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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— N-{4-[4-(Methanesulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenyl}-2-{[1-(2-methylphenyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}acetamide 5379-16-8 C21H25N7O3S2
    N-{4-[4-(Methanesulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenyl}-2-{[1-(2-methylphenyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}acetamide
    —— 2-[2-Bromo-4-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)imino-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]methyl]-6-methoxyphenoxy]acetic acid 5497-52-9 C19H14BrClN2O5S
    2-[2-Bromo-4-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)imino-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]methyl]-6-methoxyphenoxy]acetic acid
    —— 2-(5-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)ethanaminium 942-26-7 C10H12ClN2+
    2-(5-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)ethanaminium
    —— mercury;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid 13257-51-7 C4H2F6HgO4
    mercury;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid
    —— Hafnium;2-methylpropan-2-ol 2172-02-3 C16H40HfO4
    Hafnium;2-methylpropan-2-ol
    —— 2-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)piperidine 383128-24-3 C11H13Cl2N
    2-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)piperidine
    —— Naphthalen-1-yl phosphate 81012-89-7 C10H7O4P-2
    Naphthalen-1-yl phosphate
    —— Calcium;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxohept-3-en-3-olate 36818-89-0 C22H38CaO4
    Calcium;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxohept-3-en-3-olate
    —— 2-(3,4-Diethoxyphenyl)ethan-1-aminium 61381-04-2 C12H20NO2+
    2-(3,4-Diethoxyphenyl)ethan-1-aminium
    —— 1,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxylate 79410-20-1 C12H15O6-3
    1,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxylate
    —— 5-Phenyl-1h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate 5071-61-4 C10H7N2O2-
    5-Phenyl-1h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
    —— 5-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one;thulium 15631-58-0 C33H60O6Tm
    5-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one;thulium
    —— Hafnium;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one 17475-67-1 C20H32HfO8
    Hafnium;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one
    —— 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate 4598-86-1 C5H4N3O4-
    1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
    —— N-Fmoc-Freidinger's lactam 957507-85-6 C24H26N2O5
    N-Fmoc-Freidinger's lactam
    —— 3,6-Dichloro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylate 34576-94-8 C9H3Cl2O2S-
    3,6-Dichloro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylate
    —— cobalt,(Z)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one 14877-41-9 C33H60CoO6
    cobalt,(Z)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one
    —— 2-(5-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-aminium 55795-89-6 C11H15N2+
    2-(5-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-aminium
    —— Sodium 3,3',3''-phosphinetriyltribenzenesulfonate 63995-70-0 C18H12Na3O9PS3
    Sodium 3,3',3''-phosphinetriyltribenzenesulfonate
    —— Disodium 5-amino-2-[2-(4-nitro-2-sulfonatophenyl)ethenyl]benzenesulfonate 6634-82-8 C14H10N2Na2O8S2
    Disodium 5-amino-2-[2-(4-nitro-2-sulfonatophenyl)ethenyl]benzenesulfonate
    —— [(4-Fluorophenyl)sulfanyl]acetate 332-51-4 C8H6FO2S-
    [(4-Fluorophenyl)sulfanyl]acetate
    —— 4-Amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid monosodium salt hydrate 312693-54-2 C10H8NO7S2-
    4-Amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid monosodium salt hydrate
    —— Chromium;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one 21679-31-2 C15H24CrO6
    Chromium;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one
    —— 4-Hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;zirconium 17501-44-9 C20H32O8Zr
    4-Hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;zirconium
    —— (Acetylacetonato)carbonyl(triphenylphosphane)rhodium(I) inverted exclamation mark degrees ROPAC inverted exclamation mark+/- 25470-96-6 C24H22O3PRh-
