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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Tris(3-methoxyphenyl)(sulfanylidene)-lambda~5~-phosphane 54824-85-0 C21H21O3PS
    Tris(3-methoxyphenyl)(sulfanylidene)-lambda~5~-phosphane
    —— 5-[(E)-(3-Phenyl-acryloyl)]-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione 519163-53-2 C13H10N2O4
    5-[(E)-(3-Phenyl-acryloyl)]-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione
    —— N-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-L-valine 63768-76-3 C7H13NO4
    N-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-L-valine
    —— 1,2-Pyrrolidinedicarboxylic acid, 2-methyl-, 1-(phenylmethyl) ester, (S)- 63399-71-3 C14H16NO4-
    1,2-Pyrrolidinedicarboxylic acid, 2-methyl-, 1-(phenylmethyl) ester, (S)-
    —— (2R)-2-amino-4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoate 66717-69-9 C6H10NO4-
    (2R)-2-amino-4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoate
    —— [4-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amine hydrochloride 648415-76-3 C7H6Cl2F3N
    [4-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amine hydrochloride
    —— (2S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-(3,5-dibromophenyl)propanoic acid 647037-87-4 C14H17Br2NO4
    (2S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-(3,5-dibromophenyl)propanoic acid
    —— (1,2-Phenylene)bis[bis(4-ethylphenyl)phosphane] 645414-57-9 C38H40P2
    (1,2-Phenylene)bis[bis(4-ethylphenyl)phosphane]
    —— 2,4-Dichloro-5-iodoaniline 647025-63-6 C6H4Cl2IN
    2,4-Dichloro-5-iodoaniline
    —— Acetic acid--2-iodoethan-1-ol (1/1) 627-10-1 C4H9IO3
    Acetic acid--2-iodoethan-1-ol (1/1)
    —— [3-(Diphenyl-phosphinothioyl)-phenyl]-dimethyl-amine 61564-32-7 C20H20NPS
    [3-(Diphenyl-phosphinothioyl)-phenyl]-dimethyl-amine
    —— [3-(Diphenyl-phosphinoyl)-phenyl]-dimethyl-amine 61564-31-6 C20H20NOP
    [3-(Diphenyl-phosphinoyl)-phenyl]-dimethyl-amine
    —— N-Acetyl-4-azido-L-phenylalanine 61487-67-0 C11H12N4O3
    N-Acetyl-4-azido-L-phenylalanine
    —— Phenylethynyl-bis-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-phosphane 61123-77-1 C22H13F6P
    Phenylethynyl-bis-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-phosphane
    —— Bis-(2-methoxy-phenyl)-phenylethynyl-phosphane 61138-62-3 C22H19O2P
    Bis-(2-methoxy-phenyl)-phenylethynyl-phosphane
    —— Bis-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-phenylethynyl-phosphane 61138-64-5 C22H19O2P
    Bis-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-phenylethynyl-phosphane
    —— Bis-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-phenylethynyl-phosphane 61123-74-8 C20H13F2P
    Bis-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-phenylethynyl-phosphane
    —— Bis-(4-chloro-phenyl)-phenylethynyl-phosphane 61123-78-2 C20H13Cl2P
    Bis-(4-chloro-phenyl)-phenylethynyl-phosphane
    —— 4,4'-[(Phenylethynyl)phosphanediyl]bis(N,N-dimethylaniline) 61123-76-0 C24H25N2P
    4,4'-[(Phenylethynyl)phosphanediyl]bis(N,N-dimethylaniline)
    —— 1H-Imidazolium, 1-methyl-3-tetradecyl-, nitrate 799246-94-9 C18H37N3O3
    1H-Imidazolium, 1-methyl-3-tetradecyl-, nitrate
    —— 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy-, 1-methyl ester 79128-78-2 C9H7O5-
    1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy-, 1-methyl ester
    —— 1-(Carboxymethyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium hydrogen sulfate 879270-11-8 C6H12N2O6S
    1-(Carboxymethyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium hydrogen sulfate
    —— Hexadecanedioic acid, mono(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester 843666-27-3 C20H37O4-
    Hexadecanedioic acid, mono(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester
