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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (-)-10,2-camphorsultam 94594-90-8 C10H17NO2S
    (-)-10,2-camphorsultam
    —— BCl3*N,N-dimethyloctylamine 34762-90-8 BCl3*C10H23N
    BCl3*N,N-dimethyloctylamine
    —— sodium (5-bromothiophen-2-ylsulfonyl)(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)amide 519055-63-1 C11H5BrCl2NO3S2*Na
    sodium (5-bromothiophen-2-ylsulfonyl)(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)amide
    —— 4-bromo-2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid 1261497-72-6 C8H7BrO3
    4-bromo-2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid
    —— (2-fluorophenyl)methanamine hydrochloride 655-17-4 C7H8FN*ClH
    (2-fluorophenyl)methanamine hydrochloride
    —— (R)-2-(2-benzamidopropanoylthio)acetic acid 138079-74-0 C12H13NO4S
    (R)-2-(2-benzamidopropanoylthio)acetic acid
    —— tin(IV) isopropoxide 1184-61-8 C12H28O4Sn
    tin(IV) isopropoxide
    —— (1R,2S)-2-amino-3-fluoro-1-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-propanol hydrochloride 108656-33-3 C10H14FNO3S*ClH
    (1R,2S)-2-amino-3-fluoro-1-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-propanol hydrochloride
    —— (+/-)-Lobelanine hydrochloride 6168-88-3 C22H25NO2*ClH
    (+/-)-Lobelanine hydrochloride
    —— 3-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one 5498-83-9 C18H12ClNO
    3-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one
    —— 2,2-difluoro-2-(2-pyridyl)ethylamine benzenesulfonic acid salt 435345-04-3 C6H6O3S*C7H8F2N2
    2,2-difluoro-2-(2-pyridyl)ethylamine benzenesulfonic acid salt
    —— 2-amino-6-fluoro-N-[5-fluoro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide 674783-97-2 C16H12F2N8O
    2-amino-6-fluoro-N-[5-fluoro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide
    —— dilithium tartrate 868-16-6 C4H4O6*2Li
    dilithium tartrate
    —— N-acryloyl-1,2-diaminoethane hydrochloride 54641-27-9 C5H10N2O*ClH
    N-acryloyl-1,2-diaminoethane hydrochloride
    —— methyl 3-methylpiperidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride 133567-10-9 C8H15NO2*ClH
    methyl 3-methylpiperidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride
    —— N-[(1S,2S)-1,2-diphenyl-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)ethyl]-4-methylbenzene sulfonamide ammonium chloride ruthenium 851051-43-9 C30H31ClN2O2RuS
    N-[(1S,2S)-1,2-diphenyl-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)ethyl]-4-methylbenzene sulfonamide ammonium chloride ruthenium
    —— 2,2'-[5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-phenylene]-di(2-methylpropionitrile) hydrochloride 868771-60-2 C17H19N5*ClH
    2,2'-[5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-phenylene]-di(2-methylpropionitrile) hydrochloride
    —— 2-chloro-4-(1-chloro-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-1-ethoxybenzene 87067-16-1 C12H16Cl2O
    2-chloro-4-(1-chloro-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-1-ethoxybenzene
    —— ganglioside GM<sub>3</sub> 54827-14-4 C59H108N2O21
    ganglioside GM<sub>3</sub>
    —— iron(III) (hexafluoroacetylacetonate)<sub>3</sub> 17786-67-3 C15H3F18FeO6
    iron(III) (hexafluoroacetylacetonate)<sub>3</sub>
    —— disodium [[N,N-ethylenebis[N-(carboxymethyl)glycinato]](4-)-N,N,O,O,ON,ON]cadmate(2-) 35803-35-1 C10H12N2O8*Cd*2Na
    disodium [[N,N-ethylenebis[N-(carboxymethyl)glycinato]](4-)-N,N,O,O,ON,ON]cadmate(2-)
    —— tris-(2-perfluorohexylethyl)stannane 175354-32-2 C24H13F39Sn
    tris-(2-perfluorohexylethyl)stannane
