S,3R)-3-fluorocyclopentanamine 932779-47-0 C5H10FN
    (1S,3R)-3-fluorocyclopentanamine
    —— Cholesterylsulfat-K-Salz 6614-96-6 C27H45O4S*K
    Cholesterylsulfat-K-Salz
    —— 2-amino-2-(oxetan-3-yl)acetic acid 394653-46-4 C5H9NO3
    2-amino-2-(oxetan-3-yl)acetic acid
    —— trimesitylphosphoniumyl 23897-15-6 C27H33P
    trimesitylphosphoniumyl
    —— 5-methylhistamine dihydrochloride 36376-47-3 C6H11N3*2ClH
    5-methylhistamine dihydrochloride
    —— Ergocornine mesylate 2706-67-4 C32H43N5O8S
    Ergocornine mesylate
    —— Cadmium formate 4464-23-7 C2H2CdO4
    Cadmium formate
    —— Tris-acetylacetonato-Co(III) 21679-46-9 C15H21CoO6
    Tris-acetylacetonato-Co(III)
    —— 5,7-dichloro-2-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 1373519-64-2 C6H4Cl2N4
    5,7-dichloro-2-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine
    —— Phenol, 4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-, (R*,S*)- 84-16-2 C18H22O2
    Phenol, 4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-, (R*,S*)-
    —— Isonicotinsaeure-cinnamylidenhydrazid 4813-11-0 C15H13N3O
    Isonicotinsaeure-cinnamylidenhydrazid
    —— 5-Methyl-2-(2-aminoethyl)indol*Hydrochlorid 55795-89-6 C11H14N2*ClH
    5-Methyl-2-(2-aminoethyl)indol*Hydrochlorid
    —— 3-Ethyl-5-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoliden)-rhodanin 3377-05-7 C14H14N2OS3
    3-Ethyl-5-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoliden)-rhodanin
    —— 5-(3-Ethyl-benzthiazolinyliden-(2))-3-ethyl-rhodanin 3377-05-7 C14H14N2OS3
    5-(3-Ethyl-benzthiazolinyliden-(2))-3-ethyl-rhodanin
    —— 4-(2-amino-thiazol-4-yl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester 690261-84-8 C13H21N3O2S
    4-(2-amino-thiazol-4-yl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
    —— 2-monochloro-1,2-propanediol 497-04-1 C3H7ClO2
    2-monochloro-1,2-propanediol
    —— 2,3,4,5-tetrafluorobenzoic acid sodium salt 67852-79-3 C7HF4O2*Na
    2,3,4,5-tetrafluorobenzoic acid sodium salt
    —— dioctyltin maleate 16091-18-2 C4H2O4*C16H34Sn
    dioctyltin maleate
    —— 1.4-Dibrom-2.6-dichlor-benzol 19393-97-6 C6H2Br2Cl2
    1.4-Dibrom-2.6-dichlor-benzol
    —— 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-isochromene-1-thione 92964-70-0 C16H12O2S
    3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-isochromene-1-thione
    —— N1,N1,4-trimethylpentane-1,2-diamine 72080-90-1 C8H20N2
    N1,N1,4-trimethylpentane-1,2-diamine
    —— 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid sodium 25293-52-1 C10H8NO3S*Na
    2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid sodium
    —— niaproof 4 139-88-8 C14H29O4S*Na
    niaproof 4
    —— O-(2,6-Dichlorbenzyl)tyrosin 40298-69-9 C16H15Cl2NO3
    O-(2,6-Dichlorbenzyl)tyrosin
    —— 4-(2-chlorophenylhydrazono)-3-methyl-4H-isoxazol-5-one 5707-69-7 C10H8ClN3O2
    4-(2-chlorophenylhydrazono)-3-methyl-4H-isoxazol-5-one
    —— Apoatropin-hydrochlorid 5978-81-4 C17H21NO2*ClH
    Apoatropin-hydrochlorid
    —— Sodium; 2-[4-(3,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoylamino]-ethanesulfonate 1180-95-6 C26H44NO6S*Na
    Sodium; 2-[4-(3,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoylamino]-ethanesulfonate
    —— S-2-((4-(p-Ethoxyphenyl)butyl)amino)ethyl thiosulfate 21224-60-2 C14H23NO4S2
    S-2-((4-(p-Ethoxyphenyl)butyl)amino)ethyl thiosulfate
    —— 3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinolin-2-amine 76180-96-6 C11H10N4
    3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinolin-2-amine