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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— bis(isopropylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride 58628-40-3 C16H22Cl2Zr
    bis(isopropylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride
    —— 3-cyclohexyloxypropyl alcohol 75322-09-7 C9H18O2
    3-cyclohexyloxypropyl alcohol
    —— 3-(cyclopropyl)acrylic acid 5687-78-5 C6H8O2
    3-(cyclopropyl)acrylic acid
    —— 4-[4-(4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl]-benzoic acid 77666-73-0 C18H14N2O4
    4-[4-(4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl]-benzoic acid
    —— <i>N</i>-acetyl-4-amino-phenylalanine 68319-36-8 C11H14N2O3
    <i>N</i>-acetyl-4-amino-phenylalanine
    —— N-methoxy-N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide 329942-69-0 C11H9F6NO2
    N-methoxy-N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide
    —— (S)-benzyl (1-(N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate 114744-83-1 C13H18N2O4
    (S)-benzyl (1-(N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate
    —— sodium butylsulfate 1000-67-5 C4H9O4S*Na
    sodium butylsulfate
    —— di-tert-butyldibenzo-18-crown-6 47750-07-2 C28H40O6
    di-tert-butyldibenzo-18-crown-6
    —— 1,2,3-Trifluoro-5-[trans-4-[2-(trans-4-propylcyclohexyl)ethyl]cyclohexyl]benzene 131819-24-4 C23H33F3
    1,2,3-Trifluoro-5-[trans-4-[2-(trans-4-propylcyclohexyl)ethyl]cyclohexyl]benzene
    —— N-(3-Bromopropyl)-1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulphonamide 263156-35-0 C4H7BrF3NO2S
    N-(3-Bromopropyl)-1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulphonamide
    —— 4-(trans-4-Propylcyclohexyl)phenol 81936-33-6 C15H22O
    4-(trans-4-Propylcyclohexyl)phenol
    —— N-[4-chlorophenyl]-1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide 23384-04-5 C7H5ClF3NO2S
    N-[4-chlorophenyl]-1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide
    —— 9-(diethylamino)-5-hydroxybenzo[a]phenoxazin-2-one 188712-75-6 C20H18N2O3
    9-(diethylamino)-5-hydroxybenzo[a]phenoxazin-2-one
    —— [RhCl(COD)]2 12092-47-6 C16H24Cl2Rh2
    [RhCl(COD)]2
    —— 2-Amino-1,1,2-trimethyl-1-propanol 89585-13-7 C6H15NO
    2-Amino-1,1,2-trimethyl-1-propanol
    —— Superchrome Red G 1934-24-3 C16H13ClN4NaO5S+
    Superchrome Red G
    —— 2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)acetic acid 142121-94-6 C13H16FNO4
    2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)acetic acid
    —— Benzenesulfonic acid, 4,4',4'',4'''-(21H,23H-porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrayl)tetrakis-, sodium salt (1:4) 39050-26-5 C44H26N4Na4O12S4
    Benzenesulfonic acid, 4,4',4'',4'''-(21H,23H-porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrayl)tetrakis-, sodium salt (1:4)
    —— sodium 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzene sulfonate 54970-72-8 C6H3Cl2O4S*Na
    sodium 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzene sulfonate
    —— N-methyl-2-fluoro-4-nitroaniline 124431-92-1 C7H7FN2O2
    N-methyl-2-fluoro-4-nitroaniline
    —— diaminomethane dihydrochloride 57166-92-4 CH8N2*2Cl
    diaminomethane dihydrochloride
    —— 4,4'-dimethoxytrityl cation 14039-15-7 C21H19O2
    4,4'-dimethoxytrityl cation
    —— N-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-phenylacrylamide 73108-79-9 C15H12ClNO
    N-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-phenylacrylamide
    —— dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt 3965-55-7 C10H9O7S*Na
    dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt
    —— ethyl 3-oxohept-6-ynoate 35116-07-5 C9H12O3
    ethyl 3-oxohept-6-ynoate
    —— 1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydropentalene-2,5-dione 51716-63-3 C8H10O2
    1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydropentalene-2,5-dione
    —— 1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole 107411-29-0 C14H11BrN2
    1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole
    —— 3-((4-methoxybenzyl)oxy)propan-1-amine 191165-22-7 C11H17NO2
    3-((4-methoxybenzyl)oxy)propan-1-amine
    —— 2-chloro-6-fluoro-N-hydroxybenzimidoyl chloride 51088-25-6 C7H4Cl2FNO
    2-chloro-6-fluoro-N-hydroxybenzimidoyl chloride
    —— trans-3-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)propenoic acid 111252-31-4 C7H5BrO3
    trans-3-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)propenoic acid
    —— 1,4,5-oxadiazepane 746595-79-9 C4H10N2O
    1,4,5-oxadiazepane
    —— sodium o-aminobenzenesulfonate 13846-13-4 C6H6NO3S*Na
    sodium o-aminobenzenesulfonate
    —— 1,2-diethylhydrazine dihydrochloride 7699-31-2 C4H12N2*2ClH
    1,2-diethylhydrazine dihydrochloride
    —— 2-chloro-1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)ethan-1-one 943126-72-5 C11H10ClFO2
    2-chloro-1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)ethan-1-one
    —— pentachloro-phenol; potassium-compound 7778-73-6 C6Cl5O*K
    pentachloro-phenol; potassium-compound
    —— Mn(citrate) 5968-88-7 C6H5O7*Mn
    Mn(citrate)
    —— 4-(diphenylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde 732289-95-1 C19H15NO2
    4-(diphenylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde
    —— (+)-camphorsultam 108448-77-7 C10H17NO2S
    (+)-camphorsultam
    —— 6H,12H-5,11-methanodibenzo[b,f] [1,5]diazocine-2,8-dicarbaldehyde 457897-31-3 C17H14N2O2
    6H,12H-5,11-methanodibenzo[b,f] [1,5]diazocine-2,8-dicarbaldehyde
    —— N,N-dimethylazetidin-3-amine dihydrochloride 124668-49-1 C5H12N2*2ClH
    N,N-dimethylazetidin-3-amine dihydrochloride
    —— 68-12-2 C3H7NO
    —— magnesium citrate 144-23-0 C6H6O7*Mg
    magnesium citrate
    —— 3-methyl-1-(2-fluorophenyl)butan-1-one 626219-78-1 C11H13FO
    3-methyl-1-(2-fluorophenyl)butan-1-one
    —— 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one 51517-09-0 C2H2N2O2
    1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one
    —— potassium 2-methylbutan-2-olate 41233-93-6 C5H11O*K
    potassium 2-methylbutan-2-olate
    —— benzylphosphonothioic dichloride 6588-19-8 C7H7Cl2PS
    benzylphosphonothioic dichloride
    —— (E)-N-benzylidene-2-methylpropan-2-amine 6852-58-0 C11H15N
    (E)-N-benzylidene-2-methylpropan-2-amine
    —— 2-bromobenzenesulfonyl fluoride 1373232-47-3 C6H4BrFO2S
    2-bromobenzenesulfonyl fluoride
    —— 4-Hydroxy-3-((2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)azo)naphthalenesulphonic acid 5924-52-7 C16H11N3O7S
    4-Hydroxy-3-((2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)azo)naphthalenesulphonic acid