    —— tert-butyl 4-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]piperidine-1-carboxylate 1146289-88-4 C12H21F3N2O2
    tert-butyl 4-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]piperidine-1-carboxylate
    —— isonicotinic acid (3-phenylallylidene)hydrazide 4813-11-0 C15H13N3O
    isonicotinic acid (3-phenylallylidene)hydrazide
    —— 4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl)phenol 82575-69-7 C17H26O
    4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl)phenol
    —— gadolinium(III) acetylacetonate 14284-87-8 C15H21GdO6
    gadolinium(III) acetylacetonate
    —— 1-hexyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide 380497-19-8 C2F6NO4S2*C11H24N
    1-hexyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide
    —— cadmium acetylacetonate 14689-45-3 C10H14CdO4
    cadmium acetylacetonate
    —— diamine oxalateplatinum(II) 41349-15-9 C2H4N2O4Pt
    diamine oxalateplatinum(II)
    —— PtCl2(COD) 12080-32-9 C8H12Cl2Pt
    PtCl2(COD)
    —— zirconium(IV) tert-butoxide 2081-12-1 C16H36O4Zr
    zirconium(IV) tert-butoxide
    —— copper (II) methacrylate 19662-59-0 2C4H5O2*Cu
    copper (II) methacrylate
    —— 3-(piperidin-4-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one hydrochloride 855778-84-6 C14H16N2O*ClH
    3-(piperidin-4-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one hydrochloride
    —— bis{rhodium[3,3'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid)]} 819050-89-0 C32H40O8Rh2
    bis{rhodium[3,3'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid)]}
    —— (4R,5R)-2-butyl-N<sup>4</sup>,N<sup>4</sup>,N<sup>5</sup>,N<sup>5</sup>-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane-4,5-dicarboxamide 161344-85-0 C12H23BN2O4
    (4R,5R)-2-butyl-N<sup>4</sup>,N<sup>4</sup>,N<sup>5</sup>,N<sup>5</sup>-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane-4,5-dicarboxamide
    —— Ethyl 1-(aminocarbonyl)cyclobutanecarboxylate 1142198-19-3 C8H13NO3
    Ethyl 1-(aminocarbonyl)cyclobutanecarboxylate
    —— 2-fluoro-5-[(E)-(3-oxo-2-benzofuran-1-ylidene)methyl]benzonitrile 763114-25-6 C16H8FNO2
    2-fluoro-5-[(E)-(3-oxo-2-benzofuran-1-ylidene)methyl]benzonitrile
    —— Iron linoleate 7779-63-7 C36H62FeO4
    Iron linoleate
    —— Zinc L-lactate 103404-76-8 C6H12O6Zn
    Zinc L-lactate
    —— Sodium 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate 102601-34-3 C9H18NNaO4S
    Sodium 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate
    —— Disodium;diacetate 126-96-5 C4H6Na2O4
    Disodium;diacetate
    —— Zinc mercaptobenzimidazolate 3030-80-6 C7H6N2SZn+2
    Zinc mercaptobenzimidazolate
    —— 6,7-Dihydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid sodium salt 135-53-5 C10H8NaO5S+
    6,7-Dihydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid sodium salt
    —— Chromium(III) acetylacetonate 21679-31-2 C15H21CrO6
    Chromium(III) acetylacetonate
    —— 2-Methyl-2-Amino-1-Propanamine dihydroiodide 15444-85-6 C4H14I2N2
    2-Methyl-2-Amino-1-Propanamine dihydroiodide
    —— 3-Phenyl-5-sulfanyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione potassium 6336-51-2 C8H6KN2S3
    3-Phenyl-5-sulfanyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione potassium
    —— Neo heliopan AP (TN) 180898-37-7 C20H12N4Na2O12S4
    Neo heliopan AP (TN)
    —— (Z)-4-oxo-4-(3,5,5-trimethylhexoxy)but-2-enoic acid 24429-25-2 C13H22O4
    (Z)-4-oxo-4-(3,5,5-trimethylhexoxy)but-2-enoic acid
    —— (7a,17a)-17-Hydroxy-3-oxo-pregna-4,9(11)-diene-7,21-dicarboxylicacid g-lactone methyl ester 95716-70-4 C24H30O5
    (7a,17a)-17-Hydroxy-3-oxo-pregna-4,9(11)-diene-7,21-dicarboxylicacid g-lactone methyl ester
    —— 121268-17-5 C4H15NNaO8P2