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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2,4-Difluoro-3-isopropoxyphenylboronic acid 1451390-95-6 C9H11BF2O3
    2,4-Difluoro-3-isopropoxyphenylboronic acid
    —— (3R,4S)-rel-4-(Naphthalen-1-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride 1330750-42-9 C15H16ClNO2
    (3R,4S)-rel-4-(Naphthalen-1-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride
    —— Boc-D-chg-OH dcha 198470-08-5 C25H46N2O4
    Boc-D-chg-OH dcha
    —— Boc-D-His(Dnp)-OH Ipa 1330286-54-8 C20H27N5O9
    Boc-D-His(Dnp)-OH Ipa
    —— (S)-Benzyl 2,6-diaminohexanoate bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate) 16259-78-2 C27H36N2O8S2
    (S)-Benzyl 2,6-diaminohexanoate bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate)
    —— Ethyl 7-[(2R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl]heptanoate 346672-97-7 C14H25NO4
    Ethyl 7-[(2R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl]heptanoate
    —— Tylvalosin Tartrate 63428-13-7 C57H93NO25
    Tylvalosin Tartrate
    —— Thioglycolic acid calcium salt 65208-41-5 C2H8CaO5S
    Thioglycolic acid calcium salt
    —— Trengestone 5192-84-7 C21H25ClO2
    Trengestone
    —— Einecs 301-594-7 94022-99-8 C11H11F3O2
    Einecs 301-594-7
    —— Combretastatin A1 disodium phosphate 288847-34-7 C18H22Na4O12P2+4
    Combretastatin A1 disodium phosphate
    —— (N,N-Dimethylbenzylamine)trifluoroboron 772-96-3 C9H13BF3N
    (N,N-Dimethylbenzylamine)trifluoroboron
    —— (5alpha)-7,8-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxymorphinan-6-one 6872-48-6 C16H15NO3
    (5alpha)-7,8-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxymorphinan-6-one
    —— Praseodymium(3+) stearate 6192-10-5 C54H105O6Pr
    Praseodymium(3+) stearate
    —— Sorbitol dibenzol 32647-67-9 C20H30O10
    Sorbitol dibenzol
    —— N-Tosylglycyl-L-prolyl-N-(p-nitrophenyl)-L-argininamide monoacetate 86890-95-1 C28H38N8O9S
    N-Tosylglycyl-L-prolyl-N-(p-nitrophenyl)-L-argininamide monoacetate
    —— N-(p-Nitrophenyl)-N-(p-tolylsulphonyl)glycyl-L-prolyl-L-lysinamide, monoacetate 88793-79-7 C28H38N6O9S
    N-(p-Nitrophenyl)-N-(p-tolylsulphonyl)glycyl-L-prolyl-L-lysinamide, monoacetate
    —— (3E)-1,1,1,5,5,5-Hexafluoro-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one--copper--water (2/1/1) 155640-85-0 C10H6CuF12O5
    (3E)-1,1,1,5,5,5-Hexafluoro-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one--copper--water (2/1/1)
    —— Sodium ferric EDDHA 16455-61-1 C18H19FeN2NaO6
    Sodium ferric EDDHA
    —— 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;tribromide 820965-08-0 C24H45Br3N6
    1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;tribromide
    —— <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-bis-(4-amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-[2,5-bis-(2-butyryloxy-ethyl)-1,6-dimethyl-3,4-dithia-hexa-1,5-diene-1,6-diyl]-bis-formamide 18481-23-7 C32H46N8O6S2
    <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-bis-(4-amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-[2,5-bis-(2-butyryloxy-ethyl)-1,6-dimethyl-3,4-dithia-hexa-1,5-diene-1,6-diyl]-bis-formamide
    —— tert-Butyl (2-bromo-4,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamate 1187926-96-0 C13H18BrNO2
    tert-Butyl (2-bromo-4,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamate
    —— tert-Butyl a-amino-cyclopropaneacetate 159871-54-2 C9H17NO2
