有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(2-氨基苯基)(苯基)甲醇 | (2-aminophenyl)(phenyl)methanol | 13209-38-6 | C13H13NO |
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(2-氨基乙氧基)乙酸 | 2-(2-aminoethoxy)acetic acid | 10366-71-9 | C4H9NO3 |
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(2-氨基乙基)三苯基溴化膦 | (2-aminoethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide | 89996-00-9 | Br*C20H21NP |
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(2-氨基乙基)-乙基氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (2-aminoethyl)(ethyl)carbamate | 105628-63-5 | C9H20N2O2 |
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(2-氨基-6-溴-苯基)甲醇 | (2-amino-6-bromophenyl)methanol | 861106-92-5 | C7H8BrNO |
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(2-氨基-6-氯苯基)-甲醇 | (2-amino-6-chlorophenyl)methanol | 39885-08-0 | C7H8ClNO |
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(2-氨基-6-氟苯基)甲醇 | (2-amino-6-fluorophenyl)methanol | 221285-25-2 | C7H8FNO |
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(2-氨基-5-硝基苯基)甲醇 | 2-amino-5-nitrobenzyl alcohol | 77242-30-9 | C7H8N2O3 |
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(2-氨基-5-溴-3-甲氧基苯基)甲醇 | (2-amino-5-bromo-3-methoxyphenyl)methanol | 953039-12-8 | C8H10BrNO2 |
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(2-氨基-5-氟苯基)-氨基甲酸-1,1-二甲基乙酯 | tert-butyl (2-amino-5-fluorophenyl)carbamate | 362670-07-3 | C11H15FN2O2 |
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(2-氨基-4-溴苯基)甲醇 | (2-amino-4-bromophenyl)methanol | 946122-05-0 | C7H8BrNO |
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(2-氨基-4,5-二氟苯基)甲醇 | (2-amino-4,5-difluorophenyl)methanol | 748805-87-0 | C7H7F2NO |
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(2-氨基-3-羟基-十八烷氧基)膦酸 | sphinganine-1-phosphate | 19794-97-9 | C18H40NO5P |
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(2-氨基-3-甲氧基-苯基)-甲醇 | 2-amino-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol | 205877-13-0 | C8H11NO2 |
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(2-氨基-3-氯苯基)甲醇 | (2-amino-3-chlorophenyl)methanol | 61487-25-0 | C7H8ClNO |
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(2-氨基-2-甲基丙基)(丙烷-2-基)胺 | N-(2-aminoisobutyl)isopropylamine | 5448-29-3 | C7H18N2 |
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(2-氧代-吡咯烷-1-基)-乙酸 | 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid | 53934-76-2 | C6H9NO3 |
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(2-氧代-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-基)-乙酸 | (2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-quinolin-1-yl)-acetic acid | 81745-21-3 | C11H11NO3 |
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(2-氧代-2,3-二氢-1H-吲哚-3-基)-乙酸 | 2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-indole-3-acetic acid | 2971-31-5 | C10H9NO3 |
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(2-氧代-1-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-1,1,2,3-四氢螺[茚-2,3-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶]-5-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (+/-)-(2'-oxo-1'-{[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy]methyl}-1,1',2',3-tetrahydrospiro[indene-2,3'-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin]-5-yl)carbamate | 1033608-31-9 | C26H35N3O4Si |
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(2-氧代-1,3-苯并噁唑-3(2H)-基)乙酸 | 2-(2-oxobenzo[d]oxazol-3(2H)-yl)acetic acid | 13610-49-6 | C9H7NO4 |
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(2-氟苯甲酰基氨基)-乙酸 | 2-(2-fluorobenzamido)acetic acid | 363-34-8 | C9H8FNO3 |
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(2-氟苯氧基)乙酸 | (2-fluorophenoxy)acetic acid | 348-10-7 | C8H7FO3 |
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(2-氟苯基)硫代]乙酸 | o-Fluorophenylthioglycolic acid | 705-02-2 | C8H7FO2S |
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(2-氟苯基)三氟硼酸钾 | potassium (2-fluorophenyl)trifluoroborate | 166328-10-5 | C6H4BF4*K |
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(2-氟苯基)-氧代乙腈 | 2-fluorobenzoyl cyanide | 80277-41-4 | C8H4FNO |
