有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-(3-碘-1H-吲唑-6-基硫代)-N-甲基苯甲酰胺 | 2-((3-iodo-1H-indazol-6-yl)thio)-N-methylbenzamide | 885126-34-1 | C15H12IN3OS |
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2-(3-硝基苯甲酰基)-乙酸邻甲氧基苯胺 | 2-(3-Nitro-benzoyl)-essigsaeure-(2-methoxy-anilid) | 63134-28-1 | C16H14N2O5 |
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2-(3-硝基苯基)-1H-咪唑 | 2‐(3‐nitrophenyl)‐1H‐imidazole | 13682-18-3 | C9H7N3O2 |
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2-(3-硝基苯亚甲基)乙酰乙酸甲酯 | methyl 2-(3-nitrophenylmethylene)acetoacetate | 39562-17-9 | C12H11NO5 |
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2-(3-硝基吡啶-2-基)乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(3-nitro-pyridin-2-yl)-acetate | 154078-83-8 | C9H10N2O4 |
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2-(3-硝基亚苄基)乙酰乙酸异丙酯 | isopropyl 2-(3-nitrobenzylidene)acetoacetate | 39562-25-9 | C14H15NO5 |
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2-(3-甲苯基)-吡咯烷 | 2-(3-methylphenyl)pyrrolidine | 72216-05-8 | C11H15N |
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2-(3-甲氧苯基)-吡咯烷 | 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidine | 103861-77-4 | C11H15NO |
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2-(3-甲氧基苯基)呋喃 | 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)furan | 35461-93-9 | C11H10O2 |
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2-(3-甲氧基苯基)乙醇 | 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-ethanol | 5020-41-7 | C9H12O2 |
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2-(3-甲氧基丙氧基)-4-((R)-2-(溴甲基)-3-甲基丁基)-1-甲氧基苯 | (2R)-2-[4-methoxy-3-(3-methoxypropoxy)benzyl]-3-methylbutyl bromide | 172900-69-5 | C17H27BrO3 |
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2-(3-甲氧基-4-溴苯基)乙腈 | 2-(4-bromo-3-methoxyphenyl)acetonitrile | 113081-50-8 | C9H8BrNO |
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2-(3-甲基丁-2-烯基)环戊烷-1-酮 | 2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentan-1-one | 2520-60-7 | C10H16O |
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2-(3-甲基-4-硝基苯基)乙酸 | 3-methyl-4-nitrophenylacetic acid | 143665-37-6 | C9H9NO4 |
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2-(3-溴苯基氨基)-苯甲酸 | 2-(3-bromophenylamino)benzoic acid | 13278-39-2 | C13H10BrNO2 |
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2-(3-溴苯基)萘 | 2-(3-bromophenyl)naphthalene | 667940-23-0 | C16H11Br |
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2-(3-溴苯基)苯并[d]噻唑 | 2-(3-Bromo-phenyl)-benzothiazole | 19654-14-9 | C13H8BrNS |
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2-(3-溴苯基)咪唑 | 2-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazole | 937013-66-6 | C9H7BrN2 |
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2-(3-溴苯基)乙酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 2-(3-bromophenyl)acetate | 197792-52-2 | C12H15BrO2 |
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2-(3-溴苯基)丙酸 | 2-(3-bromophenyl)propanoic acid | 53086-52-5 | C9H9BrO2 |
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2-(3-溴苯基)-吡咯烷 | (+/-) 2-(3-bromophenyl)pyrrolidine | 383127-79-5 | C10H12BrN |
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2-(3-溴苯基)-1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑 | 2-(3-bromophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole | 760212-40-6 | C19H13BrN2 |
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2-(3-溴苯基)-1,3-苯并恶唑 | 2-(3-bromophenyl)benzoxazole | 99586-31-9 | C13H8BrNO |
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2-(3-氰基-4,5,5-三甲基呋喃-2(5H)-亚甲基)丙二腈 | 2-dicyanomethylidene-3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran | 171082-32-9 | C11H9N3O |
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2-(3-氯苯氧基)乙醇 | 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)ethanol | 6161-83-7 | C8H9ClO2 |
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2-(3-氯苯氧基)丙酰胺 | 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)propanamide | 5825-87-6 | C9H10ClNO2 |
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2-(3-氯苯基)-2-甲基丙酸 | 2-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2-methylpropanoic acid | 64798-35-2 | C10H11ClO2 |
