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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (S)-tert-Butyl 3-propylpiperazine-1-carboxylate hydrochloride 1217448-65-1 C12H25ClN2O2
    (S)-tert-Butyl 3-propylpiperazine-1-carboxylate hydrochloride
    —— 1-benzyl 2-methyl (2R,4R)-4-aminopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate hydrochloride 1217457-41-4 C14H18N2O4*ClH
    1-benzyl 2-methyl (2R,4R)-4-aminopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate hydrochloride
    —— Ytterbium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate hydrate 252976-51-5 C3H2F9O10S3Yb
    Ytterbium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate hydrate
    —— 3,5-Dihydro-1H-furo[3,4-C]pyrrole-4-carboxylic acid 535170-04-8 C7H7NO3
    3,5-Dihydro-1H-furo[3,4-C]pyrrole-4-carboxylic acid
    —— Sodium catechol sulfate 149-45-1 C6H6NaO8S2
    Sodium catechol sulfate
    —— 2,6-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, sodium salt (1:2) 1655-45-4 C10H8NaO6S2
    2,6-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, sodium salt (1:2)
    —— 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylicacid, 2-hydroxy-, lithium salt, hydrate (1:3:4) 6080-58-6 C6H10LiO8
    1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylicacid, 2-hydroxy-, lithium salt, hydrate (1:3:4)
    —— 139-89-9 C10H18N2NaO7
    —— 4-Aminophenol sulfate(2:1) 63084-98-0 C12H16N2O6S
    4-Aminophenol sulfate(2:1)
    —— tert-butyl (2S,4R)-2-cyano-4-fluoropyrrolidine-1-carboxylate 1330286-47-9 C10H15FN2O2
    tert-butyl (2S,4R)-2-cyano-4-fluoropyrrolidine-1-carboxylate
    —— 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-piperidin-4-yl-ethanone 866929-67-1 C7H10F3NO
    2,2,2-trifluoro-1-piperidin-4-yl-ethanone
    —— Poly(methyl methacrylate) isotactic 25188-98-1 C12H18N3O8PS
    Poly(methyl methacrylate) isotactic
    —— Chlorobis(ethylene)rhodium(I) Dimer 12081-16-2 C8H16Cl2Rh2-2
    Chlorobis(ethylene)rhodium(I) Dimer
    —— Creatinol sulfate 50648-53-8 C8H24N6O6S
    Creatinol sulfate
    —— 4-bromothiazole-5-carboxylic acid 1244949-48-1 C4H2BrNO2S
    4-bromothiazole-5-carboxylic acid
    —— trans-4-Aminoadamantan-1-ol Hydrochloride 62075-23-4 C10H18ClNO
    trans-4-Aminoadamantan-1-ol Hydrochloride
    —— N-Methyl-1-(quinolin-3-yl)methanamine hydrochloride 120739-69-7 C11H13ClN2
    N-Methyl-1-(quinolin-3-yl)methanamine hydrochloride
    —— Ethyl 3-amino-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate 1171919-18-8 C11H10F3N3O2
    Ethyl 3-amino-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate
    —— 2-(1,1-Difluoroethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene 1138445-06-3 C8H6F4
    2-(1,1-Difluoroethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene
    —— 3,9-Diazabicyclo[4.2.1]nonan-4-one 1210963-09-9 C7H12N2O
    3,9-Diazabicyclo[4.2.1]nonan-4-one
    —— Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acidcopper(II) Disodium Salt Tetrahydrate 39208-15-6 C10H20CuN2Na2O12
    Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acidcopper(II) Disodium Salt Tetrahydrate
    —— 3-(bromomethyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 1174007-40-9 C8H7BrN2
    3-(bromomethyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine
    —— 1-(3-Methoxypropyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid 1086386-77-7 C15H15N3O4
    1-(3-Methoxypropyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— methylaminomethyl-phenyl-3-boronic acid 1146614-39-2 C8H12BNO2
    methylaminomethyl-phenyl-3-boronic acid
    —— potassium;3-[(2S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15S,17R)-14-hydroxy-9-methoxycarbonyl-2,15-dimethyl-5-oxo-18-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.01,17.02,7.011,15]octadec-6-en-14-yl]propanoate 95716-98-6 C24H31KO7
    potassium;3-[(2S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15S,17R)-14-hydroxy-9-methoxycarbonyl-2,15-dimethyl-5-oxo-18-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.01,17.02,7.011,15]octadec-6-en-14-yl]propanoate