    tert-Butyl a-amino-cyclopropaneacetate
    —— 2-Benzyl-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-6-one 1365639-14-0 C13H15NO
    2-Benzyl-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-6-one
    —— 8-Benzyl-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane hydrochloride 1159826-27-3 C15H23ClN2
    8-Benzyl-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane hydrochloride
    —— 7,9-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[b]azepin-5(2H)-one hydrochloride 1259393-22-0 C12H16ClNO
    7,9-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[b]azepin-5(2H)-one hydrochloride
    —— Molybdenum;oxocobalt 13762-14-6 CoMoO
    Molybdenum;oxocobalt
    —— Cycloocta-1,5-diene;ruthenium(3+);triacetate 133519-03-6 C14H21O6Ru
    Cycloocta-1,5-diene;ruthenium(3+);triacetate
    —— 3-Methyl-1-(3-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)butane-2-thione 329227-60-3 C13H15NS2
    3-Methyl-1-(3-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)butane-2-thione
    —— 2-(2-Anilinoethenyl)-5-cyano-1,3-diethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-1-ium iodide 4794-97-2 C20H23IN4
    2-(2-Anilinoethenyl)-5-cyano-1,3-diethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-1-ium iodide
    —— Acetic acid;2-(2-hydroxyethylsulfanylmethylsulfanyl)ethanol 41123-73-3 C9H20O6S2
    Acetic acid;2-(2-hydroxyethylsulfanylmethylsulfanyl)ethanol
    —— 4452-61-3 C9H21GaO3-3
    —— 556-91-2 C12H27AlO3-3
    —— Lead benzoate 15907-04-7 C14H10O4Pb
    Lead benzoate
    —— Iron(2+) dioctadeca-9,12-dienoate 7779-63-7 C36H62FeO4
    Iron(2+) dioctadeca-9,12-dienoate
    —— N1-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine 956722-44-4 C8H11N5
    N1-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine
    —— 4-Methylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid--3-methoxypropan-1-ol (1/1) 54646-36-5 C11H18O5S
    4-Methylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid--3-methoxypropan-1-ol (1/1)
    —— 3-Bromo-8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid 1313712-29-6 C9H7BrN2O2
    3-Bromo-8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Ruthenium(3+) tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxohept-3-en-3-olate) 38625-54-6 C33H57O6Ru
    Ruthenium(3+) tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxohept-3-en-3-olate)
    —— Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)cobalt(II) 13986-53-3 C22H38CoO4
    Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)cobalt(II)
    —— Sodium 2-amino-4-nitrophenol 61702-43-0 C6H6N2NaO3
    Sodium 2-amino-4-nitrophenol
    —— Sodium 2-carboxy-4-[2-(4-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-4-sulfobenzene-1-sulfonyl]phenolate 24221-19-0 C26H22N3NaO9S2
    Sodium 2-carboxy-4-[2-(4-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-4-sulfobenzene-1-sulfonyl]phenolate
    —— Sodium imidazolide 5587-42-8 C3H4N2Na
    Sodium imidazolide
    —— {Cu(α-methacrylato)2*(H2O)} 19662-59-0 C8H12CuO5
    {Cu(α-methacrylato)2*(H2O)}
    —— Pubchem_57376314 2572-25-0 C6H15GaO3-3
    Pubchem_57376314
    —— 4-ethynylpyridin-2(1H)-one 1196152-08-5 C7H5NO
    4-ethynylpyridin-2(1H)-one
    —— Benzoic acid;cadmium 3026-22-0 C7H6CdO2
    Benzoic acid;cadmium
    —— 75-04-7 C2H6N*H
    —— Azelamide monoethanolamine 242132-61-2 C11H21NO4
    Azelamide monoethanolamine
    —— Arsoric acid;iron 10102-50-8 AsFeH3O4
    Arsoric acid;iron