有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(S)-(-)-2-甲基丁胺 | (S)-2-Methylbutylamine | 34985-37-0 | C5H13N |
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(S)-(-)-2-溴-3-甲基丁酸 | 2S-2-bromo-3-methylbutanoic acid | 26782-75-2 | C5H9BrO2 |
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(S)-(-)-2-哌啶乙醇 | (2S)-2-(2-methoxyethyl)piperidine | 103639-57-2 | C7H15NO |
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(S)-(-)-2-(二苯甲基)吡咯烷 | (S)-2-(diphenylmethyl)pyrrolidine | 119237-64-8 | C17H19N |
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(S)-(-)-2-((甲基磺酰基)氧基)-丙酸乙酯 | 2-Methansulfonoxy-propionsaeureethylester | 58742-64-6 | C6H12O5S |
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(S)-(-)-2,3-二苄氧基-1-丙醇 | (2S)-2,3-bis(benzyloxy)propanol | 20196-71-8 | C17H20O3 |
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(S)-(-)-1-甲基-2-(1-哌啶基甲基)吡咯烷 | (S)-1-methyl-2-<(piperidin-1-yl)-methyl>pyrrolidine | 84466-85-3 | C11H22N2 |
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(S)-(-)-1-乙基-2-吡咯烷甲酰胺 | (-)-(S)-1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinecarboxamide | 114812-34-9 | C7H14N2O |
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(S)-(-)-1-三苯甲基-2-氮丙啶羧酸甲酯 | methyl (2S)-N-tritylaziridine-2-carboxylate | 75154-68-6 | C23H21NO2 |
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(S)-(-)-1-boc-2-叔-丁基-3-甲基-4-咪唑烷酮 | (2S)-1-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-2-tert-butyl-3-methylimidazolidin-4-one | 119838-38-9 | C13H24N2O3 |
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(S)-(-)-1-(苄氧基羰基)-2-叔-丁基-3-甲基-4-咪唑烷酮 | (S)-2-t-butyl-1-carbobenzyloxy-3-methyl-4-imidazolidinone | 119906-49-9 | C16H22N2O3 |
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(S)-(-)-1-(4-氟苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-ethylamine | 66399-30-2 | C8H10FN |
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(S)-(-)-1-(3-甲氧基苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethylamine | 82796-69-8 | C9H13NO |
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(S)-(-)-1-(2-萘基)乙胺 | (1S)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethylamine | 3082-62-0 | C12H13N |
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(S)-(-)-1-(2-溴苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(2-bromophenyl)ethylamine | 140632-12-8 | C8H10BrN |
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(S)-(-)-1-(1-萘基)乙胺盐酸盐 | (S)-(-)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine hydrochloride | 51600-24-9 | C12H13N*ClH |
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(S)-(-)-1,1,2-三苯基-1,2-乙二醇 | (S)-1,1,2-triphenyl-1,2-ethanediol | 108998-83-0 | C20H18O2 |
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(S)-(+)-泛解酸内酯 | (S)-pantolactone | 5405-40-3 | C6H10O3 |
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(S)-(+)-庚醇 | (S)-(+)-2-heptanol | 6033-23-4 | C7H16O |
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(S)-(+)-对甲基苯亚磺酰胺 | (S)-p-toluenesulfinimide | 188447-91-8 | C7H9NOS |
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(S)-(+)-四氢呋喃甲胺 | S-tetrahydrofurfurylamine | 7175-81-7 | C5H11NO |
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(S)-(+)-二氢吲哚-2-甲醇 | (2S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-2-ylmethanol | 27640-33-1 | C9H11NO |
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(S)-(+)-α-(甲氧基甲基)苯乙胺 盐酸盐 | (S)-(+)-2-amino-1-methoxy-3-phenylpropane hydrochloride | 64715-81-7 | C10H15NO*ClH |
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(S)-(+)-5,5-二甲基-4-苯基-2-恶唑烷酮 | (4S)-5,5-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one | 168297-84-5 | C11H13NO2 |