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(2-氟苯乙炔)三甲基硅烷 | ((2-fluorophenyl)ethynyl)trimethylsilane | 480439-33-6 | C11H13FSi |
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(2-氟嘧啶-5-基)三氟硼酸钾 | Potassium trifluoro(2-fluoropyrimidin-5-yl)borate | 1245906-69-7 | C4H2BF4KN2 |
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(2-氟-苄基)-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-胺 | (2-Fluoro-benzyl)-(4-methoxy-benzyl)-amine | 418788-17-7 | C15H16FNO |
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(2-氟-5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)吡啶-3-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-Butyl (2-fluoro-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)carbamate | 1310405-07-2 | C16H24BFN2O4 |
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(2-氟-4-羟基苯基)硼酸 | (2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)boronic acid | 1376989-43-3 | C6H6BFO3 |
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(2-新戊基烯丙基)琥珀酸 | (2-neopentyl-allyl)-succinic acid | 5703-15-1 | C12H20O4 |
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(2-异丙氧乙基)乙酸酯 | Ethanol, 2-(1-methylethoxy)-, acetate | 19234-20-9 | C7H14O3 |
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(2-异丙基苯基)甲醇 | 2-isopropylbenzyl alcohol | 21190-34-1 | C10H14O |
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(2-吗啉-4-乙基)-肼 | N-(2-hydrazinoethyl)morpholine | 2154-24-7 | C6H15N3O |
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(2-二苯甲基氧基羰基氨基-6-氧代-1,6-二氢嘌呤-9-基)-乙酸 | 2-N-(benzhydryloxycarbonyl)guanine-9-acetic acid | 169287-79-0 | C21H17N5O5 |
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(2-乙氧羰基苯基)三氟硼酸钾 | Potassium (2-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)trifluoroborate | 850623-73-3 | C9H9BF3O2*K |
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(2-乙氧基苯氧基)乙腈 | (2-ethoxyphenoxy)methyl cyanide | 6781-16-4 | C10H11NO2 |
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(2-乙基己基)溴化镁 | 2-Ethylhexyl magnesium bromide | 90224-21-8 | C8H17BrMg |
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(2-三甲基硅基乙基)三苯基碘化磷 | 2-trimethylsilylethyltriphenylphosphonium iodide | 63922-84-9 | C23H28PSi*I |
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(2-三氟甲基-吡啶-4-基)-甲醇 | (2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)methanol | 131747-61-0 | C7H6F3NO |
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(2-丁基苯并呋喃-3-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮 | (2-butylbenzofuran-3-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone | 83790-87-8 | C20H20O3 |
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(2-丁基-1-苯并呋喃-3-基)(4-羟基-3-碘苯基)甲酮 | 2-n-butyl-3-(3-iodo-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-benzofuran | 147030-50-0 | C19H17IO3 |
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(2-丁基)三苯基溴化膦 | 2-butyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide | 3968-92-1 | Br*C22H24P |
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(2-[1,2,4]噻唑-1-苯基)甲醇 | (2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)methanol | 914349-48-7 | C9H9N3O |
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(2-NAPHTHALENYLMETHYL)MAGNESIUMBROMIDESOLUTION0.25燤INDIETHYLETHER | Magnesium;2-methanidylnaphthalene;bromide | 127543-80-0 | C11H9BrMg |
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(2-N-丁氧基乙氧基)乙酸 | (2-butoxyethoxy)acetic acid | 82941-26-2 | C8H16O4 |
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(2-(甲巯基)嘧啶-4-基)甲醇 | (2-methylsulfanylpyrimidin-4-yl)methanol | 102921-92-6 | C6H8N2OS |
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(2-(二甲氧基甲基)苯基)甲醇 | (2-(dimethoxymethyl)phenyl)methanol | 87656-32-4 | C10H14O3 |
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(2-(二甲基氨基)-2-氧代乙基)膦酸二乙酯 | diethyl N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethylphosphonate | 3842-86-2 | C8H18NO4P |
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