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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Einecs 261-853-4 59673-82-4 C15H12Cl2N2O3
    Einecs 261-853-4
    —— 2-(5-(5-(1-(2-(Aminosulphonyl)phenyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-2,4-dioxo-5-pyrimidinyl)penta-2,4-dienylidene)-3-cyclohexyltetrahydro-2,4,6-trioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)benzenesulphonamide 59651-54-6 C37H40N6O10S2
    2-(5-(5-(1-(2-(Aminosulphonyl)phenyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-2,4-dioxo-5-pyrimidinyl)penta-2,4-dienylidene)-3-cyclohexyltetrahydro-2,4,6-trioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)benzenesulphonamide
    —— Titanium(2+) chloride--ethanol (1/2/2) 3582-00-1 C4H12Cl2O2Ti
    Titanium(2+) chloride--ethanol (1/2/2)
    —— Nickel bis(2-ethylhexanoate) 4454-16-4 C16H30NiO4
    Nickel bis(2-ethylhexanoate)
    —— Benzenesulfonamide, 3-((4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)azo)-4-hydroxy- 5264-47-1 C16H15N5O4S
    Benzenesulfonamide, 3-((4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)azo)-4-hydroxy-
    —— 2-Decoxycarbonyl-5-octoxycarbonylbenzoic acid 67989-23-5 C27H42O6
    2-Decoxycarbonyl-5-octoxycarbonylbenzoic acid
    —— Zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate 54010-75-2 C2F6O6S2Zn
    Zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate
    —— Fructose 1-(barium phosphate) 53823-70-4 C6H11BaO9P
    Fructose 1-(barium phosphate)
    —— Disodium 4-amino-5-oxido-3-sulfonaphthalene-1-sulfonate 52789-62-5 C10H7NNa2O7S2
    Disodium 4-amino-5-oxido-3-sulfonaphthalene-1-sulfonate
    —— ethyl 2-(1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl)-3-oxo-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate 51986-04-0 C10H14N2O5S
    ethyl 2-(1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl)-3-oxo-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate
    —— Titanium(IV) 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol 5575-43-9 C32H68O8Ti
    Titanium(IV) 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol
    —— 5-(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-3a,6a-dihydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-ol 2847-00-9 C12H18O6
    5-(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-3a,6a-dihydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-ol
    —— Chromium(III) 2-ethylhexanoate 3444-17-5 C24H45CrO6
    Chromium(III) 2-ethylhexanoate
    —— (S)-4-[[2-[(4-nitrophenyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl]amino]-4-oxobutyric acid 2440-62-2 C19H19N3O6
    (S)-4-[[2-[(4-nitrophenyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl]amino]-4-oxobutyric acid
    —— zinc(II) L-tartrate 551-64-4 C4H4O6*Zn
    zinc(II) L-tartrate
    —— 4-(3-Chloropropyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolane 3308-94-9 C12H14ClFO2
    4-(3-Chloropropyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolane
    —— benzoic acid;(S)-[(2S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol 750-88-9 C27H30N2O4
    benzoic acid;(S)-[(2S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol
    —— Magnesium bromide butan-2-ide (1/1/1) 922-66-7 C4H9BrMg
    Magnesium bromide butan-2-ide (1/1/1)
    —— 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-Octaethyl-21H,23H-porphine 2683-82-1 C36H46N4
    2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-Octaethyl-21H,23H-porphine
    —— Diphenylzinc 1078-58-6 C12H10Zn
    Diphenylzinc
    —— Tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) titanate 1070-10-6 C32H68O4Ti
    Tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) titanate
    —— (Benzylamine)trifluoroboron 696-99-1 C7H9BF3N
    (Benzylamine)trifluoroboron
    —— Silver citrate 126-45-4 C6H5Ag3O7
    Silver citrate