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2-(3-氯丙基)-2-(4-氟苯基)-1,3-二氧戊烷 | 4-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,1-(ethylenedioxy)butane | 3308-94-9 | C12H14ClFO2 |
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2-(3-氯丙基)-2,5,5-三甲基-1,3-二氧杂环己烷 | 5-chloro-2-pentanone 2',2'-dimethylpropylene ketal | 88128-57-8 | C10H19ClO2 |
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2-(3-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2,2-二氟乙酸乙酯 | Ethyl 2-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,2-difluoroacetate | 1215205-45-0 | C11H11ClF2O2 |
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2-(3-氨基苯基)乙醇 | 2-(3-aminophenyl)ethan-1-ol | 52273-77-5 | C8H11NO |
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2-(3-氨基苯基)-5-氨基苯并咪唑 | 5(6)-amino-2-(3-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole | 13676-49-8 | C13H12N4 |
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2-(3-氨基苯基)-2-甲基丙腈 | 2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile | 915394-29-5 | C10H12N2 |
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2-(3-氟苯基)苯胺盐酸盐 | 2-amino-3'-fluorobiphenyl hydrochloride | 139769-18-9 | C12H10FN*ClH |
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2-(3-己烯基)-5-甲基呋喃 | 1-<5-Methyl-furyl-(2)>-hexen-(3) | 60858-07-3 | C11H16O |
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2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-4-羧酸 | 2-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid | 39067-29-3 | C9H6N2O2S |
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2-(3-吡啶基)喹啉-4-卡巴肼 | 2-pyridin-3-yl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide | 5109-97-7 | C15H12N4O |
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2-(3-吡啶-2-基苯基)吡啶 | 1,3-bis(2-pyridinyl)benzene | 136538-84-6 | C16H12N2 |
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2-(3-(1-Boc-吡咯烷基))苯甲酸 | 2-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)benzoic acid | 889953-29-1 | C16H21NO4 |
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2-(3,5-双-三氟甲基-苯基)- 2-甲基-丙酸 | 2-(3,5-bis-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-methylpropionic acid | 289686-70-0 | C12H10F6O2 |
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2-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯基)乙酸 | (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid | 24744-58-9 | C8H6Br2O3 |
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2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)丁酸 | 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)butanoic acid | 92723-34-7 | C12H16O4 |
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2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3,5,6,7-四甲氧基-4H-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 3,5,6,7,3',4'-Hexamethoxyflavon | 1251-84-9 | C21H22O8 |
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2-(3,4-二甲氧基苄基)-7-((2S,3S)-2-羟基-6-苯基己-3-基)-5-甲基咪唑 | 2-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-7-{(1S)-1-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-4-phenylbutyl}-5-methylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)-one | 439083-91-7 | C27H32N4O4 |
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2-(3,4-二甲氧基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪 | 2-(3,4-Dimethoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine | 42880-07-9 | C15H11Cl6N3O2 |
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2-(3,4-二氯苄基)-1H-苯并咪唑 | 2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole | 213133-77-8 | C14H10Cl2N2 |
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2-(3,4-二氟苯基)环丙胺 | 2‐(3,4‐difluorophenyl)cyclopropan‐1‐amine | 633312-86-4 | C9H9F2N |
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2-(3,4-二氟苯基)-1,3-二氧戊环 | 2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolane | 773101-62-5 | C9H8F2O2 |
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2-(3,4,5-三羟基苯基)乙酸 | 2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid | 29511-09-9 | C8H8O5 |
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2-(3,3,7-三甲基三环[5.4.0.02,9]十一碳-8-亚基)乙醇 | Ethanol, 2-[(1S,3aR,4S,8aR)-decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl-1,4-methanoazulen-9-ylidene]- | 5989-05-9 | C16H26O |
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