有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(2-碘苯基)肼盐酸盐 | (2-iodophenyl)hydrazine hydrochloride | 60481-34-7 | C6H8IN2*Cl |
|
(2-碘苯基)(苯基)硫醚 | (2-iodophenyl)(phenyl)sulfane | 2236-42-2 | C12H9IS |
|
(2-碘乙基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (2-iodoethyl)carbamate | 122234-46-2 | C7H14INO2 |
|
(2-硝基苄基)三苯基溴化膦,一水化合物 | (2-nitrobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide | 23308-83-0 | Br*C25H21NO2P |
|
(2-硝基-3-甲氧基-苯基)-甲醇 | (3-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)methanol | 53055-04-2 | C8H9NO4 |
|
(2-疏基-1-甲基-1H-咪唑-5-基)甲醇 | 5-hydroxymethyl-2-mercapto-1-methyl-1H-imidazole | 143122-18-3 | C5H8N2OS |
|
(2-甲酰氨苯基)三氟硼酸钾 | Potassium (2-aminocarbonylphenyl)trifluoroborate | 850623-70-0 | C7H6BF3KNO |
|
(2-甲酰基-5-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸 | 5-Trifluoromethyl-2-formyl phenylboronic acid | 1204580-94-8 | C8H6BF3O3 |
|
(2-甲氧苄基)膦酸二乙酯 | 2-methoxy-1-diethylphosphonomethyl-benzene | 150809-54-4 | C12H19O4P |
|
(2-甲氧基苯基)亚膦酰二氯 | 2-anisyldichlorophosphine | 58325-49-8 | C7H7Cl2OP |
|
(2-甲氧基苯基)乙醛 | (2-methoxy-phenyl)-acetaldehyde | 33567-59-8 | C9H10O2 |
|
(2-甲氧基苯基)丙酸酯 | 2-methoxyphenyl propionate | 7598-60-9 | C10H12O3 |
|
(2-甲氧基苯基)三氟硼酸钾 | Potassium (2-Methoxyphenyl)trifluoroborate | 236388-46-8 | C7H7BF3KO |
|
(2-甲氧基乙基)肼盐酸盐 | 2-methoxyethyl hydrazine hydrochloride | 936249-35-3 | C3H10N2O*ClH |
|
(2-甲氧基-6-甲基-3-吡啶基)甲醇 | (2-methoxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methanol | 351410-45-2 | C8H11NO2 |
|
(2-甲氧基-5-甲基苯基)乙酸 | 2-methoxy-5-methylbenzeneacetic acid | 58506-24-4 | C10H12O3 |
|
(2-甲基磺酰苯基)三氟硼酸钾 | Potassium (2-methylsulfonylphenyl)trifluoroborate | 850623-65-3 | C7H7BF3KO2S |
|
(2-甲基噻唑-5-基)甲胺 | (2-methylthiazol-5-yl)methanamine | 63139-97-9 | C5H8N2S |
|
(2-甲基噻吩基)三氟硼酸钾 | potassium (2-methylthiophenyl)trifluoroborate | 850623-77-7 | C7H7BF3S*K |
|
(2-甲基-咪唑并[1,2-a](吡啶-3-基))甲醇 | 3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylimidazo<1,2-a>pyridine | 30489-44-2 | C9H10N2O |
|
(2-甲基-5-硝基苯基)胍硝酸盐 | 1-(2-methyl-5-nitrophenyl)guanidine nitrate | 152460-08-7 | C8H10N4O2*HNO3 |
|
(2-环丙基-2-氧代乙基)三苯基-鏻溴化物 | (2-cyclopropyl-2-oxoethyl) (triphenyl)phosphonium bromide | 112849-15-7 | Br*C23H22OP |
|
(2-溴苯基)苯胺 | 2-bromodiphenylamine | 61613-22-7 | C12H10BrN |
|
(2-溴苯基)二苯基膦 | (2-bromophenyl)diphenylphosphane | 62336-24-7 | C18H14BrP |
|
(2-溴苯基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮 | 2-bromo-4'-methoxy-benzophenone | 59142-63-1 | C14H11BrO2 |
|
