有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-(5-氨基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)-2-甲氧亚氨基乙酸 | 2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-(Z)-methoxyiminoacetic acid | 72217-12-0 | C5H6N4O3S |
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2-(5-异恶唑基)苯酚 | 5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)isoxazole | 61348-47-8 | C9H7NO2 |
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2-(5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫基)丙酸 | 2-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylthio)propanoic acid | 60725-23-7 | C5H6N2O2S3 |
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2-(5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫代)琥珀酸 | 2-[(2-sulfanylidene-3H-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)thio]butanedioic acid | 125605-97-2 | C6H6N2O4S3 |
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2-(5-叔丁基-2-羟苯基)苯并三唑 | 2-(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole | 3147-76-0 | C16H17N3O |
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2-(4’-氯甲基苯基)丙酸 | 2-(4-chloromethylphenyl)propionic acid | 80530-55-8 | C10H11ClO2 |
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2-(4’-(二甲胺基)苯基)-6-甲基苯并噻唑 | N,N-dimethyl-4-(6-methylbenzo[d]thiazole-2-yl)aniline | 10205-62-6 | C16H16N2S |
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2-(4H-1,2,4-三唑-4-基)苯酚 | 4-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole | 889129-51-5 | C8H7N3O |
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2-(4-辛基苯基)乙基溴 | 1-(2-bromoethyl)-4-octylbenzene | 268557-54-6 | C16H25Br |
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2-(4-苯基环己基)乙酸乙酯 | Ethyl 2-(4-phenylcyclohexylidene)acetate | 115880-04-1 | C16H20O2 |
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2-(4-苄氧基苯基)-噁唑-4-甲胺 | (2-(4-(Benzyloxy)phenyl)oxazol-4-YL)methanamine | 885273-44-9 | C17H16N2O2 |
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2-(4-苄基哌嗪-1-基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯 | Methyl 2-(4-Benzylpiperazino)-5-fluorobenzoate | 1256633-30-3 | C19H21FN2O2 |
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2-(4-苄基哌嗪-1-基)-5-氟苯甲酸 | 2-(4-Benzylpiperazino)-5-fluorobenzoic acid | 1256633-38-1 | C18H19FN2O2 |
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2-(4-羟基苯基)噻唑 | 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)thiazole | 81015-49-8 | C9H7NOS |
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2-(4-羟基苯基)-2-甲基丙酸 | 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanoic acid | 29913-51-7 | C10H12O3 |
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2-(4-羟基丁基)-1H-异吲哚-1,3(2H)-二酮 | N-(4-hydroxybutyl)phthalimide | 24697-70-9 | C12H13NO3 |
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2-(4-硝基苯基)噻吩 | 2-(4-nitrophenyl)thiophene | 59156-21-7 | C10H7NO2S |
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2-(4-甲氧苯基)噻唑-5-甲醛 | 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)thiazole-5-carbaldehyde | 914348-82-6 | C11H9NO2S |
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2-(4-甲氧苯基)乙胺 | 4-Methoxyphenethylamine | 55-81-2 | C9H13NO |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)乙胺 | 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)ethylamine | 50800-92-5 | C9H13NO2 |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)丙酸 | 150436-68-3 | C10H12NaO4 |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶 | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine | 31562-99-9 | C14H12N2O |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙酰肼 | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid hydrazide | 57676-49-0 | C9H12N2O2 |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯基)丙-2-醇 | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-ol | 7428-99-1 | C10H14O2 |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环 | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane | 6414-32-0 | C11H14O3 |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-吡咯烷-1-基乙腈 | 2-pyrrolidino-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetonitrile | 15190-12-2 | C13H16N2O |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1-苯基乙酮 | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetophenone | 24845-40-7 | C15H14O2 |
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2-(4-甲氧基苯乙基氨基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮 | 2-((4-Methoxyphenethyl)amino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one | 773045-10-6 | C19H23NO3 |
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2-(4-甲氧基-2-异丙基苯氧基)乙腈 | 2-(2-isopropyl-4-methoxyphenoxy)acetonitrile | 927872-64-8 | C12H15NO2 |
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2-(4-甲氧基-1,4-环己二烯-1-基)-2-丙醇 | 4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1-methoxy-1,4-cyclohexadiene | 61597-37-3 | C10H16O2 |
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2-(4-甲基苯基)苯并噻唑 | 2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-benzothiazole | 16112-21-3 | C14H11NS |
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2-(4-甲基苯基)苯并噁唑; 2-(4-甲基苯基)-1,3-苯并噁唑 | 2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-benzoxazole | 835-71-2 | C14H11NO |
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2-(4-甲基苯基)-2-氧代乙酸乙酯 | 2-oxo-2-(4-tolyl)ethyl acetate | 65143-37-5 | C11H12O3 |
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2-(4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)乙酸 | 2-(4-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetic acid | 894789-84-5 | C8H14O3 |
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2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetate | 28920-67-4 | C9H18N2O2 |
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2-(4-甲基亚苄基)-丙二腈 | 2-(4-methylbenzylidene)malononitrile | 2826-25-7 | C11H8N2 |
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2-(4-溴苯氧基)乙醇 | 2-(4-bromophenoxy)ethanol | 34743-88-9 | C8H9BrO2 |
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2-(4-溴苯基)苯并恶唑 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazole | 3164-13-4 | C13H8BrNO |
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2-(4-溴苯基)环丙胺盐酸盐 | trans-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropylamine hydrochloride | 1306604-68-1 | C9H10BrN*ClH |
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2-(4-溴苯基)嘧啶 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyrimidine | 210354-17-9 | C10H7BrN2 |
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2-(4-溴苯基)咪唑 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazole | 176961-53-8 | C9H7BrN2 |
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2-(4-溴苯基)二苯并呋喃 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)dibenzo[b,d]furan | 955959-86-1 | C18H11BrO |
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2-(4-溴苯基)丙腈 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)propanenitrile | 42186-06-1 | C9H8BrN |
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2-(4-溴苯基)丙-2-胺盐酸盐 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)propan-2-amine hydrochloride | 1173047-86-3 | C9H12BrN*ClH |
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2-(4-溴苯基)三亚苯 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)triphenylene | 1158227-56-5 | C24H15Br |
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2-(4-溴苯基)-噁唑 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)oxazole | 176961-50-5 | C9H6BrNO |
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2-(4-溴苯基)-吡咯烷 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyrrolidine | 383127-22-8 | C10H12BrN |
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2-(4-溴苯基)-5-噻唑甲醛 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)thiazole-5-carbaldehyde | 914348-78-0 | C10H6BrNOS |
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2-(4-溴苯基)-4-苯基喹唑啉 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-phenylquinazoline | 540466-42-0 | C20H13BrN2 |
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2-(4-溴苯基)-4,4-二甲基-4,5-二氢噁唑 | 2-(4-bromophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazoline | 32664-14-5 | C11H12BrNO |
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