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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-(1-butoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl)oxyiminoacetic acid 76028-96-1 C11H16N4O5S
    2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-(1-butoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl)oxyiminoacetic acid
    —— Pharmakon1600-01300035 527-07-1 C6H12NaO7+
    Pharmakon1600-01300035
    —— 1H-Imidazolium, 1-methyl-3-propyl-, chloride 79917-89-8 C7H15ClN2
    1H-Imidazolium, 1-methyl-3-propyl-, chloride
    —— Strontium tartrate 868-19-9 C4H6O6Sr+2
    Strontium tartrate
    —— O-(3-Methylbutyl)carbonodithioate, potassium salt 928-70-1 C6H12KOS2+
    O-(3-Methylbutyl)carbonodithioate, potassium salt
    —— Dibenzylidenesorbitol 54365-47-8 C13H22O8
    Dibenzylidenesorbitol
    —— Copper cyclohexylbutyrate 2218-80-6 C10H18CuO2+2
    Copper cyclohexylbutyrate
    —— potassium;methyl N-cyanocarbamodithioate 10191-61-4 C3H4KN2S2+
    potassium;methyl N-cyanocarbamodithioate
    —— Bromaminan sodny 6258-06-6 C14H8BrNNaO5S+
    Bromaminan sodny
    —— Wln: QV1 &-BA- 543-80-6 C2H4BaO2+2
    Wln: QV1 &-BA-
    —— Cupric oxalate (1:1) 814-91-5 C2H2CuO4+2
    Cupric oxalate (1:1)
    —— Glucopyranoside,5 di-, beta-D- 17334-58-6 C27H40O15
    Glucopyranoside,5 di-, beta-D-
    —— Potassium;3-ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid 6148-64-7 C5H8KO4+
    Potassium;3-ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid
    —— Lactobionic acid, calcium salt 5001-51-4 C12H22CaO12+2
    Lactobionic acid, calcium salt
    —— Butanedioic acid, magnesium salt (1:1) 556-32-1 C4H6MgO4+2
    Butanedioic acid, magnesium salt (1:1)
    —— Cinnamyl o-aminobenzoate 87-29-6 C16H15NO2
    Cinnamyl o-aminobenzoate
    —— Oxalic acid, monostrontium salt 814-95-9 C2H2O4Sr+2
    Oxalic acid, monostrontium salt
    —— Potassium;2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanedioic acid 576-42-1 C6H10KO8+
    Potassium;2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanedioic acid
    —— 11389 Green 6358-69-6 C16H10NaO10S3+
    11389 Green
    —— Taurolithocholic acid (6CI, 7CI) 6042-32-6 C26H45NNaO5S+
    Taurolithocholic acid (6CI, 7CI)
    —— sodium;2-[[2-[[hydroxy-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyphosphoryl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid 119942-99-3 C23H34N3NaO10P+
    sodium;2-[[2-[[hydroxy-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyphosphoryl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid
    —— 5beta-Cholan-24-oic acid,12alpha-diol, sodium salt 302-95-4 C24H40NaO3+
    5beta-Cholan-24-oic acid,12alpha-diol, sodium salt
    —— C.I. Acid Yellow 7 2391-30-2 C19H14N2NaO5S+
    C.I. Acid Yellow 7
    —— Sodium;3-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonic acid 3542-44-7 C3H8NaO4S+
    Sodium;3-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonic acid
    —— Butyrate sodium 156-54-7 C4H8NaO2+
    Butyrate sodium
    —— Acrylic acid, calcium salt 6292-01-9 C3H4CaO2+2
    Acrylic acid, calcium salt
    —— Magnesium oxalate (1:1) 547-66-0 C2H2MgO4+2
    Magnesium oxalate (1:1)
    —— Zinc oxalate, ZnC2O4 547-68-2 C2H2O4Zn+2
    Zinc oxalate, ZnC2O4
    —— 5beta-Cholanic acid-3alpha, sodium salt 2646-38-0 C24H40NaO4+
    5beta-Cholanic acid-3alpha, sodium salt
    —— Iodozinc(1+) 2,6-dimethylbenzen-1-ide 282727-21-3 C8H9IZn
    Iodozinc(1+) 2,6-dimethylbenzen-1-ide
    —— Magnesium Ascorbate 15431-40-0 C12H14MgO12
    Magnesium Ascorbate
    —— Copper, bis(1-ethoxy-1,3-butanedionato)- 14284-06-1 C12H18CuO6
    Copper, bis(1-ethoxy-1,3-butanedionato)-
    —— Magnesium bromide 4-[(piperidin-1-yl)methyl]benzen-1-ide (1/1/1) 480424-83-7 C12H16BrMgN
    Magnesium bromide 4-[(piperidin-1-yl)methyl]benzen-1-ide (1/1/1)
    —— magnesium;ethylbenzene;bromide 22873-28-5 C8H9BrMg
    magnesium;ethylbenzene;bromide
    —— Magnesium bromide 4-chloro-2-methylbenzen-1-ide (1/1/1) 480438-47-9 C7H6BrClMg
    Magnesium bromide 4-chloro-2-methylbenzen-1-ide (1/1/1)
    —— Magnesium chloride 3-fluoro-2-methylbenzen-1-ide (1/1/1) 480424-74-6 C7H6ClFMg
    Magnesium chloride 3-fluoro-2-methylbenzen-1-ide (1/1/1)
    —— 4-(N,N-Dimethyl)aniline magnesium bromide 7353-91-5 C8H10BrMgN
    4-(N,N-Dimethyl)aniline magnesium bromide
    —— Magnesium bromide 4-phenoxybenzen-1-ide (1/1/1) 21473-02-9 C12H9BrMgO
    Magnesium bromide 4-phenoxybenzen-1-ide (1/1/1)
    —— Dicyclopentenyl alcohol 27137-33-3 C10H14O
    Dicyclopentenyl alcohol
    —— [1-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-cyclopropyl]-methanol 98480-36-5 C11H14O2
    [1-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-cyclopropyl]-methanol
    —— 5-Chloro-7-methylimidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidine 1260848-61-0 C7H6ClN3
    5-Chloro-7-methylimidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidine
    —— 3β-Hydroxymethyl-nortropan 60941-77-7 C8H15NO
    3β-Hydroxymethyl-nortropan
    —— N-(2-{2-[2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethyl)-5-[(4S)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanamide 359860-27-8 C18H34N4O5S
    N-(2-{2-[2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethyl)-5-[(4S)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanamide
    —— 2,4-Difluoro-3-isopropoxyphenylboronic acid 1451390-95-6 C9H11BF2O3
    2,4-Difluoro-3-isopropoxyphenylboronic acid
    —— (3R,4S)-rel-4-(Naphthalen-1-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride 1330750-42-9 C15H16ClNO2
    (3R,4S)-rel-4-(Naphthalen-1-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride
    —— (S)-Benzyl 2,6-diaminohexanoate bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate) 16259-78-2 C27H36N2O8S2
    (S)-Benzyl 2,6-diaminohexanoate bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate)
    —— Tylvalosin Tartrate 63428-13-7 C57H93NO25
    Tylvalosin Tartrate
    —— Trengestone 5192-84-7 C21H25ClO2
    Trengestone
    —— Einecs 301-594-7 94022-99-8 C11H11F3O2
    Einecs 301-594-7
    —— Combretastatin A1 disodium phosphate 288847-34-7 C18H22Na4O12P2+4
    Combretastatin A1 disodium phosphate