    —— N-Butyl-N-[(dioctylphosphoryl)methyl]butan-1-amine 828936-16-9 C25H54NOP
    N-Butyl-N-[(dioctylphosphoryl)methyl]butan-1-amine
    —— 1,2-Bis[bis[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phosphino]benzene 823805-36-3 C34H20F12P2
    1,2-Bis[bis[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phosphino]benzene
    —— 1-Methyl-3-propyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium dihydrogen phosphate 920745-89-7 C7H17N2O4P
    1-Methyl-3-propyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium dihydrogen phosphate
    —— tert-Butylbis(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylidene-lambda~5~-phosphane 918962-32-0 C18H23PS
    tert-Butylbis(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylidene-lambda~5~-phosphane
    —— 1,2,2,3,3-Pentafluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid 917951-65-6 C4HF5O2
    1,2,2,3,3-Pentafluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
    —— [Arg8]Vasopressin TFA 129979-57-3 C73H93N14O14PolS2
    [Arg8]Vasopressin TFA
    —— potassium 4-methyl-β-styryltrifluoroborate 219718-86-2 C9H9BF3*K
    potassium 4-methyl-β-styryltrifluoroborate
    —— 2-(tert-Butoxy)-2-oxoethylzinc chloride 321745-86-2 C6H11ClO2Zn
    2-(tert-Butoxy)-2-oxoethylzinc chloride
    —— [(Dioctylphosphoryl)methyl](oxo)diphenyl-lambda~5~-phosphane 56353-19-6 C29H46O2P2
    [(Dioctylphosphoryl)methyl](oxo)diphenyl-lambda~5~-phosphane
    —— 4-tert-butyl-2-aminophenol hydrochloride 54118-63-7 C10H15NO*ClH
    4-tert-butyl-2-aminophenol hydrochloride
    —— bis-5,5'-(hydroxymethyl)furfuryl ether 54044-27-8 C12H14O5
    bis-5,5'-(hydroxymethyl)furfuryl ether
    —— 4-Diphenylthiophosphoryl-benzoesaeure 5068-24-6 C19H15O2PS
    4-Diphenylthiophosphoryl-benzoesaeure
    —— 4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)benzene-1,2-diol hydrobromide 50309-53-0 BrH*C10H15NO2
    4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)benzene-1,2-diol hydrobromide
    —— 2-Propanol, iron(3+) salt (9CI) 14995-22-3 C3H8FeO
    2-Propanol, iron(3+) salt (9CI)
    —— Phosphine oxide, heptyldimethyl- 56029-35-7 C9H21OP
    Phosphine oxide, heptyldimethyl-
    —— 3-[(diphenylphosphinoyl)methyl]phenol 922721-34-4 C19H17O2P
    3-[(diphenylphosphinoyl)methyl]phenol
    —— Bis(3-methylphenyl)(phenyl)sulfanylidene-lambda~5~-phosphane 20676-76-0 C20H19PS
    Bis(3-methylphenyl)(phenyl)sulfanylidene-lambda~5~-phosphane
    —— Formaldehyde;hydride;ruthenium(2+);triphenylphosphane;chloride 16971-33-8 C55H48ClOP3Ru
    Formaldehyde;hydride;ruthenium(2+);triphenylphosphane;chloride
    —— Nickel gluconate 71957-07-8 C12H22NiO14
    Nickel gluconate
    —— Agenap 1338-24-5 C21H38O4
    Agenap
    —— (3S,5S,10S,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(Z,2R)-5-propan-2-ylhept-5-en-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 23290-26-8 C29H48O
    (3S,5S,10S,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(Z,2R)-5-propan-2-ylhept-5-en-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol
    —— Disodium 1-lauryl sulfosuccinate 19040-44-9 C17H30Na2O7S
    Disodium 1-lauryl sulfosuccinate
    —— Acetic acid, hydroxysulfino-, disodium salt 223106-41-0 C2H2Na2O5S
    Acetic acid, hydroxysulfino-, disodium salt
    —— Navarixin 862464-58-2 C23H28N2O6
    Navarixin
    —— 2-arachidonoyl glycerol-d<sub>8</sub> 924894-97-3 C23H38O4
    2-arachidonoyl glycerol-d<sub>8</sub>
    —— 2-(2-Hydrazinylethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidine hydrochloride 1269292-40-1 C7H18ClN3
    2-(2-Hydrazinylethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidine hydrochloride
    —— Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine hydrochloride 6840-21-7 C6H6ClN3
    Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine hydrochloride