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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (1R,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-aminium 1986-47-6 C9H12N+
    (1R,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-aminium
    —— silver docosanoate 2489-05-6 Ag*C22H43O2
    silver docosanoate
    —— iron(III) isopropoxide 14995-22-3 C9H21FeO3
    iron(III) isopropoxide
    —— 5-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine 1393181-01-5 C6H5ClN4
    5-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine
    —— <p-(dimethylamino)phenyl>dimethylphosphine 1199-66-2 C10H16NP
    <p-(dimethylamino)phenyl>dimethylphosphine
    —— propene-1<i>c</i>,2,3-tricarboxylic acid triethyl ester 5349-99-5 C12H18O6
    propene-1<i>c</i>,2,3-tricarboxylic acid triethyl ester
    —— 2-fluoro-5-[(2,3-difluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)methoxy]-4-methoxyaniline 935287-59-5 C15H14F3NO3
    2-fluoro-5-[(2,3-difluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)methoxy]-4-methoxyaniline
    —— (1-(m-tolyl)cyclopropyl)methanol 886366-44-5 C11H14O
    (1-(m-tolyl)cyclopropyl)methanol
    —— 1-methyl-3-methylenepiperidine-2,6-dione 123435-91-6 C7H9NO2
    1-methyl-3-methylenepiperidine-2,6-dione
    —— 4-Hydroxytricyclo<5.2.1.0<sup>2,6</sup>>deca-3,8-diene 875-20-7 C10H12O
    4-Hydroxytricyclo<5.2.1.0<sup>2,6</sup>>deca-3,8-diene
    —— trans-Cyclohexan-1,3-dicarbonsaeure-monomethylester 25090-39-5 C9H14O4
    trans-Cyclohexan-1,3-dicarbonsaeure-monomethylester
    —— cis-Cyclohexan-1,3-dicarbonsaeure-monomethylester 25090-39-5 C9H14O4
    cis-Cyclohexan-1,3-dicarbonsaeure-monomethylester
    —— trans-3-(methoxycarbonyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 25090-39-5 C9H14O4
    trans-3-(methoxycarbonyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
    —— 2-(Diphenylphosphino) benzaldoxime 153358-05-5 C19H16NOP
    2-(Diphenylphosphino) benzaldoxime
    —— 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate 261703-47-3 C2H5N5*HNO3
    3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate
    —— Disodium;8-aminonaphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonate 5398-34-5 C10H6NNa2O9S3-
    Disodium;8-aminonaphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonate
    —— 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3-difluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid 1190643-85-6 C11H9ClF2O2
    1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3-difluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid
    —— (S)-1-(2-methanesulfonyl-pyridin-4-yl)-ethylamine hydrochloride 1220126-96-4 C8H12N2O2S*ClH
    (S)-1-(2-methanesulfonyl-pyridin-4-yl)-ethylamine hydrochloride
    —— Ruthenium;triphenylphosphane 19529-00-1 C72H60P4Ru
    Ruthenium;triphenylphosphane
    —— Bis(benzene)chromium 1271-54-1 C12H12Cr-6
    Bis(benzene)chromium
    —— 6-methacryloyl-6-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one 1267624-16-7 C10H13NO2
    6-methacryloyl-6-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one
    —— Bis(eta5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride 54039-38-2 C20H30Cl2Zr-6
    Bis(eta5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride
    —— 2-(difluoromethyl)-2-hydroxypropionic acid 1869-40-5 C4H6F2O3
    2-(difluoromethyl)-2-hydroxypropionic acid
    —— Ferrocene, decamethyl- 12126-50-0 C20H30Fe-6
    Ferrocene, decamethyl-
    —— 2-bromo-6-trifluoromethyl-4-heptafluoroisopropylaniline 1207314-86-0 C10H4BrF10N
