有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-氨基-1-(4-三氟甲基苯基)乙醇盐酸盐 | 2-amino-1-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethan-1-one hydrochloride | 339-58-2 | C9H8F3NO*ClH |
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2-氨基-1-(2-氯苯基)-1-乙酮盐酸盐 | 2-amino-1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethan-1-one hydrochloride | 16442-79-8 | C8H8ClNO*ClH |
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2-氨基-1-(2-氟苯基)乙酮盐酸盐 | 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethan-1-one hydrogen chloride salt | 93102-96-6 | C8H8FNO*ClH |
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2-氨基-1-(2,5-二甲氧基苯基)乙醇 | 2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2'-hydroxyethyl)aniline | 28226-20-2 | C10H15NO3 |
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2-氨基-1-(2,5-二甲氧基苯基)乙醇 | desglymidodrine | 3600-87-1 | C10H15NO3 |
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2-氨基-1-(2,5-二甲氧基苯基)乙酮盐酸盐 | 2-amino-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanone hydrochloride | 671224-08-1 | C10H13NO3*ClH |
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2-氨基-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)乙酮盐酸盐 | 2-amino-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanone hydrochloride | 65146-54-5 | C8H7Cl2NO*ClH |
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2-氨基-1-(1H-吲哚-3-基)乙醇 | 2-amino-1-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethanol | 46168-27-8 | C10H12N2O |
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2-氨基-1,4-苯二酚盐酸盐(1:1) | 2-aminohydroquinone hydrochloride | 32190-95-7 | C6H7NO2*ClH |
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2-氨基-1,4-苯二磺酸 | amino-benzene-1,4-disulfonic acid | 98-44-2 | C6H7NO6S2 |
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2-氨基-1,4,5,6-四氢嘧啶盐酸盐 | 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-amine hydrochloride | 26893-39-0 | C4H9N3*ClH |
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2-氨基-1,3-噻唑-4-乙酸乙酯盐酸盐 | ethyl 2-aminothiazol-4-ylacetate hydrochloride | 76629-17-9 | C7H10N2O2S*ClH |
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2-氨基-1,3-二甲氧基丙烷 | 2-amino-1,3-dimethoxypropane | 78531-29-0 | C5H13NO2 |
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2-氨基-1,3,5-三嗪 | 2-amino-1,3,5-triazine | 4122-04-7 | C3H4N4 |
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2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑 | [1,3,4]Thiadiazol-2-ylamin | 4005-51-0 | C2H3N3S |
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2-氨基-(9ci)-1H-苯并咪唑-5-醇 | 5-hydroxy-2-aminobenzimidazole | 51276-85-8 | C7H7N3O |
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2-氨-1-甲基苯咪唑 | 2-Amino-1-methylbenzimidazole | 1622-57-7 | C8H9N3 |
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2-氧酰肼-2H-1-苯并吡喃-3-羧酸 | 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide | 1846-91-9 | C10H8N2O3 |
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2-氧杂环丁烷甲酸 | oxetane-2-carboxylic acid | 864373-47-7 | C4H6O3 |
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2-氧杂-6-氮杂-螺[3,3]庚烷草酸盐 | 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptane oxalate | 1159599-99-1 | C2H2O4*C5H9NO |
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2-氧杂-6-氮杂-螺[3,3]庚烷 | 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptane | 174-78-7 | C5H9NO |
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2-氧杂-5-氮杂双环[4.1.0]庚烷盐酸盐 | 2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane hydrochloride | 1354952-28-5 | C5H9NO*ClH |
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2-氧杂-3-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚-5-烯-3-羧酸叔丁酯 | 2-oxa-3-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-3-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester | 99027-90-4 | C10H15NO3 |
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2-氧吡咯烷-3-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate | 36821-26-8 | C7H11NO3 |
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2-氧吡咯烷-1-甲醛 | 2-oxo-pyrrolidine-1-carbaldehyde | 40321-44-6 | C5H7NO2 |
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2-氧代环庚烷甲酸乙酯 | ethyl cycloheptanone-2-carboxylate | 774-05-0 | C10H16O3 |
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2-氧代环己烷甲腈 | 2-cyanocyclohexanone | 4513-77-3 | C7H9NO |
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2-氧代环己烷-1,1,3,3-四丙酸 | 2,2,6,6-Tetrakis-(2-carboxy-aethyl)-cyclohexanon-(1) | 5107-67-5 | C18H26O9 |
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2-氧代戊烷-1,5-二甲酸二乙酯 | Diethyl 2-ketoglutarate | 5965-53-7 | C9H14O5 |
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2-氧代己酸 | 2-oxohexanoic acid | 2492-75-3 | C6H10O3 |
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2-氧代己二酸 | 2-oxohexanedioic acid | 3184-35-8 | C6H8O5 |
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2-氧代丙酸钙盐 | 52009-14-0 | C3H4CaO3 |
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2-氧代-8-氮杂螺[4.5]癸-8-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 2-oxo-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate | 1250994-14-9 | C14H23NO3 |
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2-氧代-7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-7-甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 2-oxo-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonane-7-carboxylate | 203661-69-2 | C13H21NO3 |
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2-氧代-5-乙烯基吡咯烷-3-羧酰胺 | 2-oxo-5-vinylpyrrolidine-3-amide | 71107-19-2 | C7H10N2O2 |
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2-氧代-5,6-二氢吡啶-1(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 6-oxo-3,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate | 128372-89-4 | C10H15NO3 |
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2-氧代-4-苯基-1-吡咯烷乙酸酰肼 | 2-Oxo-4-phenylpyrrolidine-1-acetic acid hydrazide | 77472-71-0 | C12H15N3O2 |
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2-氧代-3-苯基丙酸甲酯 | methyl phenylpyruvate | 6362-58-9 | C10H10O3 |
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2-氧代-3-甲基丁酸 | 3-methyl-2-ketobutanoic acid | 759-05-7 | C5H8O3 |
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2-氧代-3-吲哚羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxoacetate | 51079-10-8 | C12H11NO3 |
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2-氧代-2-[[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]氨基]乙酸 | 2-oxo-2-[(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)amino]acetic acid | 69066-42-8 | C9H6F3NO3 |
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2-氧代-2-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]乙酸 | 3-trifluoromethylphenylglyoxylic acid | 61560-95-0 | C9H5F3O3 |
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2-氧代-2-(2-氧代环戊基)乙酸乙酯 | oxo-(2-oxo-cyclopentyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester | 39163-39-8 | C9H12O4 |
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2-氧代-2-(1-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-2-基)乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-oxo-2-(1-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)acetate | 58199-07-8 | C14H14O4 |
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2-氧代-2,3-二氢-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸 | 2-Oxo-4-imidazolin-4-carbonsaeure | 39828-47-2 | C4H4N2O3 |
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2-氧代-1,7-二氮杂螺[4-]癸烷-7-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (RS)-2-oxo-1,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate | 1158749-85-9 | C13H22N2O3 |
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2-氧代-1,3-二氢吲哚-5-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-oxindoline-5-carboxylate | 61394-49-8 | C11H11NO3 |
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2-氧-2,3-二氢-1H-苯并咪唑-5-羧酸 | 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carboxylic acid | 23814-14-4 | C8H6N2O3 |
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2-氟间苯二甲酸 | 2-fluoroisophthalic acid | 1583-65-9 | C8H5FO4 |
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2-氟萘烯甲醛 | 9H-fluorene-2-carbaldehyde | 30084-90-3 | C14H10O |
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