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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— di-t-butyl(isobutyl)phosphine 87522-71-2 C12H27P
    di-t-butyl(isobutyl)phosphine
    —— (Z)-3-furan-2-yl-2-methylpropenal 874-66-8 C8H8O2
    (Z)-3-furan-2-yl-2-methylpropenal
    —— 2-Methyl-3-(2-penten-1-yl)-2-Cyclopenten-1-one 11050-62-7 C11H16O
    2-Methyl-3-(2-penten-1-yl)-2-Cyclopenten-1-one
    —— 4'-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)-1,1'-bi(cyclohexyl)-4-one 147622-85-3 C18H22F2O
    4'-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)-1,1'-bi(cyclohexyl)-4-one
    —— (R)-1-Cbz-3-aminomethylpyrrolidine 1217749-69-3 C13H18N2O2
    (R)-1-Cbz-3-aminomethylpyrrolidine
    —— 7-{[(2E,6Z)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-yl]oxy}-2H-chromen-2-one 23838-17-7 C24H30O3
    7-{[(2E,6Z)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-yl]oxy}-2H-chromen-2-one
    —— 2,6-Bis-[1-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-cyclohexanone 6275-32-7 C22H22O3
    2,6-Bis-[1-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-cyclohexanone
    —— Cadmium;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one 14689-45-3 C10H16CdO4
    Cadmium;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one
    —— Sodium biphenyl 5137-46-2 C12H9Na
    Sodium biphenyl
    —— Copper;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one 14781-45-4 C10H4CuF12O4
    Copper;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one
    —— 2-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)-ethylamine; hydrochloride 26378-66-5 C8H9Cl2NO*ClH
    2-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)-ethylamine; hydrochloride
    —— 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;manganese(2+) 15375-84-5 C10H16MnN2O8+2
    2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;manganese(2+)
    —— tert-butyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)-6,7-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate 1022931-73-2 C12H16F3N3O2
    tert-butyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)-6,7-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate
    —— nitro-2-benzimidazolyl-thioacetic acid 92824-09-4 C9H7N3O4S
    nitro-2-benzimidazolyl-thioacetic acid
    —— (R)-1-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)propan-1-amine 473733-16-3 C9H11F2N
    (R)-1-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)propan-1-amine
    —— (S)-5-chloro-2-pentanol 99212-19-8 C5H11ClO
    (S)-5-chloro-2-pentanol
    —— trans-2-Methyl-cyclohexancarbonsaeure 15177-62-5 C8H14O2
    trans-2-Methyl-cyclohexancarbonsaeure
    —— BODIPY 800387-45-5 C26H33BF2N2
    BODIPY
    —— 4-chloro-6-methoxyquinoline-2-carbaldehyde 28992-67-8 C11H8ClNO2
    4-chloro-6-methoxyquinoline-2-carbaldehyde
    —— 2-Ethylmercapto-10-(3-(1-methyl-4-piperazinyl)propyl)phenothiazine dimaleate 1179-69-7 C30H37N3O8S2
    2-Ethylmercapto-10-(3-(1-methyl-4-piperazinyl)propyl)phenothiazine dimaleate
    —— Calcium lactate hydrate 5743-47-5 C6H12CaO7
    Calcium lactate hydrate
    —— (S)-2-(methyldiphenylsilyl)-1-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)ethanol 1528733-62-1 C19H25NOSi
    (S)-2-(methyldiphenylsilyl)-1-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)ethanol
    —— Ferric citrate tetrahydrate 2338-05-8 C6H13FeO11
    Ferric citrate tetrahydrate
    —— 1-(2-Chlorophenyl)propan-1-amine 40023-85-6 C9H12ClN
    1-(2-Chlorophenyl)propan-1-amine
    —— (3S,3aS,6R,6aS)-3,6-bis(prop-2-enoxy)-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan 6338-34-7 C12H18O4
    (3S,3aS,6R,6aS)-3,6-bis(prop-2-enoxy)-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan
    —— 5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)-3,5-dimethylphenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 1044871-14-8 C21H24N2O5
    5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)-3,5-dimethylphenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one
    —— (E)-3-Isopropylidene-6,10-dimethyl-cyclodec-6-ene-1,4-dione 38230-32-9 C15H22O2
    (E)-3-Isopropylidene-6,10-dimethyl-cyclodec-6-ene-1,4-dione
    —— (2R,4S)-4-benzyl-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 1229439-64-8 C17H23NO4
    (2R,4S)-4-benzyl-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 1.2-Bis-<4-carboxy-benzoyloxy>-aethan 2225-05-0 C18H14O8
    1.2-Bis-<4-carboxy-benzoyloxy>-aethan
    —— (5E)-1-(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)-5-[(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione 6063-89-4 C19H14BrClN2O5
    (5E)-1-(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)-5-[(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione
    —— 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heotanedionatestrontium 36830-74-7 C22H38O4Sr
    2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heotanedionatestrontium
    —— Pr(dipivaloylmethanate)<sub>3</sub> 15492-48-5 C33H57O6Pr
    Pr(dipivaloylmethanate)<sub>3</sub>
    —— 4-(N-tert-butoxycarbonyl)methylazetidin-2-one 1428654-55-0 C9H16N2O3
    4-(N-tert-butoxycarbonyl)methylazetidin-2-one
    —— Sodium ricinate 5323-95-5 C18H34NaO3+
    Sodium ricinate
    —— 4-(Hydroxyimino)valeric acid 6945-36-4 C5H9NO3
    4-(Hydroxyimino)valeric acid
    —— bromozinc(1+),ethyl pentanoate 265330-98-1 Br*C7H13O2Zn
    bromozinc(1+),ethyl pentanoate
    —— propyl (2E,4Z)-hexa-2,4-dienoate 10297-72-0 C9H14O2
    propyl (2E,4Z)-hexa-2,4-dienoate
    —— 5-bromo-N,3-dimethylpicolinamide 1224604-11-8 C8H9BrN2O
    5-bromo-N,3-dimethylpicolinamide
    —— Nickel, bis(2,4-pentanedionato-kappaO,kappaO')-, (SP-4-1)- 3264-82-2 C10H16NiO4
    Nickel, bis(2,4-pentanedionato-kappaO,kappaO')-, (SP-4-1)-
    —— Titanium, oxobis(2,4-pentanedionato-kappaO,kappaO')- 14024-64-7 C10H16O5Ti
    Titanium, oxobis(2,4-pentanedionato-kappaO,kappaO')-
    —— 2-(8-Heptadecenyl)-2-imidazoline-1-ethanol 95-38-5 C22H42N2O
    2-(8-Heptadecenyl)-2-imidazoline-1-ethanol
    —— 2-Butenoic acid, 3-amino-, 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl) ester 14205-47-1 C12H20N2O4
    2-Butenoic acid, 3-amino-, 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl) ester
    —— Crotetamide 604-64-8 C12H22N2O2
    Crotetamide
    —— (Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;manganese 14024-58-9 C10H16MnO4
    (Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;manganese
    —— Manganese, tris(2,4-pentanedionato-kappaO,kappaO')-, (OC-6-11)- 14284-89-0 C15H24MnO6
    Manganese, tris(2,4-pentanedionato-kappaO,kappaO')-, (OC-6-11)-
    —— [10,13-dimethyl-17-(6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] (9E,12E,15E)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate 2545-22-4 C45H74O2
    [10,13-dimethyl-17-(6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] (9E,12E,15E)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate
    —— Vanadium, oxobis(2,4-pentanedionato-kappaO,kappaO')-, (SP-5-21)- 3153-26-2 C10H16O5V
    Vanadium, oxobis(2,4-pentanedionato-kappaO,kappaO')-, (SP-5-21)-
    —— (R)-2-methyl-N-methylsuccinimide 15542-96-8 C6H9NO2
    (R)-2-methyl-N-methylsuccinimide
    —— ε-Aminocapronsaeure-Kation 4321-58-8 C6H13NO2*H
    ε-Aminocapronsaeure-Kation
    —— Etozoline 73-09-6 C13H20N2O3S
    Etozoline