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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Zirconium(2+);tetraphenoxide 13242-21-2 C24H20O4Zr
    Zirconium(2+);tetraphenoxide
    —— (Z)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one 68760-11-2 C11H12N2O3
    (Z)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
    —— Dimanganese heptaoxide 12057-92-0 Mn2O7-14
    Dimanganese heptaoxide
    —— N-Boc-N-cyclohexylglycine 166739-13-5 C13H23NO4
    N-Boc-N-cyclohexylglycine
    —— Magnesium caprylate 3386-57-0 C16H30MgO4
    Magnesium caprylate
    —— 2-aminobenzophenone hydrochloride 40318-20-5 C13H11NO*ClH
    2-aminobenzophenone hydrochloride
    —— 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)propan-2-ol 449804-09-5 C15H17BF6O3
    1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)propan-2-ol
    —— 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonyl azide 79791-38-1 C18H29N3O2S
    4-dodecylbenzenesulfonyl azide
    —— 5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)isophthalic acid 152845-29-9 C10H10O6
    5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)isophthalic acid
    —— (2E)-2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one 5706-21-8 C14H10OS
    (2E)-2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one
    —— rac-(1S,6S)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one 6705-49-3 C6H8O2
    rac-(1S,6S)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one
    —— N’-(2-cyano-4-(3-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)thioureido)phenyl)-N,N-dimethylformimidamide 937263-23-5 C15H21N5OS
    N’-(2-cyano-4-(3-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)thioureido)phenyl)-N,N-dimethylformimidamide
    —— 4-[(4-aminophenyl)diazenyl]-2-methoxy-5-methylaniline 6232-57-1 C14H16N4O
    4-[(4-aminophenyl)diazenyl]-2-methoxy-5-methylaniline
    —— 2-Benzalamino-isobutanol 22563-90-2 C11H15NO
    2-Benzalamino-isobutanol
    —— 4-propan-2-ylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 7084-93-7 C10H18O2
    4-propan-2-ylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid
    —— 1-(6-methoxybenzisoxazol-3-yl)benzimidazole-2-one 877681-19-1 C15H11N3O3
    1-(6-methoxybenzisoxazol-3-yl)benzimidazole-2-one
    —— N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide 183660-46-0 C8H13N3O3
    N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-butensaeure 6052-53-5 C11H12O2
    3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-butensaeure
    —— 1-[(tert-butyl)oxycarbonyl]-4-(N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)aminomethyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 273221-98-0 C26H30N2O6
    1-[(tert-butyl)oxycarbonyl]-4-(N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)aminomethyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)propan-1-imine 6898-82-4 C8H17N
    2-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)propan-1-imine
    —— 1-O-Feruloylglucose 7196-71-6 C16H20O9
    1-O-Feruloylglucose
    —— disodium malonate monohydrate 26522-85-0 C3H2O4*H2O*2Na
    disodium malonate monohydrate
    —— 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-5-amine 54558-23-5 C6H3Br2N3S
    4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-5-amine
    —— 1-(tert-Butyl) 5-methyl (S)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-4-methylenepentanedioate 151028-23-8 C16H27NO6
    1-(tert-Butyl) 5-methyl (S)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-4-methylenepentanedioate
    —— Bicyclo<4.2.0>octa-1,3,5-triene-7-methanol 15100-35-3 C9H10O
    Bicyclo<4.2.0>octa-1,3,5-triene-7-methanol
    —— 2,2'-(7-(2-((2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-1,4,7-triazonane-1,4-diyl)diacetic acid 1338231-09-6 C16H24N4O8
    2,2'-(7-(2-((2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-1,4,7-triazonane-1,4-diyl)diacetic acid
    —— (S)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile 483366-15-0 C5H6F2N2
    (S)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile
    —— (2R,4S)-4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 1229439-70-6 C17H22FNO4
    (2R,4S)-4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Ketanserin cation 83846-83-7 C22H23FN3O3+
    Ketanserin cation
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 17334-58-6 C27H31ClO15
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— 1-(diisopropylphosphino)-2-(dimethylamino)ethane 132280-91-2 C10H24NP
    1-(diisopropylphosphino)-2-(dimethylamino)ethane
    —— Dibutyl(dimethylaminomethyl)phosphinoxid 61748-74-1 C11H26NOP
    Dibutyl(dimethylaminomethyl)phosphinoxid
    —— ethyl (1R,2R)-2-((benzyloxy)methyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate 561055-26-3 C14H18O3
    ethyl (1R,2R)-2-((benzyloxy)methyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate
    —— benzyldibutylphosphine oxide 4042-81-3 C15H25OP
    benzyldibutylphosphine oxide
    —— Cyclohexane, 1r,2c,4t-tris-ethenyl 2855-27-8 C12H18
    Cyclohexane, 1r,2c,4t-tris-ethenyl
    —— 1,trans-2,cis-4-trivinylcyclohexane 2855-27-8 C12H18
    1,trans-2,cis-4-trivinylcyclohexane
    —— (6Z,9Z,28Z,31Z)-heptatriaconta-6,9,28,31-tetraen-19-yl 4-aminobutanoate 1226909-70-1 C41H75NO2
    (6Z,9Z,28Z,31Z)-heptatriaconta-6,9,28,31-tetraen-19-yl 4-aminobutanoate
    —— 2,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-9H-carbazole 1365544-07-5 C20H13NS2
    2,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-9H-carbazole
    —— Methyl 6-methoxytryptophanate 107447-04-1 C13H16N2O3
    Methyl 6-methoxytryptophanate
    —— 2-chloro-N-(phenanthridin-6-ylmethyl)acetamide 1400866-15-0 C16H13ClN2O
    2-chloro-N-(phenanthridin-6-ylmethyl)acetamide
    —— trans-4-Ethylcyclohexanecarboxylic Acid 6833-47-2 C9H16O2
    trans-4-Ethylcyclohexanecarboxylic Acid
    —— di(decyl)phenylphosphine oxide 17262-57-6 C26H47OP
    di(decyl)phenylphosphine oxide
    —— (+/-)-1-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-3-(phenylphosphino)propane 82763-84-6 C21H34P2
    (+/-)-1-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-3-(phenylphosphino)propane
    —— Lithium;cyclopenta-1,3-diene 16733-97-4 C5H5Li
    Lithium;cyclopenta-1,3-diene
    —— (R)-7-bromo-2-methyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one 1245708-20-6 C9H8BrNO2
    (R)-7-bromo-2-methyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one
    —— 3-azido-3-deoxy-1,2:5,6-di-(O-isopropylidene)-α-D-glucofuranose 13964-23-3 C12H19N3O5
    3-azido-3-deoxy-1,2:5,6-di-(O-isopropylidene)-α-D-glucofuranose
    —— dimesityl(phenylethynyl)phosphane 61123-81-7 C26H27P
    dimesityl(phenylethynyl)phosphane
    —— (2-amino-4-fluorophenyl)(phenyl)methanone 50817-53-3 C13H10FNO
    (2-amino-4-fluorophenyl)(phenyl)methanone
    —— 1-bromo-2-(dimethylphosphinomethyl)benzene 70052-69-6 C9H12BrP
    1-bromo-2-(dimethylphosphinomethyl)benzene
    —— 1-bromo-4-(2-bromobenzyloxy)-2-(diphenylphosphinoyl)benzene 61102-87-2 C18H14ClOP
    1-bromo-4-(2-bromobenzyloxy)-2-(diphenylphosphinoyl)benzene