    2-bromo-6-trifluoromethyl-4-heptafluoroisopropylaniline
    —— tert-butyl 3,5-dioxopiperazine-1-carboxylate 501127-89-5 C9H14N2O4
    tert-butyl 3,5-dioxopiperazine-1-carboxylate
    —— JNJ-42226314 1252765-13-1 C26H24FN5O2S
    JNJ-42226314
    —— (R)-tert-Butyl 2-amino-2-cyclohexylacetate 313979-48-5 C12H23NO2
    (R)-tert-Butyl 2-amino-2-cyclohexylacetate
    —— 2-oximino-1-indanone 80070-34-4 C9H7NO2
    2-oximino-1-indanone
    —— 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde 445302-83-0 C10H6Cl2N2O
    1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde
    —— 2-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)acetyl chloride 714963-55-0 C8H4ClF3O
    2-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)acetyl chloride
    —— 9-oxo-xanthene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid 40381-93-9 C15H8O6
    9-oxo-xanthene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid
    —— [1-carbamoyl-2-(3-indolyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamic acid benzyl ester 255371-72-3 C19H17N3O4
    [1-carbamoyl-2-(3-indolyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamic acid benzyl ester
    —— 1-[(4-Aminophenyl)methyl]piperidine-2,6-dione 258856-21-2 C12H14N2O2
    1-[(4-Aminophenyl)methyl]piperidine-2,6-dione
    —— Ferrous picrate 14866-25-2 C12H4FeN6O14
    Ferrous picrate
    —— 3-bromo-2-fluoro-5-methylaniline 1207319-71-8 C7H7BrFN
    3-bromo-2-fluoro-5-methylaniline
    —— FMOC L-tert-butylglycine 250695-67-1 C21H23NO4
    FMOC L-tert-butylglycine
    —— potassium tris(1-pyrazollyl)hydroborate 18583-60-3 C9H9BN6*K
    potassium tris(1-pyrazollyl)hydroborate
    —— (Z)-2-methyl-4-(4-nitrobenzylidene)oxazol-5(4H)-one 66949-13-1 C11H8N2O4
    (Z)-2-methyl-4-(4-nitrobenzylidene)oxazol-5(4H)-one
    —— 2-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole hydrochloride 1365884-13-4 C12H15N3*ClH
    2-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole hydrochloride
    —— piperidine-1,3-dicarboxylic acid 3-benzyl ester 1-tert-butyl ester 139985-95-8 C18H25NO4
    piperidine-1,3-dicarboxylic acid 3-benzyl ester 1-tert-butyl ester
    —— (S)-tert-butyl 3-azidopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate 125552-56-9 C9H16N4O2
    (S)-tert-butyl 3-azidopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate
    —— 2-(2-(methylamino)ethoxy)acetic acid 98137-58-7 C5H11NO3
    2-(2-(methylamino)ethoxy)acetic acid
    —— 3-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-3-ethoxy-1-phenyl-1-pentyn-4-one 171815-55-7 C19H17N3O2
    3-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-3-ethoxy-1-phenyl-1-pentyn-4-one
    —— endo-cis-2,3-Dicarboxy-bicyclo<2.2.1>heptan 1724-08-9 C9H12O4
    endo-cis-2,3-Dicarboxy-bicyclo<2.2.1>heptan
    —— endo-cis-Bicyclo<2.2.1>heptan-dicarbonsaeure-(2,3) 1724-08-9 C9H12O4
    endo-cis-Bicyclo<2.2.1>heptan-dicarbonsaeure-(2,3)
    —— {tert-butoxycarbonyl-[(2S)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)propyl]amino}acetic acid 959513-40-7 C25H30N2O6
    {tert-butoxycarbonyl-[(2S)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)propyl]amino}acetic acid
    —— (S)-α-<(R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl>benzyl alcohol 74936-95-1 C11H15NO
    (S)-α-<(R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl>benzyl alcohol
    —— Boc-Ser-N2H3 2766-42-9 C8H17N3O4
    Boc-Ser-N2H3
    —— (2R)-1-methoxy-3-phenylpropan-2-amine hydrochloride 64715-81-7 C10H15NO*ClH
    (2R)-1-methoxy-3-phenylpropan-2-amine hydrochloride