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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Zinc myristate 16260-27-8 C28H54O4Zn
    Zinc myristate
    —— Rutheniumacetylacetonate 14284-93-6 C15H21O6Ru
    Rutheniumacetylacetonate
    —— Zinc acrylate 14643-87-9 C6H6O4Zn
    Zinc acrylate
    —— Tin(II) tetrafluoroborate 13814-97-6 B2F8Sn
    Tin(II) tetrafluoroborate
    —— chromium(3+);3-oxo-1-phenylbut-1-en-1-olate 16432-36-3 C30H27CrO6
    chromium(3+);3-oxo-1-phenylbut-1-en-1-olate
    —— Diphosphoric acid, iron sodium salt 10213-94-2 FeH4NaO7P2+3
    Diphosphoric acid, iron sodium salt
    —— Lanthanum tris(2-ethylhexanoate) 67816-09-5 C24H45LaO6
    Lanthanum tris(2-ethylhexanoate)
    —— Erbium trinitrate 10168-80-6 ErN3O9
    Erbium trinitrate
    —— Neodymium trinitrate 10045-95-1 H3N3NdO9+3
    Neodymium trinitrate
    —— Butoxyethoxy acetate 82941-26-2 C8H16O4
    Butoxyethoxy acetate
    —— but-2-enedioic acid;N-[2-[[2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]amino]ethyl]morpholine-4-carboxamide 73210-73-8 C36H54N6O14
    but-2-enedioic acid;N-[2-[[2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]amino]ethyl]morpholine-4-carboxamide
    —— Platinum muriaticum [hpus] 18497-13-7 Cl6H14O6Pt
    Platinum muriaticum [hpus]
    —— 1-[2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl]-4-(3-phenylprop-2-enyl)piperazine;methanesulfonic acid 77862-93-2 C30H38F2N2O7S2
    1-[2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl]-4-(3-phenylprop-2-enyl)piperazine;methanesulfonic acid
    —— (4-Fluorophenyl)(8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-yl)methanone 96920-56-8 C15H18FNO
    (4-Fluorophenyl)(8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-yl)methanone
    —— Isobornyl isobutyrate 85586-67-0 C14H24O2
    Isobornyl isobutyrate
    —— 1-(1-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1h-pyrrole-2,5-dione 15178-63-9 C13H20N2O3
    1-(1-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1h-pyrrole-2,5-dione
    —— Myomodulin 110570-93-9 C36H67N11O8S2
    Myomodulin
    —— 1,4-Butanediamine, 2,3-dimethoxy-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, [S-(R*,R*)]- 26549-22-4 C10H24N2O2
    1,4-Butanediamine, 2,3-dimethoxy-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, [S-(R*,R*)]-
    —— [(1S,2R,4S,10R,11R,16R)-6-(Furan-3-yl)-1,7,11,15,15-pentamethyl-5,14-dioxo-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadec-12-en-18-yl] acetate 18385-59-6 C28H34O6
    [(1S,2R,4S,10R,11R,16R)-6-(Furan-3-yl)-1,7,11,15,15-pentamethyl-5,14-dioxo-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadec-12-en-18-yl] acetate
    —— (2S)-1-[(2S)-3-(4H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-[[(2S)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 24769-58-2 C16H21N5O5
    (2S)-1-[(2S)-3-(4H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-[[(2S)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Sodium 2,4-difluorobenzoate 83198-07-6 C7H3F2O2*Na
    Sodium 2,4-difluorobenzoate
    —— Cyclohexanebutanoic acid, manganese(2+) salt 35542-88-2 C20H34MnO4
    Cyclohexanebutanoic acid, manganese(2+) salt
    —— Chromic formate 27115-36-2 C3H3CrO6
    Chromic formate
    —— Neodecanoic acid, zinc salt (2:1) 27253-29-8 C20H38O4Zn
    Neodecanoic acid, zinc salt (2:1)
    —— basic brown 16 26381-41-9 C19H21N4O*Cl
