有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(1S,3S)-3-氨基环戊醇 | (1S,3S)-3-Aminocyclopentanol | 946593-67-5 | C5H11NO |
|
(1S,3S)-3-氨基环戊甲酸 | (+)-trans-(1S,3S)-3-aminocyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid | 71376-02-8 | C6H11NO2 |
|
(1S,3S)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1-甲基-1H-吡啶[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸 | (1S,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid | 40678-46-4 | C13H14N2O2 |
|
(1S,3R)-3-氨基环戊醇 | (1S,3R)-3-aminocyclopentanol | 1036260-18-0 | C5H11NO |
|
(1S,3R)-3-氨基环己醇 | (1S,3R)-3-aminocyclohexanol | 1110772-04-7 | C6H13NO |
|
(1S,3AR,6AS)-六氢环戊并[C]吡咯-1,2(1H)-二甲酸 2-叔丁酯 | (1S,3aR,6aS)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid | 597569-42-1 | C13H21NO4 |
|
(1S,2s)-反式-1,2-环己二醇 | (1S,2S)-trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediol | 57794-08-8 | C6H12O2 |
|
(1S,2s)-n,n,nn-四甲基-1,2-环己二胺 | (1S,2S)-N1,N1,N2,N2-tetramethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine | 53152-68-4 | C10H22N2 |
|
(1S,2s)-boc-2-氨基环戊烷羧酸 | (1S,2S)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid | 143679-80-5 | C11H19NO4 |
|
(1S,2s)-boc-2-氨基环己烷羧酸 | (±)-trans-N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-2-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid | 488703-60-2 | C12H21NO4 |
|
(1S,2s)-Fmoc-2-氨基环戊烷羧酸 | Fmoc-(S,S)-2-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid | 359586-64-4 | C21H21NO4 |
|
(1S,2r)-Fmoc-2-氨基环己烷 羧酸 | Fmoc-cis-2-aminocyclohexane carboxylic acid | 194471-85-7 | C22H23NO4 |
|
(1S,2r)-2-[[(4-氟苯基)甲基]氨基]环戊烷羧酸乙酯 | (1S,2R)-2-(4'-fluorobenzylamino)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester | 1140972-21-9 | C15H20FNO2 |
|
(1S,2S,5S)-(-)-2-羟基-3-蒎酮 | (1S,2S,5S)-(-)-2-hydroxypinan-3-one | 1845-25-6 | C10H16O2 |
|
(1S,2S,5R,6S)-2-氨基二环[3.1.0]己烷-2,6-二羧酸 | eglumetad | 176199-48-7 | C8H11NO4 |
|
(1S,2S,3R,5S)-3-氨基-2,6,6-三甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-2-醇 | (1S,2S,3R,5S)-3-amino-2-hydroxypinane | 69363-09-3 | C10H19NO |
|
(1S,2S)-反式-2-氨基环己醇 | (1S,2S)-2-hydroxycyclohexylamine hydrochloride | 13374-30-6 | C6H13NO*ClH |
|
(1S,2S)-反式-2-(吡咯烷-1-基)环己胺 | (1S,2S)-trans-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)cyclohexanamine | 824938-97-8 | C10H20N2 |
|
(1S,2S)-N-甲基磺酰基-1,2-二苯基乙二胺 | N-((1S,2S)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl)methanesulfonamide | 300345-76-0 | C15H18N2O2S |
|
(1S,2S)-N,N-p-二甲苯磺酰基-1,2-二苯-1,2-乙二胺 | (1S,2S)-N,N'-bis((4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl)-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine | 170709-41-8 | C28H28N2O4S2 |
|
(1S,2S)-N,N'-二甲基-N,N'-双(3,3-二甲丁基)环己烷-1,2-二胺 | (1S,2S)-(+)-N,N'-bis(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-diaminocyclohexane | 767291-67-8 | C20H42N2 |
|
(1S,2S)-2-苯甲氨基环己醇 | rac-(1R,2R)-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol | 322407-34-1 | C13H19NO |
|
(1S,2S)-2-甲基环丙烷羧酸 | (1S,2S)-2-methylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid | 14590-52-4 | C5H8O2 |
|
(1S,2S)-2-氟环丙烷羧酸 | (1S,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid | 127199-14-8 | C4H5FO2 |
|