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(S)-(+)-4-苯基-2-丁醇 | (+)-(S)-4-phenylbutan-2-ol | 22148-86-3 | C10H14O |
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(S)-(+)-4-甲基-2-戊醇 | (S)-4-methylpentan-2-ol | 14898-80-7 | C6H14O |
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(S)-(+)-4-甲基-1-己醇 | (S)-4-methyl-1-hexanol | 1767-46-0 | C7H16O |
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(S)-(+)-4-氨基-3-羟基丁酸 | (S)-3-hydroxy-4-aminobutyric acid | 7013-05-0 | C4H9NO3 |
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(S)-(+)-3-甲基-2-丁基异氰酸酯 | (2S)-2-isocyanato-3-methylbutane | 749261-38-9 | C6H11NO |
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(S)-(+)-3-氨基哌啶二盐酸盐 | (S)-3-Aminopiperidine dihydrochloride | 334618-07-4 | C5H14Cl2N2 |
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(S)-(+)-3-喹宁醇 | (S)-quinuclidin-3-ol | 34583-34-1 | C7H13NO |
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(S)-(+)-3-(苄氧基羰基)-5-氧代-4-噁唑啉丙酸 | (S)-3-[3-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-5-oxooxazolidin-4-yl]propanoic acid | 23632-67-9 | C14H15NO6 |
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(S)-(+)-3,3′-双(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1,1′-联萘-2,2′-二基磷酸氢酯 | (R)-3,3'-bis[3,5-di(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,1'-binaphthyl phosphate | 878111-17-2 | C36H17F12O4P |
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(S)-(+)-2-甲基溴丁烷 | (S)-2-methylbutyl bromide | 534-00-9 | C5H11Br |
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(S)-(+)-2-甲基哌啶 | (S)-2-methylpiperidine | 3197-42-0 | C6H13N |
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(S)-(+)-2-氯扁桃酸 | (S)-2-chloromandelic acid | 52950-19-3 | C8H7ClO3 |
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(S)-(+)-2-氯-1-苯乙醇 | (S)-2-chloro-1-phenylethanol | 70111-05-6 | C8H9ClO |
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(S)-(+)-2-氨基庚烷 | (S)-2-heptylamine | 44745-29-1 | C7H17N |
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(S)-(+)-2-氨基壬烷 | (+/-)-2-Amino-nonan | 13205-58-8 | C9H21N |
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(S)-(+)-2-氨基丁烷 | (S)-2-aminobutane | 513-49-5 | C4H11N |
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(S)-(+)-2-戊醇 | S-(+)-2-pentanol | 26184-62-3 | C5H12O |
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(S)-(+)-2-庚基异氰酸酯 | (S)-(+)-2-Heptyl isocyanate | 745783-76-0 | C8H15NO |
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(S)-(+)-2-丁醇 | (S)-2-butanol | 4221-99-2 | C4H10O |
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(S)-(+)-2-(苯胺甲基)吡咯烷 | (2S)-2-(anilinomethyl)pyrrolidine | 64030-44-0 | C11H16N2 |
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(S)-(+)-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,1-c][1,4]苯并二氮卓-5,11(10H,11aH)-二酮 | (S)-1,2,3,11a-tetrahydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine-5,11(10H)-dione | 18877-34-4 | C12H12N2O2 |
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(S)-(+)-2,2-二甲基环丙甲酸 | (+)-1S-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-carboxylic acid | 14590-53-5 | C6H10O2 |
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(S)-(+)-1-茚醇 | (S)-indanol | 25501-32-0 | C9H10O |
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(S)-(+)-1-苯基-2-丙醇 | (S)-1-phenyl-2-propanol | 1517-68-6 | C9H12O |
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(S)-(+)-1-苯基-1,2-乙二醇 | (S)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol | 25779-13-9 | C8H10O2 |
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(S)-(+)-1-苄氧基-2-丙醇 | (2S)-1-(benzyloxy)propan-2-ol | 13807-91-5 | C10H14O2 |
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