    (Acetylacetonato)carbonyl(triphenylphosphane)rhodium(I) inverted exclamation mark degrees ROPAC inverted exclamation mark+/-
    —— Bromochloromethyl acetate 98136-99-3 C3H4BrClO2
    Bromochloromethyl acetate
    —— 2,3-Difluoro-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol 886500-71-6 C8H8F2O2
    2,3-Difluoro-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol
    —— Bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)iridium (I) tetrafluoroborate 35138-23-9 C16H24BF4Ir-
    Bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)iridium (I) tetrafluoroborate
    —— 2-((2,3,3a,4,7,7a(Or 3a,4,5,6,7,7a)-hexahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indenyl)oxy)ethyl methacrylate 68586-19-6 C16H22O3
    2-((2,3,3a,4,7,7a(Or 3a,4,5,6,7,7a)-hexahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indenyl)oxy)ethyl methacrylate
    —— (5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;iridium;methyl(diphenyl)phosphane;hexafluorophosphate 38465-86-0 C34H38F6IrP3-
    (5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;iridium;methyl(diphenyl)phosphane;hexafluorophosphate
    —— trans-Bis(acetato)bis[o-(di-o-tolylphosphino)benzyl]dipalladium(II) 172418-32-5 C46H54O4P2Pd2
    trans-Bis(acetato)bis[o-(di-o-tolylphosphino)benzyl]dipalladium(II)
    —— Cerium(III) 4-Oxopent-2-en-2-olate Hydrate 15653-01-7 C15H24CeO6
    Cerium(III) 4-Oxopent-2-en-2-olate Hydrate
    —— 86233-74-1 C13H14CuF6O2
    —— Methylcyclopentadecenone 82356-51-2 C16H28O
    Methylcyclopentadecenone
    —— niobium;oxalic acid 21348-59-4 C10H10NbO20
    niobium;oxalic acid
    —— Cobalt(2+) 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-5,6,9,10,15,16,19,20-octahydroporphyrin-21,23-diide 14172-90-8 C44H38CoN4
    Cobalt(2+) 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-5,6,9,10,15,16,19,20-octahydroporphyrin-21,23-diide
    —— Cobalt;phosphoric acid 18718-10-0 CoH3O4P
    Cobalt;phosphoric acid
    —— [(1R)-1-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]ferrocene 31886-58-5 C14H29FeN
    [(1R)-1-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]ferrocene
    —— [(1S)-1-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]ferrocene 31886-57-4 C14H29FeN
    [(1S)-1-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]ferrocene
    —— Butanedioic acid,2,3-dihydroxy-(2R,3R)-, aluminum salt (3:2) 815-78-1 C4H6AlO6
    Butanedioic acid,2,3-dihydroxy-(2R,3R)-, aluminum salt (3:2)
    —— Dichloro{(1S,2S)-N,N-bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)benzyl]cyclohexane-1,2-diamine}ruthenium(II) 429678-11-5 C44H44Cl2N2P2Ru
    Dichloro{(1S,2S)-N,N-bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)benzyl]cyclohexane-1,2-diamine}ruthenium(II)
    —— Carbon monoxide;iron;1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentane 35344-11-7 C24H40Fe2O4
    Carbon monoxide;iron;1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentane
    —— Tert-butyl 3-hydroxybut-2-enoate;copper 23670-45-3 C16H28CuO6
    Tert-butyl 3-hydroxybut-2-enoate;copper
    —— Cerium(III) oxalate 15750-47-7 C6H8Ce2O13
    Cerium(III) oxalate
    —— Chloronickel;cyclopentane;triphenylphosphane 31904-79-7 C23H25ClNiP
    Chloronickel;cyclopentane;triphenylphosphane
    —— Butylcyclopentane;cyclopentane;iron 31904-29-7 C14H28Fe
    Butylcyclopentane;cyclopentane;iron
    —— Sodium;2-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)butanoate 92598-79-3 C11H17N2NaO3
    Sodium;2-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)butanoate
    —— Calcium copper (ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetate 5497-52-9 C19H14BrClN2O5S
    Calcium copper (ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetate
    —— Dichlororuthenium;dimethylazanium;[4-(5-diphenylphosphanyl-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl]-diphenylphosphane;chloride 346457-41-8 C78H64Cl5NO8P4Ru2
    Dichlororuthenium;dimethylazanium;[4-(5-diphenylphosphanyl-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl]-diphenylphosphane;chloride
    —— RuCl2[(S)-dm-segphos(regR)][(S,S)-dpen] 944450-46-8 C60H60Cl2N2O4P2Ru
    RuCl2[(S)-dm-segphos(regR)][(S,S)-dpen]