    —— exo-Bornyl butyrate 58479-55-3 C14H24O2
    exo-Bornyl butyrate
    —— Cupric stearate 660-60-6 C36H70CuO4
    Cupric stearate
    —— tert-Butyl L-tryptophyl-L-methionyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-3-phenyl-L-alaninamidoformate 5235-21-2 C34H44N6O8S
    tert-Butyl L-tryptophyl-L-methionyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-3-phenyl-L-alaninamidoformate
    —— Copper D-gluconate 13005-35-1 C12H22CuO14
    Copper D-gluconate
    —— Diphenyliodonium hexafluoroarsenate(1-) 62613-15-4 C12H10AsF6I
    Diphenyliodonium hexafluoroarsenate(1-)
    —— α-Gurjunen 489-40-7 C15H24
    α-Gurjunen
    —— 3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl hydrogen maleate 24429-25-2 C13H22O4
    3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl hydrogen maleate
    —— 1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-[[(9Z)-1-oxo-9-octadecenyl]amino]-, inner salt 25054-76-6 C25H49N2O3+
    1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-[[(9Z)-1-oxo-9-octadecenyl]amino]-, inner salt
    —— 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (9Z,12Z)-, 1-methylethyl ester 22882-95-7 C21H38O2
    9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (9Z,12Z)-, 1-methylethyl ester
    —— Rhodium(III) 2-ethylhexanoate 20845-92-5 C24H45O6Rh
    Rhodium(III) 2-ethylhexanoate
    —— Tris(acetylacetonato)chromium 21679-31-2 C15H21CrO6
    Tris(acetylacetonato)chromium
    —— 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-5-nitro-2,6-dioxopyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid 17687-24-0 C5H3N3O6
    1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-5-nitro-2,6-dioxopyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid
    —— 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 8-(phenylamino)-, magnesium salt (2:1) 18108-68-4 C32H24MgN2O6S2
    1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 8-(phenylamino)-, magnesium salt (2:1)
    —— 3,3-dimethoxybutan-1-amine 1368920-29-9 C6H15NO2
    3,3-dimethoxybutan-1-amine
    —— Benzenediazonium, 4-(ethylamino)-3-methyl-, trichlorozincate(1-) (1:1) 6130-01-4 C9H12Cl3N3Zn
    Benzenediazonium, 4-(ethylamino)-3-methyl-, trichlorozincate(1-) (1:1)
    —— 2-(2,2-Diethoxyethyl)imidazole 18999-43-4 C9H16N2O2
    2-(2,2-Diethoxyethyl)imidazole
    —— Tristriphenylphosphine rhodium carbonyl hydride 17185-29-4 C55H46OP3Rh-
    Tristriphenylphosphine rhodium carbonyl hydride
    —— Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, gadolinium(3+) salt 19189-19-6 C24H45GdO6
    Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, gadolinium(3+) salt
    —— Tris(pentane-2,4-dionato-O,O')gadolinium 14284-87-8 C15H21GdO6
    Tris(pentane-2,4-dionato-O,O')gadolinium
    —— N,N'-Ethylidenebis(2-bromoacetamide) 4960-81-0 C6H10Br2N2O2
    N,N'-Ethylidenebis(2-bromoacetamide)
    —— Calcium 2-propylvalerate 33433-82-8 C16H30CaO4
    Calcium 2-propylvalerate
    —— 13-Ethyl-3-methoxygona-2,5(10)-dien-17beta-ol 14507-49-4 C20H30O2
    13-Ethyl-3-methoxygona-2,5(10)-dien-17beta-ol
    —— disodium;6-amino-5-[(4-amino-2-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonate 6360-04-9 C16H12N4Na2O7S2
    disodium;6-amino-5-[(4-amino-2-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonate
    —— 4-Oxopent-2-en-2-olate;oxotitanium(2+) 14024-64-7 C10H14O5Ti
    4-Oxopent-2-en-2-olate;oxotitanium(2+)
    —— 3-Phenoxy-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate 16969-10-1 C12H14O4
    3-Phenoxy-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate
    —— Terbium(III) 2,4-pentanedionate 14284-95-8 C15H21O6Tb
    Terbium(III) 2,4-pentanedionate
    —— Iron(3+);4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate 14024-18-1 C15H21FeO6
    Iron(3+);4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate