有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(R)-Fmoc-2-氨乙基-3-甲基丁酸盐酸盐 | (2R)-2-({[(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}methyl)-3-methylbutanoic acid | 501331-02-8 | C21H23NO4 |
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(R)-7-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-5-氮杂螺[2.4]庚烷 | 7(R)-<(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino>-5-azaspiro<2.4>heptane | 127199-44-4 | C11H20N2O2 |
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(R)-6-氧代哌啶-3-氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | (S)-tert-butyl (6-oxopiperidin-3-yl)carbamate | 172913-96-1 | C10H18N2O3 |
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(R)-6-氟-3,4-二氢苯并吡喃-2-甲酸 | (R)-6-fluorochroman-2-carboxylic acid | 129101-37-7 | C10H9FO3 |
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(R)-6-氟-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-胺盐酸盐 | (R)-6-fluoroindan-1-ylamine hydrochloride | 731859-02-2 | C9H10FN*ClH |
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(R)-5-甲基二氢呋喃-2-酮 | (R)-5-methyl-2-oxotetrahydrofuran | 58917-25-2 | C5H8O2 |
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(R)-5-溴-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇 | (R)-5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ol | 1038919-63-9 | C9H9BrO |
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(R)-5-氯-2-戊醇 | (R)-5-Chloro-2-pentanol | 76188-95-9 | C5H11ClO |
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(R)-5-氯-2-(5-甲基-[1,4]二氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-苯并噁唑盐酸盐 | 5-chloro-2-((R)-5-methyl-[1,4]diazepan-1-yl)benzooxazole hydrochloride | 1266664-66-7 | C13H16ClN3O*ClH |
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(R)-5-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-2-酮 | (5R)-5-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidin-2-one | 173336-98-6 | C5H10N2O |
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(R)-5-氟-2-甲氧基-3-(吡咯-2-基)吡啶 | (R)-5-fluoro-2-methoxy-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine | 1213093-30-1 | C10H13FN2O |
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(R)-5-(苄氧基)-2-(苄氧基羰基氨基)-5-羰基戊酸 | (2R)-5-(benzyloxy)-2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-5-oxopentanoic acid | 59486-73-6 | C20H21NO6 |
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(R)-5-(氯甲基)-3-(3-氟-4-吗啉苯基)噁唑啉-2-酮 | (5R)-5-(chloromethyl)-3-(3-fluoro-4-morpholinophenyl)oxazolidin-2-one | 496031-57-3 | C14H16ClFN2O3 |
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(R)-5-(3,5-二氟苯基)-9-(2-乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)-10-氧代-6,9-二氮杂螺[4 | tert-butyl (8R)-8-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-9-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-10-oxo-6,9-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-6-carboxylate | 957122-11-1 | C23H30F2N2O5 |
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(R)-5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-八氢-[1,1'-联萘]-2,2'-二酚 | (Ra)-5,6,7,8,5',6',7',8'-octahydro-[1,1']binaphthalenyl-2,2'-diol | 65355-00-2 | C20H22O2 |
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(R)-4-苯基噻唑啉-2-硫酮 | (R)-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione | 110199-18-3 | C9H9NS2 |
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(R)-4-苄基沙丁胺醇 | (R)-1-[4-benzyloxy-3-hydroxymethylphenyl]-2-tert-butylaminoethanol | 174607-68-2 | C20H27NO3 |
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(R)-4-苄基噻唑啉-2-硫酮 | (R)-4-benzylthiazolidine-2-thione | 110199-17-2 | C10H11NS2 |
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(R)-4-羟基-2-吡咯酮 | (R)-4-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone | 22677-21-0 | C4H7NO2 |
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(R)-4-羟基-2-(羟基甲基)-2-环戊烯-1-酮 | 4-(R)-Hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylcyclopent-2-en-1-one | 76420-07-0 | C6H8O3 |
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(R)-4-硝基扁桃酸 | 2-hydroxy-2-(4-nitrophenyl)acetic acid | 10098-39-2 | C8H7NO5 |
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(R)-4-甲基-2-噁唑烷酮 | (4R)-4-methyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one | 4042-43-7 | C4H7NO2 |
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(R)-4-氯-3-羟基丁腈 | (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile | 84367-31-7 | C4H6ClNO |