    basic brown 16
    —— Copper;1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate 10248-55-2 C40H58CuO4
    Copper;1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate
    —— Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, neodymium(3+) salt 73227-23-3 C24H45NdO6
    Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, neodymium(3+) salt
    —— Ferrocenecarboxaldehyde (8CI) 12093-10-6 C11H10FeO
    Ferrocenecarboxaldehyde (8CI)
    —— 2-o-Acetyl-1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitol 13042-39-2 C8H12O5
    2-o-Acetyl-1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitol
    —— 1-[(2R,5S,7R,8S)-2,6,6,8-tetramethyl-8-tricyclo[5.3.1.01,5]undecanyl]ethanone 73398-84-2 C17H28O
    1-[(2R,5S,7R,8S)-2,6,6,8-tetramethyl-8-tricyclo[5.3.1.01,5]undecanyl]ethanone
    —— 4-(4-Ethylcyclohexyl)-4-methylpentan-2-ol 10534-30-2 C14H28O
    4-(4-Ethylcyclohexyl)-4-methylpentan-2-ol
    —— (3aalpha,4beta,5beta,7beta,7aalpha)-Octahydro-4,7-methano-1H-inden-5-ol 10271-44-0 C10H16O
    (3aalpha,4beta,5beta,7beta,7aalpha)-Octahydro-4,7-methano-1H-inden-5-ol
    —— 4-isopropyl-α,χ,χ-trimethylcyclohexanepropanol 10534-31-3 C15H30O
    4-isopropyl-α,χ,χ-trimethylcyclohexanepropanol
    —— (3-Chloro-2-phenylpropyl)(triethoxy)silane 10088-50-3 C15H25ClO3Si
    (3-Chloro-2-phenylpropyl)(triethoxy)silane
    —— Barium neodecanoate 55172-98-0 C20H38BaO4
    Barium neodecanoate
    —— (-)-(R)-menthyl acetate 5256-66-6 C12H22O2
    (-)-(R)-menthyl acetate
    —— Undecanal, 2-ethylidene- 6720-16-7 C13H24O
    Undecanal, 2-ethylidene-
    —— 4-((4-Amino-8-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)imino)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one 6201-72-5 C16H12N2O2
    4-((4-Amino-8-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)imino)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one
    —— 1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol 6-dodecanoate 5959-89-7 C18H34O6
    1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol 6-dodecanoate
    —— cis-1-Acetyl-2-methylcyclohexan 5222-62-8 C9H16O
    cis-1-Acetyl-2-methylcyclohexan
    —— Fe(2-EHA)<sub>3</sub> 7321-53-1 C24H45FeO6
    Fe(2-EHA)<sub>3</sub>
    —— 2-(Dimethylamino)-ethanol tartrate 29870-28-8 C8H17NO7
    2-(Dimethylamino)-ethanol tartrate
    —— Einecs 226-600-4 5434-31-1 C9H14O6
    Einecs 226-600-4
    —— 4-(Ethylnitrosoamino)-4-methylpentan-2-one 5569-45-9 C8H16N2O2
    4-(Ethylnitrosoamino)-4-methylpentan-2-one
    —— Propan-2-ol; titanium 546-68-9 C12H32O4Ti
    Propan-2-ol; titanium
    —— titanium(IV) 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediolate 5575-43-9 C32H68O8Ti
    titanium(IV) 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediolate
    —— 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl (R)-12-hydroxyoleate 5401-17-2 C22H42O5
    2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl (R)-12-hydroxyoleate
    —— [7-hydroxy-8-[(2-methoxyphenyl)diazenyl]naphthalen-2-yl]-trimethylazanium;chloride 68391-30-0 C20H22ClN3O2
    [7-hydroxy-8-[(2-methoxyphenyl)diazenyl]naphthalen-2-yl]-trimethylazanium;chloride
    —— 2,5-Di(nonyl)phenol; 4-nonylphenol; phosphoric acid 68186-33-4 C39H69O6P
    2,5-Di(nonyl)phenol; 4-nonylphenol; phosphoric acid
    —— trans-4-(4-Heptylcyclohexyl)benzonitrile 61204-03-3 C20H29N
    trans-4-(4-Heptylcyclohexyl)benzonitrile