(2-溴苯基)(2,2-二乙氧基乙基)硫烷 | (2-bromophenyl)(2,2-diethoxyethyl)sulfane | 137105-52-3 | C12H17BrO2S |
|
(2-溴苯乙炔基)三甲基硅烷 | 2-bromo-1-(trimethylsilylethynyl)benzene | 38274-16-7 | C11H13BrSi |
|
(2-溴甲基)二甲胺 | 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl bromide | 5459-68-7 | C4H10BrN |
|
(2-溴甲基)-4-甲基-1-硝基苯 | 2-(bromomethyl)-4-methyl-1-nitrobenzene | 110822-05-4 | C8H8BrNO2 |
|
(2-溴丙基)苯 | (2-bromopropyl)-benzene | 2114-39-8 | C9H11Br |
|
(2-溴-5H-吡咯并[2,3-B]吡嗪-7-基)甲醇 | (2-bromo-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazin-7-yl)-methanol | 1334674-88-2 | C7H6BrN3O |
|
(2-溴-5-氯苯基)(甲基)硫烷 | (2-bromo-5-chlorophenyl)(methyl)sulfane | 255051-34-4 | C7H6BrClS |
|
(2-溴-5-氯吡啶-3-基)甲醇 | (2-bromo-5-chloropyridin-3-yl)methanol | 1227585-65-0 | C6H5BrClNO |
|
(2-溴-5-叔丁基苯基)硼酸 | 2-bromo-5-tert-butylbenzeneboronic acid | 916747-52-9 | C10H14BBrO2 |
|
(2-溴-4-氟苯基)硼酸 | (2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)boronic acid | 1217501-12-6 | C6H5BBrFO2 |
|
(2-氰基苯氧基)乙酸 | 2-cyanoyphenoxyacetic acid | 6574-95-4 | C9H7NO3 |
|
(2-氰基苯基)二苯基膦 | 2-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzonitrile | 34825-99-5 | C19H14NP |
|
(2-氯苯基)-苯甲醇 | (2-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanol | 6954-45-6 | C13H11ClO |
|
(2-氯苯基)-(4-苯基苯基)甲酮 | [1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl(2-chlorophenyl)methanone | 34701-98-9 | C19H13ClO |
|
(2-氯苯基)(1-羟基环戊基)甲酮 | (2-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclopentyl)methanone | 90717-17-2 | C12H13ClO2 |
|
(2-氯苄基)三苯基氯化 | 2-chlorobenzyl-triphenylphosphonium chloride | 18583-55-6 | C25H21ClP*Cl |
|
(2-氯噻唑-5-基)甲胺盐酸盐 | 2-chloro-5-(aminomethyl)thiazole hydrochloride | 153471-67-1 | C4H5ClN2S*ClH |
|
(2-氯噻吩-3-基)甲醇 | (2-chlorothiophen-3-yl)methanol | 105114-80-5 | C5H5ClOS |
|
(2-氯嘧啶-5-基)三氟硼酸钾 | Potassium (2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)trifluoroborate | 1245906-70-0 | C4H2BClF3KN2 |
|
(2-氯乙氧基)环丙烷 | (2-chloroethoxy)cyclopropane | 17714-18-0 | C5H9ClO |
|
(2-氯乙基)-4-氟苯甲酰胺 | N-(2-chloroethyl)-4-fluorobenzamide | 15258-01-2 | C9H9ClFNO |
|
(2-氯乙基)(甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (2-chloroethyl)(methyl)carbamate | 220074-38-4 | C8H16ClNO2 |
|
(2-氯-吡啶-4-基)乙酸 | 2-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)acetic acid | 887580-55-4 | C7H6ClNO2 |
|
(2-氯-3-氟吡啶-4-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)carbamate | 1354223-71-4 | C10H12ClFN2O2 |
|
(2-氨磺酰基-乙基)-氨基甲酸苄酯 | benzyl (2-sulfamoylethyl)carbamate | 136027-17-3 | C10H14N2O4S |
|