(1S,2S)-2-(苄基氨基)环戊醇 | trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclopentanol | 68327-02-6 | C12H17NO |
|
(1S,2S)-2-(二苯基膦)环己胺 | (S,S)-1-amino-2-(diphenylphosphino)cyclohexane | 452304-63-1 | C18H22NP |
|
(1S,2S)-1,2-环己烷二甲酸 | trans-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid | 21963-41-7 | C8H12O4 |
|
(1S,2S)-1,2-环己二甲醇二甲磺酸酯 | (1S,2S)-cyclohexane-1,2-dimethanol bis(methanesulfonate) | 173658-50-9 | C10H20O6S2 |
|
(1S,2S)-1,2-双(4-甲氧基苯基)乙二胺 | (1S,2S)-1,2-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-diamine;dihydrochloride | 820965-96-6 | C16H22Cl2N2O2 |
|
(1S,2S)-1,2-双(2-甲氧基苯基)-1,2-乙二胺 | (1S,2S)-1,2-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-diamine | 148240-65-7 | C16H20N2O2 |
|
(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺 | (S,S)-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-diaminoethane | 16635-95-3 | C14H16N2 |
|
(1S,2S)-1,2-二氨基-1,2-双(2-羟苯基)乙烷 | (1S,2S)-1,2-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine | 870991-68-7 | C14H16N2O2 |
|
(1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-二(4-甲氧基苯基)-乙二胺 | (1R,2R)-1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-diamine | 58520-03-9 | C16H20N2O2 |
|
(1S,2S)-(+)-N-对甲苯磺酰基-1,2-环己二胺 | trans-N-(2-aminocyclohexyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide | 174291-97-5 | C13H20N2O2S |
|
(1S,2S)-(+)-N,N-二甲基环己二胺 | (1S,2S)-N,N-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine | 894493-95-9 | C8H18N2 |
|
(1S,2S)-(+)-2-甲氧基环己醇 | (1S,2S)-2-methoxycyclohexanol | 134108-92-2 | C7H14O2 |
|
(1S,2S)-(+)-2-氨基-1-苯基-1,3-丙二醇 | (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-phenyl-1,3-diol | 28143-91-1 | C9H13NO2 |
|
(1S,2S)-(+)-2-(苄氧基)环戊胺 | (1S,2S)-2-(benzyloxy)cyclopentanamine | 181657-57-8 | C12H17NO |
|
(1S,2R)-2-苯基环丙胺 | (1S,2R)-tranylcypromine | 3721-28-6 | C9H11N |
|
(1S,2R)-2-((苄氧基)羰基)环己烷-1-羧酸 | (1S,2R)-cis-2-benzyloxycarbonyl-cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid | 200948-88-5 | C15H18O4 |
|
(1S,2R)-1-苯基-2-(1-吡咯烷基)-1-丙醇 | (1R,2S)-1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-propanol | 56571-92-7 | C13H19NO |
|
(1S,2R)-1-苯基-2-(1-吡咯烷基)-1-丙醇 | (1S,2R)-1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-propan-1-ol | 123620-80-4 | C13H19NO |
|
(1S)-环丙基(4-氟苯基)甲胺盐酸盐 | (S)-cyclopropyl(4-fluorophenyl)methylamine | 473732-88-6 | C10H12FN |
|
(1S)-反式-2-(苯基甲氧基)环己胺 (1S,2S)-1-氨基-2-苄氧基环己烷 | (±)-trans-2-(benzyloxy)cyclohexanamine | 216394-07-9 | C13H19NO |
|
(1S)-反-1,2-环戊二醇 | (S,S)-cyclopentane-1,2-diol | 63261-45-0 | C5H10O2 |
|
(1S)-4,5-二甲氧基-1-(氨基甲基)苯并环丁烷 | (1S)-4,5-dimethoxy-1-(ammoniummethyl)benzocyclobutane | 869856-07-5 | C11H15NO2 |
|
(1S)-2-氯-1-(3,4-二氟苯基)乙醇 | (S)-2-chloro-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethanol | 1006376-60-8 | C8H7ClF2O |
|
(1S)-2,2-二氟环丙烷-1-羧酸 | (S)-2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid | 1883301-82-3 | C4H4F2O2 |
|
(1S)-1-[3-(3-氨基-3-羧基丙基)-1-甲基-2,4-二羰基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-5-基]-1,4-脱水-D-核糖醇 | 3-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-1-methylpseudouridine | 52777-29-4 | C14H21N3O8 |
|
(1S)-1-4-(三氟甲基)苯基-1-乙醇 | (S)-1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)ethanol | 99493-93-3 | C9H9F3O |
|