    —— (3R)-3-(2,4-dioxo-1H-pyrimidine-6-carbonyl)oxy-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate 160468-17-7 C12H17N3O6
    (3R)-3-(2,4-dioxo-1H-pyrimidine-6-carbonyl)oxy-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate
    —— Benzenesulfonic acid,6-diamino-m-tolyl)azo]-, monosodium salt 6300-61-4 C13H14N4NaO3S+
    Benzenesulfonic acid,6-diamino-m-tolyl)azo]-, monosodium salt
    —— 5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid 1179362-83-4 C8H9NO4
    5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid
    —— Hydroxymethoxy-oxo-phenylphosphonium 61451-78-3 C7H8O3P+
    Hydroxymethoxy-oxo-phenylphosphonium
    —— 6-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine 1082041-03-9 C7H5FN2
    6-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine
    —— Sodium (2R)-2,3-bis(dodecanoyloxy)propyl hydrogen phosphate 108321-06-8 C27H52NaO8P
    Sodium (2R)-2,3-bis(dodecanoyloxy)propyl hydrogen phosphate
    —— 1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate, sodium salt 80724-31-8 C31H60NaO8P
    1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate, sodium salt
    —— Sodium 5-(diphenylphosphinoyl)pentanoate 71140-70-0 C17H18NaO3P
    Sodium 5-(diphenylphosphinoyl)pentanoate
    —— Tolterodine hydrochloride 124936-75-0 C22H32ClNO
    Tolterodine hydrochloride
    —— Lasmiditan Succinate 439239-92-6 C42H42F6N6O8
    Lasmiditan Succinate
    —— 6-tert-butyl 3-methyl 4,5-dihydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-3,6(7H)-dicarboxylate 1260655-07-9 C13H18N2O5
    6-tert-butyl 3-methyl 4,5-dihydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-3,6(7H)-dicarboxylate
    —— Lead hypophosphite 10294-58-3 H2O4P2Pb+2
    Lead hypophosphite
    —— 6-Aminopyridin-2-ol hydrochloride 1174534-46-3 C5H7ClN2O
    6-Aminopyridin-2-ol hydrochloride
    —— Bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)nickel 14949-69-0 C10H8F12NiO6
    Bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)nickel
    —— Tetrakis(2,4-pentanedionato)titanium(IV) 97281-09-9 C20H32O8Ti
    Tetrakis(2,4-pentanedionato)titanium(IV)
    —— (1S,2S,4R)-7-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid 918411-46-8 C12H19NO4
    (1S,2S,4R)-7-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (8S,9S,10R,14S)-13-Ethyl-17-hydroxy-11-methylene-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3(2H)-one 220332-82-1 C20H28O2
    (8S,9S,10R,14S)-13-Ethyl-17-hydroxy-11-methylene-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3(2H)-one
    —— (1S,2S)-trans-2-methylamino cyclohexanol hydrochloride 260392-65-2 C7H15NO*ClH
    (1S,2S)-trans-2-methylamino cyclohexanol hydrochloride
    —— Chitosan Trimer 117436-78-9 C18H38Cl3N3O13
    Chitosan Trimer
    —— 4-(N6-tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine 934816-43-0 C11H14N4O2
    4-(N6-tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine
    —— Pentasodium 2-[oxidobis[4-(phosphonnatooxy)phenyl]methyl]benzoate 2382-56-1 C20H13Na5O11P2
    Pentasodium 2-[oxidobis[4-(phosphonnatooxy)phenyl]methyl]benzoate
    —— (5aR,8aR)-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-[2]benzofuro[5,6-f][1,3]benzodioxole-5,8-dione 477-49-6 C22H20O8
    (5aR,8aR)-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-[2]benzofuro[5,6-f][1,3]benzodioxole-5,8-dione
    —— Titanate(3-), (P,P-bis(2-ethylhexyl) diphosphato(2-)-kappaO'')bis(P,P-bis(2-ethylhexyl) diphosphato(2-)-kappaO'',kappaO'''')(2,2-bis((2-propenyloxy)methyl)-1-butanolato-kappaO)-, trihydrogen 103432-54-8 C60H133O24P6Ti+3
    Titanate(3-), (P,P-bis(2-ethylhexyl) diphosphato(2-)-kappaO'')bis(P,P-bis(2-ethylhexyl) diphosphato(2-)-kappaO'',kappaO'''')(2,2-bis((2-propenyloxy)methyl)-1-butanolato-kappaO)-, trihydrogen
    —— Benzyl 3,3-difluoroazetidine-1-carboxylate 1255666-58-0 C11H11F2NO2
    Benzyl 3,3-difluoroazetidine-1-carboxylate
    —— 6-Bromo-2-chloropyrimidin-4-amine 1333319-66-6 C4H3BrClN3
    6-Bromo-2-chloropyrimidin-4-amine