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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3-amino-2,2,4,4-tetramethylcyclobutanol 14241-17-9 C8H17NO
    3-amino-2,2,4,4-tetramethylcyclobutanol
    —— 4-amino-N,3,5-trimethylbenzamide 1234661-54-1 C10H14N2O
    4-amino-N,3,5-trimethylbenzamide
    —— [4-(1-aminoethyl)phenyl]methanol 432047-34-2 C9H13NO
    [4-(1-aminoethyl)phenyl]methanol
    —— 3-(2-Bromethyl)-carbostyril 14141-44-7 C11H10BrNO
    3-(2-Bromethyl)-carbostyril
    —— 3-(7-amino-1-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione 191732-75-9 C13H13N3O3
    3-(7-amino-1-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione
    —— phthalimide potassium 1074-82-4 C8H5NO2*K
    phthalimide potassium
    —— 2-Methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid 1104383-68-7 C9H7F3O2
    2-Methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid
    —— tert-butyl 3,5-dibromosalicylate 88797-22-2 C11H12Br2O3
    tert-butyl 3,5-dibromosalicylate
    —— delphinine 561-07-9 C33H45NO9
    delphinine
    —— 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)pentane-2,4-dione 945558-97-4 C15H18O5
    3-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)pentane-2,4-dione
    —— bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)phenylphosphine oxide 112122-94-8 C18H15O3P
    bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)phenylphosphine oxide
    —— Manganese(2+);3-phosphonooxypropane-1,2-diolate 1320-46-3 C3H7MnO6P
    Manganese(2+);3-phosphonooxypropane-1,2-diolate
    —— Potassium 3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxypropanoate--ammonia (1/1/1) 1114-14-3 C4H8KNO6
    Potassium 3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxypropanoate--ammonia (1/1/1)
    —— Zirconium 2-ethylhexanoate 22464-99-9 C32H60O8Zr
    Zirconium 2-ethylhexanoate
    —— (<i>R</i>)-5-methyl-2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-one 33368-94-4 C4H6N2OS
    (<i>R</i>)-5-methyl-2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-one
    —— Iron stearate 19274-34-1 C36H70FeO4
    Iron stearate
    —— Bis(cholest-5-en-3beta-yl) succinate 1510-20-9 C58H94O4
    Bis(cholest-5-en-3beta-yl) succinate
    —— 17-acetoxy-3β-hydroxy-17β<i>H</i>-pregn-5-en-20-one 2381-45-5 C23H34O4
    17-acetoxy-3β-hydroxy-17β<i>H</i>-pregn-5-en-20-one
    —— Ferric tartrate 2944-68-5 C12H12Fe2O18
    Ferric tartrate
    —— Aluminum tributoxide, 95% 3085-30-1 C12H27AlO3
    Aluminum tributoxide, 95%
    —— Iron(3+) ethanolate 5058-42-4 C6H15FeO3
    Iron(3+) ethanolate
    —— (2S)-2-carboxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-5-olate;2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium 5046-71-9 C10H20N2O4
    (2S)-2-carboxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-5-olate;2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium
    —— Copper(2+) methacrylate 53721-10-1 C8H10CuO4
    Copper(2+) methacrylate
    —— Tetrabutylammonium, salt with chromic acid (2:1) 56660-19-6 C32H72CrN2O4
    Tetrabutylammonium, salt with chromic acid (2:1)
    —— Azane;(1-hydroxy-1-phosphonoethyl)phosphonic acid 2809-20-3 C2H8O7P2*3H3N
    Azane;(1-hydroxy-1-phosphonoethyl)phosphonic acid
    —— Ferric malate 5905-51-1 C12H12Fe2O15
    Ferric malate
    —— N-Acetyllysyl-prolyl-valinamide 57899-96-4 C16H32N4O3
    N-Acetyllysyl-prolyl-valinamide
    —— levorotatory form,(-)(S)-2.3-dimethyl-hexanol-(2) 19550-03-9 C8H18O
    levorotatory form,(-)(S)-2.3-dimethyl-hexanol-(2)
    —— (cycloocta-1,5-diene)Ru(2-methylallyl)2 12289-94-0 C16H26Ru
    (cycloocta-1,5-diene)Ru(2-methylallyl)2
    —— Zinc 5-nitroisophthalate 60580-61-2 C8H3NO6Zn
    Zinc 5-nitroisophthalate
    —— [3-[2,3-dihydroxypropoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-2-[(Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxypropyl] (E)-octadec-9-enoate 62700-69-0 C42H79O10P
    [3-[2,3-dihydroxypropoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-2-[(Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxypropyl] (E)-octadec-9-enoate
    —— benzyl hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-5(6H)-carboxylate hydrochloride 1312784-23-8 C15H20N2O2*ClH
    benzyl hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-5(6H)-carboxylate hydrochloride
    —— Disodium cupric citrate 65330-59-8 C6H4CuNa2O7
    Disodium cupric citrate
    —— 1-(2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)thiazol-5-yl)-2-bromoethan-1-one 1377581-61-7 C6H4BrF3N2OS
    1-(2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)thiazol-5-yl)-2-bromoethan-1-one
    —— Tris(acetylacetonato)manganese 14284-89-0 C15H24MnO6+3
    Tris(acetylacetonato)manganese
    —— (4Z)-4-heptadecylidene-3-hexadecyloxetan-2-one 10126-68-8 C36H68O2
    (4Z)-4-heptadecylidene-3-hexadecyloxetan-2-one
    —— Acetylacetone Manganese(II) Salt 14024-58-9 C10H14MnO4
    Acetylacetone Manganese(II) Salt
    —— Cholesteryl 9,12-octadecadienoate 604-33-1 C45H76O2
    Cholesteryl 9,12-octadecadienoate
    —— Acetylacetone Manganese(III) Salt 14284-89-0 C15H21MnO6
    Acetylacetone Manganese(III) Salt
    —— (2S)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid 773038-42-9 C8H15NO3
    (2S)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid
    —— Unii-Q2L6gjl8MX 99189-60-3 C10H16NO3-
    Unii-Q2L6gjl8MX
    —— Hexyl-dioxido-oxo-lambda5-phosphane 4721-24-8 C6H13O3P-2
    Hexyl-dioxido-oxo-lambda5-phosphane
    —— 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt 102601-34-3 C9H12NO4S-
    1-Propanesulfonic acid, 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
    —— {3-[(Di-tert-butylphosphanyl)methyl]phenyl}methanol 646069-76-3 C16H27OP
    {3-[(Di-tert-butylphosphanyl)methyl]phenyl}methanol
    —— Pregna-1,4-dien-3,20-dion 1162-54-5 C21H28O2
    Pregna-1,4-dien-3,20-dion
    —— 3,20-Dioxo-pregnadien-1,4 1162-54-5 C21H28O2
    3,20-Dioxo-pregnadien-1,4
    —— 1-Dehydroprogesteron 1162-54-5 C21H28O2
    1-Dehydroprogesteron
    —— lauroyl-CoA 6244-92-4 C33H58N7O17P3S
    lauroyl-CoA
    —— 17β-Hydroxy-androsta-4.6-dien-3-on 2484-30-2 C19H26O2
    17β-Hydroxy-androsta-4.6-dien-3-on
    —— Macrozemin 6327-93-1 C13H24N2O11
    Macrozemin