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(R)-4-异丙基噻唑啉-2-硫酮 | 4(R)-isopropyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione | 110199-16-1 | C6H11NS2 |
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(R)-4-叔丁基-2-[2-(二苯基膦基)苯基]-2-噁唑啉 | (R)-t-Bu-PHOX | 164858-79-1 | C25H26NOP |
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(R)-4-乙酰基-2,2-二甲基噁唑烷-3-羧酸叔丁酯 | (4R)-4-acetyl-2,2-dimethyl-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1,3-oxazolidine | 167102-63-8 | C12H21NO4 |
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(R)-4-n-cbz-哌嗪-2-羧酸甲酯盐酸盐 | (R)-1-Benzyl 3-methyl piperazine-1,3-dicarboxylate hydrochloride | 1217442-12-0 | C14H19ClN2O4 |
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(R)-4-N-Boc-哌嗪-2-乙酸甲酯 | (R)-4-N-Boc-Piperazine-2-acetic acid methyl ester | 1217683-44-7 | C12H22N2O4 |
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(R)-4-Fmoc-吗啉-3-羧酸 | (3R)-morpholine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid 4-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl) ester | 942153-03-9 | C20H19NO5 |
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(R)-4-(羟甲基)-2-(3-(异丙基氨基)-1-苯基丙基)苯酚 | DE(isopropyl)desfesoterodine | 194482-42-3 | C19H25NO2 |
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(R)-4-(羟甲基)-2-(3-(异丙基氨基)-1-苯基丙基)苯酚 | 2-(3-Diisopropylamino-1-phenylpropyl)-4-methoxymethylphenol | 250214-69-8 | C23H33NO2 |
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(R)-4-(Boc-氨基)-4-羟基丁酸 | (R)-N-Boc-GABOB | 120021-39-8 | C9H17NO5 |
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(R)-4-(3-溴苯基)-N-Boc-3-氨基丁酸 | (R)-4-(3-Bromophenyl)-3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butanoic acid | 1350734-63-2 | C15H20BrNO4 |
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(R)-4-(3-氨基丁基)-苯酚 | 4-(3-Aminobutyl)phenol, (R)- | 115548-15-7 | C10H15NO |
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(R)-4-(2-吡咯烷基甲基)吗啉 | (R)-4-(Pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)morpholine | 511295-99-1 | C9H18N2O |
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(R)-4,4'-二溴-1,1'-螺二茚满-7,7'-二醇 | (R)-4,4'-dibromo-2,2',3,3'-tetrahydro-1,1'-spirobi[indene]-7,7'-diol | 681481-94-7 | C17H14Br2O2 |
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(R)-3-苯基环己酮 | (R)-3-phenylcyclohexanone | 34993-51-6 | C12H14O |
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(R)-3-苯基丁酸 | (R)-3-phenylbutyric acid | 772-14-5 | C10H12O2 |
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(R)-3-苄基吗啉 | (R)-3-benzylmorpholine | 481038-59-9 | C11H15NO |
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(R)-3-羧基吡咯烷 | (3S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid | 72580-53-1 | C5H9NO2 |
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(R)-3-羟基氮杂环庚烷-1-叔丁酯-甲酸 | (R)-tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazepane-1-carboxylate | 1493733-00-8 | C11H21NO3 |
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(R)-3-羟基吡咯烷酮 | (3R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one | 77510-50-0 | C4H7NO2 |
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(R)-3-羟基吡咯烷-1-甲酸芴甲酯 | (R)-(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methyl 3-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 215178-39-5 | C19H19NO3 |
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(R)-3-羟基丁酸 | (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate | 625-72-9 | C4H8O3 |
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(R)-3-甲基吗啉盐酸盐 | (R)-3-methylmorpholine hydrochloride | 953780-78-4 | C5H11NO*ClH |
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(R)-3-甲基吗啉 | (3R)-3-methylmorpholine | 74572-04-6 | C5H11NO |
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(R)-3-甲基-1-氧代-2,8-二氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8-甲酸叔丁酯 | (R)-tert-butyl 3-methyl-1-oxo-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate | 1548290-30-7 | C14H24N2O3 |
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(R)-3-环己烯甲酸 | (R)-cyclohex-3-enecarboxylic acid | 5709-98-8 | C7H10O2 |
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(R)-3-溴吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (3R)-3-bromopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 569660-97-5 | C9H16BrNO2 |
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(R)-3-溴-alpha-甲基苄醇 | (R)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethanol | 134615-24-0 | C8H9BrO |
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